Mrs Mudigdio (PKI) in parliament on the August raid arrests (Harian Rakjat, 16 February 1952)
Harian Rakjat, 16 Feb 1952, front page continued p.4: parliamentary debate on the government's account of the August 1951 razzia (mass arrests of leftists). Nyonya Mudigdio (PKI) is reported proposing that the DPR form a committee to investigate the arrests; Sakirman (PKI) notes most victims were PKI members. A detaine
Suwarti, MP and chair of Gerwis, on the peace committee (Harian Rakjat, 3 May 1952)
Harian Rakjat, 3 May 1952. On p. 3 Suwarti, MP and general chair (ketua umum) of Gerwis, is listed among the Indonesians invited to join the preparatory committee for the Asia-Pacific Peace Conference, alongside Siauw Giok Chan, Ir. Setiadi and others. Pp. 2-3 also report May Day 1952 rallies where Gerwis marched with
Harian Rakjat, 7 July 1952: Mrs Mudigdio on attorney-general's secret circular; Wanita Demokrat rejects PP 19
Harian Rakjat, Jakarta, 7 July 1952 (full issue; pp. 2, 4 relevant). Ny. Mudigdo (Mudigdio), MP, questions the government about a secret Attorney-General circular of 1 February 1952 ordering tough action against 'press crimes'. P. 4 prints a resolution of Wanita Demokrat Indonesia opposing Government Regulation 19/1952
Harian Rakjat, 11 July 1952: DPR versus Persaja; Mrs Mudigdio on security section
Harian Rakjat, Jakarta, 11 July 1952 (full issue; p. 4 relevant). Parliamentary report in which Ny. Mudigdio is named as a member of the DPR security section during a debate on the prosecutors' association (Persaja) and on political activity by public officials. The issue otherwise has no Gerwis or Gerwani material.
Razzia Victims Committee (Sulami) meets PM Wilopo on East Java detainees (Harian Rakjat, 21 August 1952)
Harian Rakjat, 21 Aug 1952, p. 1: the central Razzia Victims Committee and its East Java branch, including Sulami, Suwarinah and Ny. Taha (central: Ny. Suprapto), met PM Wilopo and the defence minister about the detainees of the August 1952 razzia (Tanggerang camp, exile to Malang). Both ministers denied knowing of any
Harian Rakjat, 22 May 1953, p. 1
Harian Rakjat, 22 Mei 1953, hlm. 1. Front page on the Tandjung Morawa tractor incident debate in parliament; no Gerwis or women's item, but context for the agrarian conflicts later celebrated by Gerwani.
Harian Rakjat, 19 May 1954, p. 1
Harian Rakjat, 19 Mei 1954, hlm. 1. Front page for National Awakening Day and the coming election; a women's group representative among speakers at an inter-party commemoration; no Gerwis article.
Lecture by Mrs Suharti (DPP Gerwani) on the general election (Harian Rakjat, 31 January 1955)
Harian Rakjat, 31 Jan 1955, p. 2: local-news page. A short item reports a lecture by Ny. Suharti of DPP Gerwani on the coming general elections, among a series of PKI-linked election lectures and rallies in Jakarta; Gerwani lectures are also announced for 17-22 February. Most of the page is unrelated Indonesian and for
PKI candidate list: Sulami, general secretary of DPD Gerwani East Java (Harian Rakjat, 23 February 1955)
Harian Rakjat, 23 Feb 1955, p. 3: PKI's list of candidates for the 1955 election (nos. 94-117 visible, with party and non-party 'takberpartai' candidates). No. 100 is Sulami, independent, general secretary of DPD Gerwani East Java; no. 101 Suwarinah, member of DPD Gerwani East Java. Same page: Ny. Mudigdio, vice-chair
PKI candidate list: Miss Maimunah, DPD Gerwani Central Sumatra (Harian Rakjat, 10 March 1955)
Harian Rakjat, 10 Mar 1955: PKI candidate list for the 1955 election with PKI and non-party candidates for Sumatra and elsewhere. No. 11 is Nn. Maimunah (PKI), state high-school teacher and member of DPD Gerwani Sumatera Tengah, Bukittinggi. Also lists trade-union, BTI and Perbum figures; the rest of the page is film a
PKI candidate list: Mrs Charlotte Salawati (Harian Rakjat, 17 March 1955)
Harian Rakjat, 17 Mar 1955, p. 3: PKI candidate list (Sulawesi/Maluku section). No. 5 Ny. Charlotte Salawati (non-party, former deputy mayor of Makassar); no. 12 Sorongan Helena (non-party, Gerwani leader in North Sulawesi); no. 6 Henk Ngantung. Page also has sports and anti-atomic-weapons items.
Harian Rakjat, 20 May 1955, p. 1
Harian Rakjat, 20 Mei 1955, hlm. 1. Front page for National Awakening Day and the PKI's 35th anniversary; Kartini appears as the token woman pioneer; no Gerwani item.
Harian Rakjat, 21 May 1955, p. 1
Harian Rakjat, 21 Mei 1955, hlm. 1. Front page with the CC PKI anniversary message 'Perluas persatuan untuk menang dalam pemilihan umum'; women appear only in cartoons; no Gerwani item.
Harian Rakjat, 21 May 1955, p. 2
Harian Rakjat, 21 Mei 1955, hlm. 2. News page including World Peace Council prizes for 1954 (Joris Ivens) and election-sign vandalism; no Gerwis or Gerwani item.
Harian Rakjat, 22 May 1955, p. 3: special page for PKI's 35th anniversary
Harian Rakjat, 22 Mei 1955, hlm. 3: halaman khusus HUT ke-35 PKI. Special anniversary page including 'What non-party PKI candidates say': three women candidates on the PKI list for the 1955 election, with 'Emansipasi bagi kaum wanita, kata Setiati Surasto'.
Harian Rakjat, 31 August 1955, p. 4
Harian Rakjat, 31 Agustus 1955, hlm. 4. Advertisement and notice page with an election comic strip; panel 6 shows Aminah meeting Gerwani activists who organise women's teams for childcare, drinks and medical help at polling.
Harian Rakjat, 5 September 1955, p. 4
Harian Rakjat, 5 September 1955, hlm. 4. Advertisement page with a Jajasan Pembaruan offer to sell PKI literature at the 'Pesta Rakjat' and a list of 31 titles; no Gerwani item.
Umi Sardjono's General Report to the Third DPP Plenum, June 1956
Umi Sardjono's general report for the Gerwani DPP Executive to the 3rd DPP Plenary (16-19 June 1956), published by DPP Gerwani. Reviews the 1955 election campaign (23,480 new Gerwani workers; five Gerwani members elected, including Umi Sardjono and Salawati), marriage-law and anti-polygamy casework (86 of 115 cases res
Mrs Salawati Daud elected to the new DPR; inauguration of parliament and Ali cabinet (Bintang Timur, 26 March 1956)
Front page (with pp. 2-4) of Bintang Timur, Jakarta, 26 Mar 1956, on the swearing-in of 217 members of the new DPR and Ali Sastroamidjojo's cabinet. Captioned photos show Sukarno with PKI member Mudigdo and Masyumi's Mangunpuspito, and welcoming Salawati Daud, a non-party PKI candidate from Makassar. Women MPs (13 in a
Umi Sardjono joins the Development faction in the new DPR (Bintang Timur, 4 April 1956)
Front page (with pp. 2-4) of Bintang Timur, Jakarta, 4 Apr 1956. A short item on the new DPR's factions lists Umi Sardjono (Gerwani chair) among the members of the 'Pembangunan' (Development) faction, with Suprapto, Abulhayat, Runturambi, Supardi and Sujono. Headline news: government to seek full KMB abrogation and tak
Salawati Daud speaks in the DPR on DI/TII terror and security (Bintang Timur, 13 April 1956)
Front page (with pp. 2-4) of Bintang Timur, Jakarta, 13 Apr 1956, reporting the DPR's first-round debate on the Ali cabinet programme. Ch. Salawati Daud (PKI, non-party) speaks on security: she says Masyumi and DI/TII share an ideology differing only in method, urges amnesty and caution toward rebels, calls for housing
Umi Sardjono in the DPR on the Maisuri case (Bintang Timur, 17 April 1956)
Bintang Timur (Jakarta daily), 17 April 1956, full issue. The Gerwani-relevant item is a report on the DPR debate on the Ali Sastroamidjojo cabinet programme, in which Umi Sardjono (Fraksi Pembangunan) objects to a verdict punishing Maisuri for refusing a forced customary marriage and demands abolition of feudal remnan
List of Konstituante members, including Setiati Surasto and Suwardiningsih (Bintang Timur, 17 July 1956)
Bintang Timur, 17 July 1956, p. 3 (four-page issue). Continues the published lists of candidates/elected members for the Konstituante by party; among the PKI-and-allies list (OCR columns interleaved with NU, Masyumi and regional lists) appear Setiati Surasto and Suwardiningsih, alongside Nyoto and others. Remainder is
Peace council and PKI Konstituante faction: Setiati Surasto, Suwarti (Harian Rakjat, 18 February 1957)
Harian Rakjat, 18 Feb 1957, p. 3: mixed news page on Sukarno's Konsepsi and Middle East/Suez. Names Ny. Setiati Surasto and Suwarti in the PKI faction list of a 13-member Konstituante committee (with Aidit, Nyoto, Munir), and an Indian peace-council statement (Kitchlew, Rameshwari Nehru). Both are Gerwis/Gerwani figure
Mrs Ch. Salawati in parliament (Harian Rakjat, 20 February 1957)
Harian Rakjat, 20 Feb 1957, p. 2: regional and parliament news. A DPR item cites a statement by Ny. Ch. Salawati, member from South Sulawesi, apparently on the plight of ex-TKR/TRI veterans (OCR garbled). Page also covers West Irian debate (Minister Sudibyo), a ban on dancing and rock'n'roll film, and local violence.
Umi Sardjono article and Mudigdio speech in parliament; Gerwani defends menstrual leave (Harian Rakjat, 7 March 1957)
Harian Rakjat, 7 Mar 1957, p. 3: includes an article by Ny. Umi Sardjono for International Women's Day on women's struggle and rights (alongside a science piece), a DPR report with Ny. Mudigdio (PKI) speaking on 6 March, and Gerwani branch items. Notes 46 organisations including Gerwani opposing abolition of menstrual
Indonesia: Gerwani report since the Third Congress (WIDF Information Bulletin, 1958)
WIDF Information Bulletin no. 10/1958 report on Gerwani since its Third Congress (December 1957): regional conferences, new constitution (branches replace workplace branches, 20-member minimum), plan to double membership, campaign for a national marriage law against polygamy with Sumari (PNI) and Mudigdio (PKI) MPs in
Birth and Growth of the Indonesian Women's Movement, Part III (Sulami, 1959)
Part III of Sulami's 1959 history: KOWANI conflicts and 1948 Solo congress, founding of Gerwis at Semarang (4 June 1950), its 1954 renaming as Gerwani, structure with six commissions, membership growth (6,000 Java 1951; 642,460 in January 1957; 700,000 at the Third Congress, Solo, Dec 1957), 1955 election results (5 MP
Women's Political Rights, 1960 (PKI Women's Department)
Brochure from the PKI Central Committee Women's Department (Feb 1960) for International Women's Day's 50th anniversary: Mudigdio's parliamentary speech, Law 68/1958 ratifying the UN Convention on Women's Political Rights, and PKI positions in the Konstituante.
Documents of the Sixth National Congress of the PKI, Jakarta, 1-14 September 1959, Vol. I
Bintang Merah special issue, vol. 1: documents of the VI National Congress of the PKI, Jakarta 7-14 September 1959 (Yayasan Pembaruan, 1960). Contains Aidit's opening speech, the Central Committee's General Report, and Programme and Constitution changes. Gerwani is not named; on women it records growing women's members