Abadi, 14 April 1951, p. 1: Support for the 14-Party Joint Programme
Abadi, 14 April 1951, p. 1: notice that letters and telegrams endorsing the 14-party joint programme poured in, including from the Gerwis central board in Semarang alongside unions and peasant groups.
Abadi, 5 March 1952, p. 2: Gerwis Wants a Coalition Cabinet
Abadi, 5 Mar 1952, p. 2: during the cabinet crisis after the Sukiman cabinet fell, the Gerwis central board demands a coalition cabinet of religious, nationalist, socialist and progressive groups.
Harian Rakjat, 11 July 1952: DPR versus Persaja; Mrs Mudigdio on security section
Harian Rakjat, Jakarta, 11 July 1952 (full issue; p. 4 relevant). Parliamentary report in which Ny. Mudigdio is named as a member of the DPR security section during a debate on the prosecutors' association (Persaja) and on political activity by public officials. The issue otherwise has no Gerwis or Gerwani material.
Parliamentary Proceedings 1953, Vol. II (Sittings 12-25)
Official record (Risalah Perundingan) of the Indonesian parliament (DPR RI), 1953, vol. II, sittings 12-25 (from 30 January 1953). It covers the debate on the election bill for the Konstituante and DPR, army and defence bills, emergency laws and private-land restitution. Gerwani is not discussed. The only direct trace
Harian Rakjat, 22 May 1955, p. 3: special page for PKI's 35th anniversary
Harian Rakjat, 22 Mei 1955, hlm. 3: halaman khusus HUT ke-35 PKI. Special anniversary page including 'What non-party PKI candidates say': three women candidates on the PKI list for the 1955 election, with 'Emansipasi bagi kaum wanita, kata Setiati Surasto'.
Harian Rakjat, 31 August 1955, p. 4
Harian Rakjat, 31 Agustus 1955, hlm. 4. Advertisement and notice page with an election comic strip; panel 6 shows Aminah meeting Gerwani activists who organise women's teams for childcare, drinks and medical help at polling.
Biographical Sheets: Mrs Umi Sardjono and Others, 1956/57
Seven-page Ministry of Information file of short official biographies; only the first concerns Gerwani: parliamentary member no. 86 Umi Sardjono (b. Salatiga 1923, PKI list for East Java), with her career from Semarang telephone office to Kediri and Gerwani.
Constituent Assembly Member Profile: Mrs Maimunah
Konstituante.Net member profile (transcribed) of Nj. Maimunah, PKI member no. 392 of the Constituent Assembly. Born 11 May 1908 in Padang, living in Bukittinggi; P.A.M.S. Jakarta graduate. Career: teacher at HIS and girls' schools in Padang, Medan, Payakumbuh/Padang Panjang, secretary of an emergency hospital 1948-49.
Constituent Assembly Member Profile: Mrs Setiati Surasto
Konstituante.Net member profile (transcribed) of Nj. Setiati Surasto, PKI member no. 340 of the Constituent Assembly. Born 23 February 1920 in Banyuwangi, MULO educated. Civil servant in the Education Ministry 1941-50, KNIP member 1945-49, secretary of SOBSI Jakarta 1945-49, DPKS member and secretary of Sarpubri's regi
Constituent Assembly Member Profile: Mrs Suwardiningsih
Konstituante.Net member profile (transcribed) of Nj. Suwardiningsih, PKI member no. 129 of the Constituent Assembly. Born 25 June 1926 in Kudus, Muhammadiyah MULO educated, living in Surabaya. Worked at the customs office in Kudus 1944-47 and headed the education section of the TNI women's inspectorate in Bojonegoro 19
Constituent Assembly Member Profile: Suwarti Bintang Suradi
Konstituante.Net member profile (transcribed) of Suwarti Bintang Suradi, PKI member no. 15 of the Constituent Assembly. Born 1 August 1914 in Ngawi, Kweekschool and AMS educated, living in Jakarta. KNIP working committee member in Surakarta and nationally 1945-50, member of the RIS parliament and the unitary Parliament
Surabaya Post, 21 January 1957, p. 2: Sujoso's lecture on a visit to Moscow
Surabaya Post p. 2, 21 January 1957: Malang report on Masyumi MP A.W. Sujoso's lecture on the parliamentary mission to Moscow, mocking Soviet life and saying Indonesian women, 'surely also Gerwani', would reject Soviet views on free unions. Gerwani appears only as a foil in anti-communist rhetoric.
Peace council and PKI Konstituante faction: Setiati Surasto, Suwarti (Harian Rakjat, 18 February 1957)
Harian Rakjat, 18 Feb 1957, p. 3: mixed news page on Sukarno's Konsepsi and Middle East/Suez. Names Ny. Setiati Surasto and Suwarti in the PKI faction list of a 13-member Konstituante committee (with Aidit, Nyoto, Munir), and an Indian peace-council statement (Kitchlew, Rameshwari Nehru). Both are Gerwis/Gerwani figure
Merdeka, 4 March 1957: 12 women's organisations back the President's Konsepsi
Merdeka, 4 Mar 1957, p. 3: twelve Surabaya women's organisations including Wanita Demokrat and Gerwani declare support for Sukarno's February 1957 Konsepsi, alongside veterans' groups.
History of Jakarta City Government (Greater Jakarta Municipality, 1958)
Sedjarah Pemerintahan Kota Djakarta, an official history of Jakarta's city government from Dutch Batavia to the end of 1957, compiled by Drs. The Liang Gie and published by the Kotapradja Djakarta Raya in 1958. It has nothing on Gerwani as such. It notes that women could vote for the Batavia council only from 1941 and
Drafting committee of the National Council, including S.K. Trimurti for the women's group (Bintang Timur, 29 March 1958)
Bintang Timur, 29 March 1958, p. 1. Among PRRI/Sumatra war news, SEATO and Khrushchev becoming Soviet premier, the page lists the members of a Dewan Nasional drafting committee (panitya perumus) on national vigilance against foreign intervention, with S.K. Trimurti named for the 'Wanita' functional group. No Gerwani co
Drafting committee of the 4th National Council session, including S.K. Trimurti (Bintang Timur, 18 April 1958)
Bintang Timur, 18 April 1958, p. 1 (Lebaran issue; APRI landings in Sulawesi). Lists the drafting committee (panitia perumus) formed by the fourth Dewan Nasional session, chaired by Ds. W.Y. Rumambi, with S.K. Trimurti as representative of the women's group alongside Sukarni, B.M. Diah and others. Also regulations on f
Documents of the Sixth National Congress of the PKI, Jakarta, 1-14 September 1959, Vol. I
Bintang Merah special issue, vol. 1: documents of the VI National Congress of the PKI, Jakarta 7-14 September 1959 (Yayasan Pembaruan, 1960). Contains Aidit's opening speech, the Central Committee's General Report, and Programme and Constitution changes. Gerwani is not named; on women it records growing women's members
The Marriage Law, 1960 (PKI Women's Department)
PKI Women's Department brochure (March 1960) comparing the PKI fraction's 1957 marriage-law draft with the PNI initiative bill of Soemari clause by clause (monogamy, consent, age, registration), with Suharti's article.
Bali Post, 23 April 2000: interview with Ida Ayu Sutiti Wirati Diwangkara
Bali Post, 23 Apr 2000, p. 3: interview with Balinese educator and DPRGR member Ida Ayu Sutiti Wirati Diwangkara, who says she represented 'women' in the DPRGR where women's associations like Gerwani were represented; rich on women's education.
Women in the first election (Historia, 2019)
Historia article (2019) on women's wings of parties in the 1955 election (Perwamu, Parkiwa, Wanita Demokrat, Aisyiyah, Bhayangkari), noting the PKI grew close to Gerwani and that Mudigdio and Umi Sardjono entered the DPR for the PKI. Context on Gerwani and elections.