Brief FBIS item (7 Jun 1950): the East Indonesian government appointed a Guerrilla Committee to reintegrate guerrillas into society, including Mrs Salawati Daud; of 3,400 guerrillas in the Makassar sector only 664 could be admitted to RIS armed forces. Early record of Salawati Daud's public role in South Sulawesi.
FBIS-monitored Makassar radio report (28 Jun 1950) on the first meeting of the South Sulawesi Representative Assembly since the territory's proclamation as a province of the Republic (26 Apr 1950). Mrs Salawati Daud was elected chairman of the assembly (votes for and 14 against, one abstention). Also covers statements
FBIS-monitored Makassar report (13 Jul 1950) on East Indonesian Information Ministry press conference: replacement of Dutch employees, Ternate refugees from the South Moluccas, Dr Rehatta's appointment. A short final section quotes Assembly chair Mrs Salawati on a coming nonconfidence motion, saying many people are not
FBIS-monitored Makassar report (24 Jul 1950) on the South Celebes Representative Assembly under chairman Mrs Salawati. A nonconfidence motion from the Bureau of the Republic's Followers accused her of inconsistency and dual membership of the People's Sovereignty Party; Assembly debated it, and she requested to resign a
FBIS-monitored Makassar report (7 Sep 1950): the Good Offices Committee delegation, chaired by Mrs Salawati Daud, returned from Jakarta, having met Sukarno, defence officials and the parliamentary chair on the guerrilla-army issue. She expressed confidence in a settlement; parliamentary observers were promised for Sout
FBIS-monitored Makassar announcement (2 Jan 1951) by the First Committee for the Settlement of the South Celebes Guerrilla Issue, chaired by Saleh Daeng Tompo. It cites a report by delegates Mrs Abbie Daeng Malawa and Mrs Salawati on talks with guerrilla leader Kahar Muzakar at Pesu, Enrekang, and sets procedures for g
FBIS-monitored Makassar report (dated 5 Jan 1951) in which South Celebes chief Intje Saleh Daeng Tompo, chairing the guerrilla settlement committee, says he trusts Kahar Muzakar to carry out central-government decisions and blames incidents on slow communication and provocateurs. Notes committee member Mrs Salawati wen
One-line FBIS item (7 Oct 1954): for the fourth session of Parliament, the Justice and Security Committee elected a PNI member as chairman and H. Subhajat (Progressive faction) and Madame Mudigdio of the PKI as vice-chairmen. Documents Mudigdio's parliamentary position.
US State Department Monthly Indonesian Press Survey (HathiTrust, vol. no. 11-21), p. 40, translating Harian Rakjat's 8 Sep 1955 biographies of PKI parliamentary candidates. Mrs Mudigdio (Siti Aminah Nahsjam Marah Umar), born Medan 1904, active in women's organisations from age 14, in Pertindo 1931-34, MP since 1945, an
CIA bulletin of travel by bloc and non-bloc delegations. Citing Harian Rakjat (30 June 1956), it lists the Indonesian parliamentary delegation to the USSR, Poland and Czechoslovakia (September 1956), including 'Mrs Ch. Salawati of the PKI' (identified by the sweep as Charlotte Salawati Daud) with Sakirman. A separate l
US State Department Monthly Indonesian Press Survey no. 22-32 (1957), p. 48: biographical notes on PKI-elected MPs. Mrs Charlotte Salawati (Salawati Daud), elected for Greater Jakarta, born Sangihe 20 March 1909, teacher; expelled from church affiliation in 1928 for attacking Dutch clergy, banned from teaching in 1932,
US State Department press-survey page (Aug 1957) from a Makassar-area report: the Sangihe Talaud youth and student organisation expelled several members, among them Mrs Salawati Daud and Dolongpaha, who were accused of being PKI members. The page begins mid-article; the sweep identifies the woman as Salawati Daud, a Ge
Part III of Sulami's 1959 history: KOWANI conflicts and 1948 Solo congress, founding of Gerwis at Semarang (4 June 1950), its 1954 renaming as Gerwani, structure with six commissions, membership growth (6,000 Java 1951; 642,460 in January 1957; 700,000 at the Third Congress, Solo, Dec 1957), 1955 election results (5 MP
State Department intelligence report (13 Oct 1959) on Indonesia's new governmental bodies under Guided Democracy: Cabinet, National Advisory Council, National Planning Council. Appendices list members with functional-group labels, including S.K. Trimurti (teachers), Umi Sardjono (women), Rasuna Said and Emma Puradiredj
US Monthly Indonesian Press Survey (1959-60) extracts. A review of the new monthly Api Kartini, published by Yayasan Melati and headed by Maasje Siwi, lists its editors (S. Asijah, Darmini, Parjani Pradono, S.K. Trimurti, Rukiah Kertapati and others). Parliamentary notes list Umi Sardjono (functional group for women) a
FBIS-monitored Jakarta radio text (27 Mar 1960) of Presidential Decision No. 34 of 1960 appointing the Preparatory Committee for the National Front, with Sukarno's installation speech. Among functional-group members are Mrs Supeni and Mrs Umi Sardjono (Gerwani leader), alongside D.N. Aidit in the political group; Arudj
Compilation of US embassy Djakarta despatches (April 1960) giving biographical profiles of members of the Supreme Advisory Council and other leaders. Gerwani appears in the profile of PSII chairman Arudji Kartawinata, whose wife was a Gerwani member (1954) and praised China after a Nov 1959 Beijing visit; women members
Straits Times (Singapore), 17 Jun 1960, Antara report from Jakarta: a hand-grenade attack the day before killed one woman and injured an Indonesian MP and a girl; the thrower was unknown. The sweep suggests the MP was Djubaedah (Zubaidah Nungtjik A.R.), unverified. Only the lead is available; Gerwani is not mentioned.
US State Department Central Files despatch from Embassy Djakarta (July 1960, chargé Rolland Buchner): biographic data, with alphabetical index, on about 110 former members of parliament appointed to the Gotong Royong parliament, grouped by party. Biographies of women MPs include Gerwani figures. Mrs Mudigdio (Gerwis/Ge
Compilation of US embassy Djakarta biographical despatches (2 Aug 1960) on members of the new Gotong Royong parliament. Contains profiles of Gerwani figures: Umi Sardjono (Gerwis then Gerwani chairwoman, WIDF delegate 1960), Francisca Fanggidaej (PKI women's group Gerwani board), Setiati Surasto (SARBUPRI, Gerwani link
Book by PKI chairman D.N. Aidit (Demos, 1963) collecting his writings on the Indonesian revolution. Beyond the opening chapters, a passage on the Madiun affair (p. 128) records that Mrs Mudigdio and A.M. Tambunan put parliamentary questions on 9 December 1950 about the 1948 killing of Amir Sjarifuddin and ten comrades.
Tribune (Sydney), 11 Sep 1963, p. 8: Madame Suharti Suwarto, Indonesian MP and teacher, is invited to the UAW's third national conference in Sydney from 13 September if entry formalities are completed. Gives the conference programme (rally at Sydney Trades Hall, delegates over 200) with guests Geeta Mukherjee and Nina
Tribune (Sydney), 11 Sep 1963, p. 8: Madame Suharti Suwarto, Indonesian MP and teacher, is invited to the UAW's third national conference in Sydney from 13 September if entry formalities are completed. Gives the conference programme (rally at Sydney Trades Hall, delegates over 200) with guests Geeta Mukherjee and Nina
Antara item (Djakarta, 7 July 1965) in the Indonesian Consulate General's 'News and Views' bulletin: President Sukarno, by Decision No. 159/1965, appointed 12 new members to the Consultative Body for National Development Planning (MUPPENAS), among them Mrs Suwarti Bintang Suradi Siregar and Mrs Kartini Gatot Sukandar.
Chapter 'The Political Role of Southeast Asian Women' by Amara Raksasataya in The Annals of the American Academy (Jan. 1968, 'Women Around the World'). Surveys Burma, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam: equal legal rights but modest office-holding; Thailand as case study of indirect influence. For
TAPOL Bulletin No. 3 (January 1974) of the British Campaign for the Release of Indonesian Political Prisoners, with campaign news, prison conditions and torture reports. Its 'Case Notes' profile Mrs Siti Mudigdio, a Communist MP and vice-chair of Gerwani, once also a WIDF vice-chair, whose husband was killed in 1948. O
TAPOL Bulletin no. 21, April 1977 (London). Covers the ICRC mission to seven Indonesian detention sites, Carter and human rights, East Timor testimony, Kopkamtib detention legality, official denials and the May elections. It prints a smuggled letter from a Salemba tapol to the Red Cross describing starvation, beri-beri
Stewart K. Sutley's MA thesis (Political Science, McGill, 1988) applies Tilly and Aya's 'political conflict' model to the PKI-Army struggle of 1949-65, arguing the PKI's state-within-a-state depended on Sukarno and was destroyed after the army struck at the president. Gerwani is treated only as the PKI's 'women's front
TAPOL Bulletin no. 95 (October 1989). Under 'IPU pressure wins release for jailed MP' (pp. 12-13) it reports the release on 17 August 1989 of Siti Sundari Abdulrachman, Indonesia's longest-serving woman political prisoner, then 68. A founding member of Gerwis, which became Gerwani, she sat on Gerwani's Executive Counci
FBIS item (Jakarta Post, 5 Jul 1991): the Petition 50 dissident group, 18 members attending, was heard by DPR Commissions II and III. Attendees included Ali Sadikin, H.R. Dharsono and 79-year-old freedom fighter S.K. Trimurti. They complained of travel, loan and media restrictions since 1980. Gerwani is not named.