Gerwani endorses prosecutor's demand against Jungschlager (Bintang Timur, 28 February 1956)
Front page (with pp. 2-4) of Bintang Timur, Jakarta, 28 Feb 1956, dominated by the KMB abrogation debate and the Masyumi/PNI-NU stand-off. A short item reports Gerwani welcoming and endorsing the prosecutor's demand against the Dutch defendant Jungschlager, calling it commensurate with his crimes. Other items cover the
Berita Yudha, 28 May 1966
Berita Yudha, 28 Mei 1966. Mahmillub trial of ex-Air Force Maj. Sujono: Heru Atmodjo says Sujono was responsible for training PR, SOBSI and Gerwani at Lubang Buaya; deputy Gatot Sukrisno says about 4,000 trained.
Berita Yudha, 30 July 1966
Berita Yudha, 30 Juli 1966. Interview with Mahmillub spokesman Ali Said: trials of Latief and PKI leaders in regions, and under the sub-heading 'Orang Gerwani juga' Gerwani people will also be tried.
Lively discussion: twenty years of the Dutch Women's Movement
De Waarheid, 7 Nov 1966, p. 3: report on the NVB's 20th-anniversary congress and gathering in Amsterdam. Chair Heiltje de Vos recalls NVB solidarity with Indonesia and proudly notes that first NVB chair Trees Sunito-Heyligers recently defended PKI leader Njono before the generals' military tribunal in Jakarta. Greeting
Harian Kami, 5 July 1967: Sudisman's lawyers and witnesses
Harian Kami, 5 Juli 1967. List of Sudisman's three defence lawyers and 22 witnesses for his Mahmillub trial includes two Gerwani leaders with underground aliases, including Sulami (alias Siti Alfiah).
Angkatan Bersendjata, 8 May 1969
Angkatan Bersendjata, 8 Mei 1969. Antara: a military court in Tanjungkarang sentenced warrant officer Fauzi Totong, Natar (Lampung) officer, to seven years for rape and adultery against detained Gerwani women; evidence of sexual violence against detainees.
Torture of the generals recounted: testimony of Emi Marijam (Kompas, 12 January 1971; JPRS translation)
JPRS translation of Kompas, 12 Jan 1971: Emi Marijam, 24, described as a Jakarta Gerwani activist, testifies as witness in the subversion trial of Pemuda Rakjat secretary-general Sukatno. She says she and three women were assigned to torture the generals at Lubang Buaja, gouging eyes for one million rupiah, after train
Abadi, 17 February 1973, p. 1: After Munir, Six More
Harian Abadi, 17 Feb 1973, p. 1: Jakarta prosecutors prepare six more 'PKI ringleader' case files after Muhamad Munir's trial, stressing that one is 'a Gerwani named Sulami'.
Berita Harian, 9 May 1973: first woman to be tried over 1965 coup attempt (Sumali)
Berita Harian, 9 May 1973 (Reuters, lead only). A court spokesman said the first woman to be tried over the 1965 coup attempt would soon appear in a local court: Sumali, described as a leader of Gerwani, the PKI women's wing.
Former Gerwani chair jailed (Berita Harian, 1974)
Berita Harian, 12 February 1974, p. 3, AP: a court in Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, sentences Mrs Amnah, former Gerwani chair, to life imprisonment for involvement in the PKI's failed 1965 'power seizure' (per Radio Jakarta); Maryo, ex-chair of the BTI, gets 20 years. Shows continuing New Order trials of Gerwani leader
TAPOL Bulletin no. 9, March 1975: Women on Trial
TAPOL Bulletin no. 9 (March 1975) front page 'Women on Trial': photo of Sulami, Sudjinah, Sri Ambar Rukmiati and Suharti Harsono at their 3 Feb 1975 trial for subversion, with a Lubang Buaya sewing-and-cooking allegation. Early international attention to Gerwani trials.
Subversion Trial of Four Gerwani Leaders (FBIS, 3 Feb 1975)
Short FBIS item (Jakarta radio, 3 Feb 1975): four leaders of the PKI-affiliated Gerwani, Mrs Sri Ambar, Sujinah, Sulami and Suharti, went on trial in the Central Jakarta district court on subversion, conspiracy and rebellion charges linked to Gestapu-PKI. The report calls them the first PKI woman leaders to be tried.
Tribunal sentences Gerwani leader (Balikpapan)
De Waarheid, 12 Jun 1975, p. 1: short report that a tribunal in Balikpapan (East Kalimantan) sentenced Sutinah Wiryosutejo, a leader of the women's organisation Gerwani, to twenty years' imprisonment, ten years after Suharto's coup, on charges of 'participation in the 1965 coup' that the paper calls false. OCR partly g
Jakarta (Reuter): female communist leader sentenced
Trouw (12 Jun 1975), short Reuter dispatch via Antara: Sutinah Wiryosutejo (Sutinah Wiryosutedjo), a former member of the banned women's organisation Gerwani, sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment for involvement in the 1965 'coup'. The court found her role proven the week before. Names a Gerwani member tried long after
Release demanded for four women in Indonesia (Sulami and others)
ANP item in De Volkskrant (19 Jun 1975): the Dutch Women's Movement demanded immediate release of four Indonesian women, Sulami, Sri Ruhimirjati (probably Sri Ambar Rukmiati), Sudjinah and Suharti (surname garbled), for whom prosecutors sought 20 years to life after about seven years of detention, partly for collecting
Daily World, 26 July 1975: Women leaders jailed by Indonesian junta
Daily World (New York), 26 July 1975, p. 9: Foreign Department report that a Jakarta court on 16 June 1975 sentenced four women after a five-month trial: Sulami (general secretary of the Indonesian Women's Movement, 20 years), Sudjinah (magazine editor, 18), Sri Ambar (SOBSI women's section, 15) and Suharti Alimarkaban
TAPOL Bulletin no. 11, August 1975, on the 'show trials' ahead of the tenth anniversary. Key item (p.3): four women, including Gerwani General Secretary Sulami, sentenced after a five-month trial to 15-20 years for subversion (helping the PKPS movement, illegal cells, alleged recruitment of cooks and seamstresses for L
Trial against Tanti Aidit
De Waarheid, 25 Jul 1978, p. 2: report that the army paper Berita Yudha says a charge has been drawn up against Tanti (Soetanti) Aidit, physician and widow of PKI chair D.N. Aidit, arrested after 1965; she will be tried on allegations that as a board member of Gerwani she was involved in the '30 September Movement'. Th
JPRS 72231 (14 November 1978): Trial of Tanti Aidit and Sulami
JPRS 72231, Translations on South and East Asia No. 789 (14 Nov 1978), mostly economic and military news. Two Indonesian items matter: Angkatan Bersenjata (8 Jul 1978) reports that Dr Tanti Aidit, widow of D.N. Aidit, described as a Gerwani leader, will be tried for subversion (second Gerwani case after Sulami and thre
TAPOL Bulletin No. 37, January 1980: Indonesia's Political Trials
TAPOL Bulletin no. 37 (London, January 1980): editorial on the end of KOPKAMTIB's release plan, plus Julie Southwood's long study of 1,014 political trials since 1966. It notes the 1965 Lubang Buaya claim that communist women castrated the generals, and the 1975 subversion trial of Gerwani's Sulami and Sudjinah, with S
Trial will not go ahead (Tanti Aidit)
Short De Waarheid item (6 Mar 1980, p.9): the planned trial of Tanti Aidit after twelve years' detention will not go ahead. It argues she had nothing to do with the 'CIA-organised coup' and her only offence was Gerwani board membership, naming Suharti, Sudjinah and Shri Ambar as fellow Gerwani women who also paid.
Untung (Djoko Untung and Gatot Sutarjo sentenced to death)
De Waarheid item (21 Aug 1985, p.3) profiling death-row PKI prisoners Djoko Untung and Gatot Sutarjo, sentenced at Blitar on 2 Jan 1976, with Suharto rejecting clemency. Untung's wife Natsia, a known East Java Gerwani member, was arrested in 1968 and still imprisoned; Sutarjo's wife Poedji Aswati was jailed for 15 year
Tempo, 29 August 1999: Interview with Sulami - 'I have an obsession to expose the G30S killings'
Tempo interview (29 Aug 1999) with Sulami, former Deputy Secretary-General II of Gerwani, with a short biography: arrested 12 Feb 1967 on Amir Machmud's order, tried 1975, released 1984, torture by rattan between fingers and threats of rape; founded the 1965-66 victims research foundation. She denies any Gerwani role a
Annie Pohlman's 2004 article on what happened to Gerwani women and other tapol at arrest, trial, detention and release, using Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs and interviews; notes no woman arrested over Lubang Buaya was ever tried for it. Early study of women prisoners.