Harian Rakjat, 26 Mei 1955, hlm. 2. News page with an Antara report on the suffering of Indonesian women married to foreigners, as written by travelling youths from Afghanistan; no Gerwani item.
Harian Rakjat, 26 Mei 1955, hlm. 3. First instalment of D.N. Aidit's address 'Lahirnja PKI dan perkembangannja' at the PKI's 35th-anniversary reception; women and Gerwani have no place in the party's official history here.
Harian Rakjat, 27 Mei 1955, hlm. 3. Concluding instalment of Aidit's 35th-anniversary address: 1945–48 errors, Madiun 1948 as a Hatta provocation, the 1951 Sukiman raids and the post-1951 line of national united front and party building.
De Locomotief, 9 June 1955: the Semarang branch of Wanita Demokrat Indonesia forms a new board (names garbled; a Soetanti and Sri Soetanti appear) and will again open a Froebel kindergarten on Jalan Karangtempel. Gerwani is not mentioned; the Soetanti here is not identified as Soetanti Aidit.
Harian Rakjat, 27 Juli 1955, hlm. 4. Page 4 of the paper before the 1955 election: SOBSI sugar workers' delegation, an Indian globe-trotter, news items; no Gerwani content.
Het Parool page item (26 Aug 1955) combining a report on an Amsterdam evening commemorating ten years of the Indonesian Republic, chaired by Prof. Wertheim (committee includes Ch. Caropeboka; speakers Berg, Romein, Geugjes and Indonesian chargé Sjarif), and unrelated heatwave photo captions. Five principles include neg
Harian Rakjat, 5 September 1955, hlm. 4. Advertisement page with a Jajasan Pembaruan offer to sell PKI literature at the 'Pesta Rakjat' and a list of 31 titles; no Gerwani item.
Harian Rakjat, 8 September 1955, hlm. 4. News and notices page: forged driving-licence ring, French military operation in Morocco, lottery results; no Gerwani content.
Harian Rakjat, 21 September 1955, hlm. 4. Feature on collective newspaper-reading groups among housewives in China, where wives learn to read and settle quarrels; context for women and literacy in the PKI press.
Dutch newspaper column of brief news (1955-09-22, p. 2); only the final item concerns Indonesia: per the daily Pedoman, women leaders will ask PM Harahap to keep Sukarno's second wife out of the Bogor palace, claiming he broke a promise. Text breaks off. Other items are unrelated. Gerwani not named.
'News in brief' column, Provinciale Overijsselsche en Zwolsche Courant (24 Sep 1955). One item, 'Woman against woman', cites Pedoman: leaders of Indonesian women will ask Premier Harahap to keep Sukarno's second wife out of the Bogor palace, saying he broke a promise. Text breaks off. Other items unrelated; no Gerwani
Harian Rakjat, 24 September 1955, hlm. 4. Advertisement page before the 29 September 1955 election with a news item on domestic textile industry; no Gerwani item.
Arnhemsche Courant, 27 Sept 1955: preview of Indonesia's first general elections (29 Sept), expecting a communist-Masjumi contest and noting that women have emerged as a political force within existing parties. Gerwani is not named; useful context for the 1955 elections.
Nieuwe Tilburgsche Courant, 27 September 1955, p. 5: preview of Indonesia's first general election, with about 43 million voters, 63 parties and symbol-based ballots for illiterates (hammer and sickle versus buffalo head). It expects a PKI-Masjumi contest and notes that Indonesian women have emerged as a political forc
Nijmeegsch Dagblad (27 Sep 1955) pre-election report on Indonesia's first general elections: 43 million voters, 63 parties, expected Masyumi–PKI contest, PKI hoping for 5 million votes. Notes women emerging as a political force within parties, citing a Masyumi women's rally; Gerwani is not named.
Reuter pre-election report (27 Sep 1955) on Indonesia's first general elections: 43 million voters, 63 parties, a Masyumi–PKI contest, PKI hoping for 5 million votes. Mentions women's political activity within parties via a Masyumi women's rally; Gerwani not named.
Reuter pre-election report (27 Sep 1955) on Indonesia's first general elections: 43 million voters, 63 parties, a Masyumi–PKI contest, PKI hoping for 5 million votes. Mentions women's political activity within parties via a Masyumi women's rally; Gerwani not named. Same text as the Ons Noorden item, here in Overijssels
Reuter pre-election report (27 Sep 1955) on Indonesia's first general elections: 43 million voters, 63 parties, a Masyumi–PKI contest, PKI hoping for 5 million votes. Women emerge as a political force within parties; Gerwani is not named.
Reuter pre-election report (27 Sep 1955) on Indonesia's first general elections: 43 million voters, 63 parties, a Masyumi–PKI contest, PKI hoping for 5 million votes. Women emerge as a political force within parties; Gerwani is not named. Version in Zutphens Dagblad also quotes a Masyumi women's rally of about 1,000 wh
Nieuwsblad voor de Hoeksche Waard en IJselmonde, 28 September 1955, p. 1: preview of Indonesia's first general election with 43 million voters and 63 parties, expecting a PKI-Masjumi contest. It notes women as a political force within existing parties, citing a Masjumi women's meeting of about 1,000. Gerwani is not nam
Het Parool column 'P.N.I.' (11 Nov 1955) analysing the 1955 Indonesian election result: the PNI did well despite corruption; Sukarno's second marriage (Hartini) had been thought to hurt him as it moved many prominent Indonesian women to militant counter-action, but the fight against polygamy was a concern of a handful
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 15 November 1955, p. 1: hostile Dutch editorial on Sukarno's Heroes' Day speech alleging a foreign plot. Among causes of his declining popularity it lists 'the indignation of the organised Indonesian women, who do not appreciate the marriage escapades of their president'. Gerwani is not name
Short De Nieuwsgier list (24 Dec 1955) of Universitas Indonesia medical students who passed examinations; "Mrs. Soetanti Aidit" passed the doctor's exam A1 (first part). Soetanti was D.N. Aidit's wife; Gerwani is not mentioned.
De Locomotief, 27 Dec 1955: list of passes in Jakarta medical faculty examinations; 'Miss Soetanti Aidit' passed the first part of her exam. Gerwani is not mentioned and the item does not state she is D.N. Aidit's relative.
De Nieuwsgier report (27 Dec 1955) on a parliamentary interpellation by PKI-aligned members (Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs. Suwarti, Sumadi, Djoko Sudjono, Utarjo) on the government's foreign-investment policy, asking about foreign monopoly capital, profit transfers and trade with East and West. Gerwani is not mentioned.
De Locomotief, 28 Dec 1955: PKI parliamentarians Sakirman, Tjugito, Suwarti, Sumadi and Utarjo submit a written interpellation on foreign capital, claiming colonial-era extraction and restored monopoly under the 1949 RTC accords, with eight questions to the Burhanuddin government. Suwarti is a woman PKI MP; Gerwani is
Java-Bode, 28 December 1955, p. 2: short item that PKI parliamentary members Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs Suwarti, Achmad Sumadi, Sudjono and S. Utarjo submitted a written interpellation request on foreign capital investment policy. Mrs Suwarti is the only female PKI member named; no Gerwani content.
One-sentence item, Indische Courant voor Nederland, 7 Jan 1956, p. 1: PKI faction MPs Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs Suwarti, Achmad Sumadi, Sudjono and S. Utarjo file a written interpellation request on foreign capital investment policy. Mrs Suwarti's identity as a Gerwani member is not stated.
Java-Bode, 10 February 1956, p. 2: parliamentary debate on the bill creating autonomous regions in Central Sumatra. PKI member Mrs Suwarti argued it was premature, as the current parliament no longer has popular support; Zainal Abidin Ahmad, Djuir Muhammad and Abdulhajat proposed amendments or objected. No Gerwani cont
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 18 Feb 1956, p. 2: parliamentary debate on bills creating autonomous regions in Central Sumatra and on Emergency Law No. 7. Mrs Suwarti (PKI) argues the present parliament, no longer supported by the people, should be replaced before such a law is discussed. Her Gerwani affiliation is n