Wieringa's 2011 article condensing her research: the army's sexual slander of Gerwani was the spark without which the genocide would not have happened; reconstructs the Lubang Buaya night (about 70 women and girls, mostly Pemuda Rakyat volunteers) and reads the monument mural. Programmatic synthesis.
Vannessa Hearman's 2014 reflection on the absence of victims in The Act of Killing, concluding that this dominance of perpetrators vividly shows impunity and its continued narrative. Context on film and advocacy.
Pohlman (2017), lead investigator on sexual crimes for the IPT 1965, argues rape and sexualised torture in 1965-70 detention were crimes against humanity, summarising fifty-eight case files (72% female victims, 85% naming soldiers or military police). Legal framing of sexual torture.
Two-page south-east Asia magazine piece (südostasien 1/2017, German) translating Wieringa's statement as IPT 1965 chair on the July 2016 verdict: crimes against humanity, 400,000-600,000 killed, sexual violence, hate propaganda, complicity of the US, UK and Australia. Gerwani not named.
Hearman's 2018 article on how 1965 survivors and NGOs shifted from an inclusive citizenship strategy (1998-2004) to a 'boomerang' appeal to international norms, with stalled domestic justice. Context on the post-1998 struggle for justice.
Jess Melvin's 2018 monograph arguing the 1965-66 killings were a genocide planned and coordinated by the army, based on about 3,000 pages of Aceh military records and interviews. Key evidence on army responsibility.
Geoffrey Robinson's 2018 synthesis of the 1965-66 violence (about 500,000 killed, a million detained), arguing the army provoked and organised it, the US and allies facilitated it, and colonial and Cold War history set the preconditions. Context; Gerwani in the propaganda chapters.
Soe Tjen Marching's collection (Amsterdam UP 2017; Routledge 2025) of twenty survivor and descendant testimonies organised by generation, including 'Steel Women', and introducing the 'mutation of fear'. Summarises the 1965 slander of Gerwani; key testimony source.