Peking Review No. 43, 22 Oktober 1965 (Drastic changes in Indonesian political situation; Gerwani office burnt)

PDF: 01 Primary Sources/1.5 Newspapers and Periodicals/Peking Review and Chinese periodicals (1958-1966) - issues on Gerwani/Peking Review (1965-10-22) - No. 43, Djakarta calls to dissolve PKI and Women's Movement of Indonesia [MIA PR1965-43].pdf Text from the PDF text layer; pages marked "re-OCR’d Oct 18 2026" were re-OCR’d with Tesseract because the text layer scored Poor. OCR errors remain. === [PDF page 1] === PEKING,, REVIEW? PROTEST TO INDONESIAN Me GOVERNMENT Indonesian army unit’s raid on Chinese Commercial Counsellor’s Office in Djakarta A. Drastic Changes in Indonesian Political Situation fh A round-up report by Hsinhua News Agency A Sino-Cambodian Friendship 1. Premier Chou En-lai speaks on relations between the two nations | 2. Vice-Premier Chen Yi's speech AR 3. Prince Sihanouk’s report on his visits to China and Korea Foreign Ministry Note to India Denouncing India’s attempt to deny its responsibilities for aggression [re-OCR’d Oct 18 2026: tesseract 200 dpi, replaces text-layer text for this page] === [PDF page 2] === owe Subscribe to The English Language | Magazines of China PEKING REVIEW A weekly magazine of China’s views on current international questions, -theoretica] articles and important documents, and cuthoritative coverage of developments in China, with ifustraticns, cortcons, mops and charts. Airmailed to subscribers the world cver. CHINA RECONSTRUCTS A popular, illustrated monthly magazine. ft describes economic achievements in China’s socialist construction and her social and cultural progress, explains what animates the staunch and self-reliant spirit of the Chinese people, and introduces China's traditional arts. Also included are articles on Chinese history, current affairs and subjects of general interest. Features include a Chinese language column and children’s page. A monthly magazine bringing you the works of contemporary Chinese writers, selections from Chinese classical literature, folk tales of the different nationalities in China, literary and art criticism, and reports on cultural events. Each issue also contains reproductions of classical and modern paintings, Distributed by: GUOZI SHUDIAN (China Publications Centre) P.O. Box 399, Peking, China Order from your local dealer [re-OCR’d Oct 18 2026: tesseract 200 dpi, replaces text-layer text for this page] === [PDF page 3] === REVIEW Atme. A{assamba-Debat and Mme. relations between the people and women of phina, the Congo (B) and,L 4. [q,e Aly Sabry in Peking Mme. Alphonse Massamba-Debat, the U.A.R. (BEIJTNG ZITOUBAO) Mme. Massamba-Debat said in her wife of the President of the Republic speech that her present visit to China A WEEKLY MAGAZINE OF CHINFSE of the Congo (Brazzaville), and Mme. A1y Sabry, wife of the Vice- "will add a new chapter to the NEWS AND Vtn^rSi President of the United Arab Repub- sincere and fraternal friendship October 22, 1965 Vol. VIII No.43 lic, arrived in Peking on the same which binds the Congo and China. plane on October 17. Tt"y have It is a striking demonstration of a come to visit China at the invitation co-operation which is being constant- CONTENTS of Wang Kuang-mei, the wife of ly strengthened and which registers Chairman Liu Shao-chi. and Teng greater success with each passing THE WEEK Yingdrao, the wife of Premier Chou day." She reaffirmed her country's ARTIOLES & DOCUMEITf{i ED-Iai support for the restoration of China's China Lodges Strong Protest With legitimate rights in the United Na- Indonesian Government 04 the- eyening of their arrival tions and in all other international Ilsinhua Statement Concerning Mme, Nlassamha-Debat and Mme- organizations, from which the rep-.Indonesian Army Paper's Anti- A1y Sabry were invited to a banquet resentatives of the puppet Chiang China Fabrication by Chairman Liu Shao-chi and his Kai-shek should be expelled. "The Sudden, Drastic Changes in Indonesian Political Situation wife, Wang Kuang-mei, and Premier Congc firmly supports the just strug- Chou En-Iai and his wife, Teng Ying- gle of the valiant Chinese people for Renmin Ribao Publishes Materials on Current Political Sitrauon chao. Speakrng at the banquet, both the liberation of Taiwan, which is in Indonesia t hcts and guesc toas:ed the gror.,-ing nos' occupied by U.S. imperialism," U.S.-South Vietnamese Air At- friendship between the peopi.es and she riecl.ared. tacks on Chmbodian Village women of China, t:he Congo (B) and Condemned the U.A.R. Mme. -dy Sabry- said at the ban- For Final Victory Over U.S. Im- quet that the slro;:g ties and close perialism Wang Kuang-mei extended her co-operation between the rsomen of China Dares to Run Risks to warmest welcome to Mme. Massam- People's China and the UA.R. rr,'ere Thoroughly Defeat U.S. Imperialism ba-Debat and N{me. AIy Sabry. Pay- being steadily developed. She noted China's Warning to U.S. Imperial- ing tribute to the people of the Con- that the women of both countries ists Helps World Peace 18 go (B) for firmly rebuffing U.S. imwere doing their bit to help their Prince Sihanouk's Report on Visits perialism's provocations, she said: respective countries get rid of the to China and Korea 19 "The Chinese people resolutely stand backwardness inherited from the past Chinese Foreign Ministry Denoun- on the side of the Congolese people and eliminate all the remnants of ces India's Attempt to Deny Its Rcsponsibiiity for Aggression and support them in their jusl strugcolonialism. She rvished the Chinese Chinese Defence Ministry Warns gle against U.S. imperialism and its \r'omen happiness and Progress. India to Stop AII Provocations lackelrs." Praising the United Arab T'he Ttrree Indian Soldiers Con- Republic for safeguarding its naticnfess Their Ctime of Intruding Into China al independence and developing its Chairman i{ao Receives national econom]-. she said: ''The Mme. Aly Sabry The Awakening American Peopie Are Marching Forward and Chinese people firmly support the Fighting 24 people of the U.A.R- and other Arab Chairman Mao Tse-tung received countries in their struggle against Mme. Aly Sabry on October 19. The "Stop the War in Viet Narn Now!" % AII Our Work Is for the Revolu- imperialism and o1d and new colo- same duy, the National Women's tion 27 nialism and against Israel the tool Federation gave a tea PartY in her of U.S. imperialist aggression." She honour. In the evening, U.A.R. Am- ROUND THE WORLI) 30 expressed admiration for the women bassador to China Zakaria E1-AdlY of the Congo (B) and of the U.A.R. Iman and his wife held a banquet in taking an active part in the anti- for Mme. Aly Sabry. Premier Chou Published every Fridoy by PEKING REVIEV/ Poi Won Chuong; Peking (3|, Chino imperialist struggle. She was con- En-lai and Vice-Premier Chen Yi and Post Office Registrotion No. 2-92, fident that the distinguished guests' his wife were among those who at- Cqble Address: Peking 2910 Printed in the People's Republic ol Chino visit would strengthen the friendly tended. Mme. Massamba-Debat, wife October 22, 7965 === [PDF page 4] === of the President of the Congo (B), was Chairman Mao and the Communist Civil War (1927-37). The Vice-Prealso present Party. He praised them for having mier recalled with them their revsuccessfully transformed a feudal, olutionary struggle in the past and Central Delegation Concludes backward Sinkiang into a prosperous urged them and the young workers Sinkiang Visit new region under the guidance of to carry on the glorious tradition of the Party's general line for building the Red Army, study hard and Vice-Premier Ho Lung, Member socialism. He said: "This proves that wholeheartedly serve the people. of the Political Bureau of the Central the people of all the nationalities in Committee of the Chinese Commu- Sinkiang are great peoplerindus- Autumn Fair Opens nist Party and head of the central trious, courageous and u,ith firm delegation sent by the Party's Cen- determination. They are good sons The 1965 Autumn Export Commodtral Ccmmittee and the State Coun- and daughters of our country." He ities Fair which opened in Canton cil, returned to Peking on October expressed confidence that, under the on October 15 is the biggest since 13 from Urumchi after attending the guidance cf the Chinese Communist these twice-a-year fairs (in April and 10th anniversary celebrations of the Party, they would defeat aII enemies October) began in 1957. Some 2,000 Sinkiang Uighur Autonomous Region. of the hostile classes, overcome every businessmen from abroad \\:ere Pres- Before their departure from difficulty and advance from victory ent in this city in subtroPical to victory. Kwangtung Province to sell their Urumchi, Vice-Premier Ho Lung and own products and to buy from a his delegation were entertained at a Vice-Premier Ho Lung and mem- wider than ever range of Chinese banquet given by the Sinkiang bers of the central delegation spent products. Uighur Regional Committee of the eight days in Urumchi after their Chinese Communist Party and the arrival on September 27. Later, they Contributions from the ruial peoregion's People's Council. In his toured the region in six groups and ple's communes and industrial enterbanquet sp,eech, First Secretary of met oilfield q'orkers in Karamai, col- prises a reflection of the nation's outstanding gains in socialist con- Iege students in Shih Ho Tze, as well En-mao said: "The People of all the as herdsmen, men of the People's struction make for the greater nationalities in Sinkiang are closely scope - variety available. A total and Liberation Army and local governlinked with our Party. Mao Tse- ment functionaries. of 30,000 items, 7,000 of which are tung's thinking has taken deep roots new machinery, clothing and handiin this region. Be it the imperialists, Ho Lung and his colleagues went craft products, are on display. In modern revisionists or the reaction- to Ining in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous addition, there, are samples of new aries, no one can undermine the soli- Chou on October 4 where they soya bean strains. Exhibits of grain, darity among the people of all the visited the Fourth Brigade of the oil products and foodstuffs are nearly nationalities in Sinkiang, sabotage Red Star People'p Commune. IIe 50 per cent more than this year's the unification of our motherland, congratulated the commune members spring fair. Many of the light inor obstruct the Sinkiang people dustrial goods have b,een selected for their success in bringing in a from the wide variet-v of products from marching forward on the road of socialist revolution and socialist rich fruit crop. On October 8, they turned out on a nation\r'ide scale. construction." visited a reclamation base of the Sinkiang Production and Construc- The fair which is known to busi- Vice-Premier Ho Lung. in his tion Corps ln the Urumchi area where nessmen and traders all over the speech, said that what most imprer Vice-Premier IIo Iarng met some world is sponsored by foreign trade sed him and members of his delega- veteran gue-rilla fighters who were corporations in China and is aimed tion during their tour of the region under his command in the Red Army at promoting trade on the basis of was the deep love of the people for during the Second Revolutionary equality and mutual benefit. For Postponement of Africon-Asiqn Congolese (Brazzaville) President Alphonse Massamba-Debat. replying Conference to questions from correspondents The Tanzanian Government on for the proposed Afro-Asian Con- concerning the conference upon his Oetober LB issued a statement declar- ference in Algiers. As the Governarrival in Bangui on October 17 to ing that the Second African-Asian ment felt it unable to send a represen- attend the conference of the heads of state of the four member countries ConJerence scheduled to be held in tative to Algiers to attend the cur- Algiers should be postponed indef- rent committee meeting, it is neces- of the Equatorial Africa Customs sary to make clear Tanzania's view to postponing the Second A1rican- The statement reads: "Tanzania is that the conference should be post- Asian Conference in order to ensure a member of the Steering Committee poned indefinitely." its success. 4 Peking Reoiew, No. 43 === [PDF page 5] === Chino Lodges Strong Protest With lndonesion Goyernment Chino demonds thot the lndonesion Govemment opologize fior Ore ottock on ond seorch of the Chinese Commerciol Counsellort Office in Djokorto, punish the culprits ond those who instigoted them, ond guorontee ogoinst similoi incidents in the future. Since. October 1, lies ond slonders obout Chino ond onti-Chinese outcries hove been heord continuously in Indonesio ond ott kinds of threots ond intimidotion hove been mode ogoinst Chinese diplomotic missions there. The lndonesisn Oor.rnr"nt hqs oll olong condoned these octivities. This fully shows thot this outroge is by no meons occidentol. An onti-Chinese wove is storting in lndonesio, onJ if it is not checked the consequences will be serious. On October 18, Han Nien-lung, Chinese Vice- q'ay. Ttrese illegal atrocities lasted till 19:3b hours. Minister of Foreign Affairs, stmmoneil Djau;oto, Inilo- Ttre officer commanding the group of armed troops nesiun Ambassador to China, ot 77:J0 a-m. ond handed stated that they were dispatched by the Djakarta him a note uhich strongly protested against the raid military area headquarters and rrere performing duty on the Commerciol Couitsellorrs Office o! the Chinese upon. orders of the Government. Embassg in Inilonesia bg lnd.onesian armeil torces ani! The above-mentioned atrocities by the armed troops their threats and i.nsults against Chinese diplomatic of Indonesia constitute a brutal encroachment upon personnel. Follouting is the tert of the note.-ild.. diplomatic immunities and the personal safety and rflfE Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Re- dignity of diplomatic personnel, a gross violation ol r public of China presents its compliments to the international law and international practice, and an ex- Indonesian.Embassy in China and has the honour to tremely serious provocation against the Peop1e's Restate the follorving rvith regard to the extremely seri.ous public of China and the Chinese people. The Chinese incident of Indonesian armed troops attacking and people and the Chinese Government express their great searching the Office of the Commercial Counsellor of indignation at thse atrocities. The Chinese Governthe Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Indo= ment hereby lodges a strong protest *-ith the Indonesian nesia and threatening and insulting Chinese diplomatic Government. personnel: Si.nce October 1, lies and slanders about China and At 18:15 hours Djakarta time on October 16, 1965, anti-Chinese clamours have continuously appeared in more than 40 Indonesian soldiers armed with loaded lndonesia and all klnds of threat and intimidation have rifles suddenly surrounded the Office of the Commer- been made against the Chinese diplomatic missions in cial Counsellor of the Embassy of the People's Repub- Indonesia. The Chinese Embassy in Indonesia repeatedlic of China on Tjilosari Road, Djakarta. They tried ly requested the Indonesian Government to stop th.ese to break in by banging on the gate with rifle butts and activities and asked it to take measures to protect the loudly threatened to set fire to the buildings and to Chinese missions and personnel. But the Indonesian kill ail the personnel of the office. The Chinese per- Government has all along been condoning the i.ncreassonnel explained to them over and over that the office ingiy ulru-l5' anti-Chrnese activlties. Nory there has was a diplomatic mission of the Pmple's Republic of el-en occurred this serious incident of Indonesian armed China and that they had no right to enter- These troops attacking and searching a Chinese mission and armed troops claimed that they had the right to search threatening and insulting Chinese diplomatic personnel no matter what dipiornatic missions, and thereupon This fully shorvs that this incident is by no means acciopened fire and barged in by force. They threatened dental. An anti-Chinese wave is starting in Indonesia, the staff of the Oifice of the Commercial Counsellor and if it is not checked the consequences will be serious. with bayonets, forbade them to move, and searched and The Chinese Government demands that the Indoquestioned them one by one. In the office-rooms of nesian Government apologize for this incident, immethe Office of the Commercial Counsellor, they ripped diately punish the culprits and their instigators, and open boxes and cupboards with bayonets, searched for guarantee against similar incidents in the future. The documents and looted valuables. At the same time, they Chinese Government reserves the right to claim comintruded into the residence of the staff of the Office pensation from the Indonesian Government for all the of the Commercial Counsellor, where they ransacked losses incurred. suitcases and wardrobes and did extensive damage.. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs avails itself of this They even pushed and struck Chinese Commercial opportunity to renew to the Embassy the assurances of Attache Li Ching-tang, behaving in a most uncivilized its highest consideration- October 22, 1965 === [PDF page 6] === Hsinhuo Stqtement Concerning Indonesion l---- Army Pqper's Anti-Chino Fobricotion I The lndoneslon Rightists creoted yorious ineidenb to sobotoge Sino-lndonesion relotions so os to pursue on cntl-Chino, onti-communist ond onti-populor policy, to coter for the needs of U,S, imperiolism ond its lcckeys. rftHE Hsinhua News Agency has been authorized to lowed this practice in aecordanee with this rule. No f make a statement concerning the lies invented foreign eountrlr has ever raised any objection to this by the Indonesian army paper, The Armed Forees, in practice by the Chinese diplomatie organizations, nor connection r.vith ttre flr,rng of flag at half mast to strr has it any justification to do so. In the past when some up anti-China sentiments. The statement reads: high officials of Indonesia died, the Chinese Embassy "The organ of the Indonesian army authorities, there did not fly flag at half mast. Similarl-r'. when The Armed Forces, published a story on October 16 some Chinese Party and governrnent leaders died, which said: 'Radio of the Republic of Indonesia China never asked the Indonesian and other foreign reported yesterday that the Indonesian Government, Embassies in Peking to fly flag at haif mast. through its Foreign Ministry spokesman Ganis Harsono, "During the period when flags rvere to fly at half had lodged protests with the Embassies of the People's mast throughout Indonesia for the seven army officers Republic of China and Cuba against their refusal to urider a decision of 'rhe Indonesian authorities. foreign fly their flags at half mast to pay tribute to the seven Fmbassies!s fnflqD6sie either flerr flags at half mast, revolutionary heroes who fell in tle "September 30 fuIl East or not at rll But the Indoneian Rightists movement." As is rrell krror*-r1 it has been decided by si4lcd the Chincse Ernhassy out for unbridled attacks the Indonesian Government ttrat, during the peritd of for mt fiying flag at haE mast ltis is obviously part mourning. flags be flos,n at half mast for a week to of their sche*re to whip Ep eo anti{hinese eampaign. iray Eibute to the seven Indonesian revolutionary "Si.nce Indonesia's army authorities gained conheroes. The two Embassies mentioned above deliber- trol of Djakarta and other places, hooligans acting on atety paid no heed to the decision of the Indonesian instruction and with others' connivance have inces- Governrnent, and persisted in their own way to fly santly staged anti-China demonstiations, shouted antitheir flags full mast. Their behaviour has aroused China slogans and distributed anti-China leaflets. doubts among the public and indirectty hurt the feel- Volumes of anti-China lies and slanders have appeared ings of the Indonesian nation.' in newspapers which have permission to continue publi- "Hsinhua News Agency is hereb5- authorized to cation. On October 16, a unit of the Indonesian armed state: The report of the paper The Armeil Forces thai forces even openly raided and searehed the Commercial the Indonesian Government has lodged a protest with Counsellor's Office of the Chinese Embassy. Obviously, the Chinese Embassf in Indonesia is a sheer fabrication tb obiect of these Rightists was to create various in- The Chinese Embassy has never recreived any such ci&ts to sabotage the friendly relations between 'protest'; if there had been such an uniustifiable 'pro- Clrinr rrd ludonesia and between the Chinese and Intest,' the Chinese Embassy rvould have categorically dorresien Fcodes so as to pursue an anti-China, antirejected and refuted it. communist end. anti-popular policy which they have "It was entirely Indonesia's internal affair that the already begun, to calq for the aeeds of U.S. imperial- Indonesian authorities decided that flags be flown at ism and its lackeys. half mast in mourning for the seven army officers. '!The Chinese Ernbassy in Indonesia has, in face of It was entirely a matter within Chinese sovereignty threats and provocations by the Indonesian Rightists, that the Chinese Embassy in Indonesia, abiding by a persisted in acting in accordanee with the rules of its rule of its own Governrneut, did not fly flag at half owR cou*try. This is absoluteiy proper. Chinese Ammast. This is a matter whieh brooks no interference bassador Yao Chung-ming has, in eonneetion with the by anybody. lies spread by the paper?he Armed Forces, sent a letter "The Chinese Government has laid dorvn a rule to Indonesian Vice-Foreign Minister Harsono demading regarding the flying of flag at half mast or not at half public clarification- If the Indonesian Rightists considmast by its Embassy in a foreign country. That is: er it necessary to take more undisguised and moie flag will be flou'n at half mast when the head of state rahid auti-China actions, it is your 'freedom.' Ilowever, of the eountry where the Chinese Embassy is located we would like to remind you that the Chinese people dies or when the leader of the fraternal Party of a are uot to be bullied at will by anyone. The great socialist counhry dies; flag will not be flown at half ftiendship between the Chinse and Indone5ien p€omast when other,leaders or ordinary offieials pass away. ples eannot be underrnined hy a hardful of persons Chinese Embassies in foreign countries have always fol- Iike you." 6 Peking Reuieu, No. 43 === [PDF page 7] === Sudd€il, Drsstic Chonges in lndonesion Politicol Situotion - Hsinhuo News Agency Round-Up Report - October 19, 1965 q UDDEN and drastic political changes have taken They hoped that President Sukarno would die of the v place in Indonesia since the night of September 30. illness, but their hopes did not materialize. To attain At present in the capii-I, Djakarta and some other tbeir ends, ihey ttrerefore planned to stage a show of cities under the rnilitarjr control of the Indoueslan army force on Armed Forces Dal on October i of this year, authorities, Communists and other progressives are by bringing in toops from east, central and rvest Java. being arreted. The headquarters of the Indonesian There was even a plan by the Council of Generals to Comrnunist Parlr and offices of many mass organiza- start a eoup d'etat before October 5 through the contions have been burnt dorvn or wrecked, numerous Left- centration of a large military force in Djakarta.,, wing or middle-of-the-road netvspapers, including Harian Rakjat, organ of the Central Committee of the The communique rvent on to say: "Lieutenant- Indonesian Communist Party, have been banned, many Colonel Untung, commander of the September B0 movecolleges and other institutions have been closed do*-n, ment, explained that the movement was purely one and the Indonesian Communist Party a.nd mAny pi'G- rrithin the army and was directed against the Council gressive mass organizations outlawed- of Generals tvhich had done things besmirching the reputadoo of the army and harboured criminal designs From Oetober I to the morning of October 16, this against the Rcpubtr.ic of Incionesia and President news agency did not receive a single report from'its Sukarno," own correspondent in Djakarta, owing to the control of radio and tele-communications by the Indonesian army It said that Lieutenant-Colonel Untung considered that "he is duty-bound to ensure the safet-v of the authorities. At the present time, therefore, we can only President and the Republic of Indonesia; it was. theregive a round-up report on Indonesian political developfore, necessary for him to launch the movement." It ments in the past two rveeks or more on the basis of announced that a number of generals had been arested Indonesian radio and press reports and foreign nervs and t-hat President Sukarno was safe and sound. agency dispatches: The September 30 movement also announced the September 30 Movement Announces tt Hos Token formation of an Indonesian Revolutionary Council. The L Action Agoinst q Eubyersive ltlorement Engineered by communique added that the council "wiJI staunchly The U.S. Centrsl lntelligence Agenct carry out the 'five amulets' of the revolution (editorial noter the 'five amulets'are, one, NASAKOM: the unity According to an announcement of the Radio of the of the nationalists, reiigious believers and Communists; Republic of Indonesia on October 1, a September 30 two, Pantjasila: the five principles upon which the Inmovement headed by Lieutenant-Colonel Untuag; com- donesian state is based, namely, nationalism, internamander of the Tjakrabirawa Battalion of President tionalism or humanism, the system of consultation or Sukarno's guards, issued a press communique announc- democracy, social prosperity, and belief in God; three, ing that on September 30 in Djakarta, with the the, Political Manifesto the speech delivered by Suassistance of other branches of the armed ser-vices, the karno on August 17, 1959 - and entitled 'The Rediscovery fnovement had taken acfion within the army.against of Our Revolution'; four, the three valid principles laid the generals of the self-styled "Council of Generals.,, down by Sukarno in his speech delivered on August 1?, 1964 and entitled 'A Year of Dangerous Living,' namely, The press communique said: "The Council of Gen- political independence, econornic self.reliance, and a 6rals is a sub'uersive-movetnent engineered by'the-Cen- culture with national identity; five, self-reliance); and tral Inteiligence Agency of ' the United States: They rtiil put into effect the decisions taken by the People's have been particulariy active of late, especially since Assembly, the Co-operation Parliament and the Supreme President Sukarno fell seriously ill earty in August. Advisory Csuncil' With"a view to aehieving peace in October 22, 1965 === [PDF page 8] === Southeast Asia and the world, it will not change In- Reksosamudro, the President said: "I have appointed donesia's independent foreign po_licy of active opposition Major-General Suharto, Commander of the Army's to imperialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism. Neither Strategic Reserve, to be responsible for restoring will it change the policy in relation to the Second security and order in connection with the 'September African-Asian Conference and the Cqnference of the 30 ineident' in.compliance with the policy laid down New Emerging Forces and that of confrontation with by me." With a view to settling the question of the 'Malaysia."' "September 30 incident" s'ithout delay, he added: "I have ordered that an atmosphere of calm and order be Harian Rakiat, organ of the Central Committee of created at once, and, for that purpose, it is imperative the Indonesian Communist Party, printed this com- to preclude all possibilities of armed conflict." munique on October- 2. It carried an editorial saying: On the night of October 3, Radio of the Republic "Whatever the pretext, the coup d'etat which the of Indonesia broadcast another order of President 'Council of Generals' tried to bring about, is a counter- Sukarno. The order pointed out that. orving to the revolutionary action and should be condemned'" It existence of misunderstanding rvhich had led to conflict added: "The issue is one within the army itself' How- within the army, and in order to dispei pubiic misever, we, people with political consciousness who are givings, the President announced that it s-as unjust aware of the tasks of the revolution, are convinced to charge the air force with being involved in the "Septhat the action taken by the September 30 movement tember 30'incident," and that he had. gone to Halim Air to save the revolution and the people is correct." The Base near Djakarta on the morning of October 1 of editorial pointed out that the action taken by the Sep- his own free wiIl. He said: "We must continue to tember 30 movement was "a patriotic and revolutionary maintain vigilance, and not permit any discord to be action." The editorial declared: "Without fail, the peo- sown between the air force and the army of Indonesia, ple will show their sympathy with the September 30 so that imperialism. colonialism and neo-colonialism, movement and will support it. We appeal to the entire and others na-r- not benefit from it." He further ordered people to heighten tneir vigilance and be read5- to face the various sen-ices of t"he armed forces to unite. all eventualities." On the fotrowing day (October 4), Suharto spoke According to an.{ntara News Agency re1rcrt- Pr'es- over the Radio of the Republic of fndonesia, openly ident Sukaroo isued a co'n-unique on October 1 say- expressing doubt about Sukarno's statement that the ing: "l am nos in good-health and have, as before, the air force had not been involved in the September 30 leadership of the state and the revolution in my hands. movement. He said that six generals and another The leadership of the armed forces of the Republic of officer of the army had been killed by the September Indones.ia is for the time being directly in the hands 30 movement. "There might be some truth," he said, of the President and Supreme Commander of the in President Sukarno's "denial of the air force's involve- Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia. I have ment in the incident, but it is impossible that some temporarily appointed Pranoto Reksosamudro, Major- individuals of the air force are not involved." He stressed General of the Indonesian National Army, Minister and that, as a member of the army, he hoped the air force Third Assistant to the Army Commander, to take would "get rid of those in the air force who are involved charge of the routine affairs of the army." in the adventure." Terror Reigns in Djokorto Suhorto Brings in Lorge Numbers of Trmps to 'Suppress Septemba I Horecnt Immediately after Suharto's troops gained control of Djakarta, the fifth militarl' district which includes On October 1, Major-General Suharto brought in the capital Djakarta was put under a state of emerlarge numbers of troops and put Dlakarta under his gency. as of October l.- Ilelmeted and fully armed control. On the evening of that day, Radio of the Re- soldiers of the army patrolled the city. Tanks, armoured pubtic of Indonesia broadcast an announcement issued cars and artiltrery units were stationed at key points. by the Information Bureau of the army which said Anti-aircraft guns were trained skywards. A dusk-tothat "the general situation has been brought back under dawn curfew was enforced. control and additional security measures are being energetically enforced." The announcement declared During October 2, the two papers Harian Rakjat that President Sukarno and Minister Co-ordinator of and Warta Bhakti were banned from further publica- Defence and Security Abdul Haris Nasution were "safe tion. Antara News Agency was closed down the next and sound." It added that for the time being Suharto day, and later, on October 11, was placed under military had taken command of the army. control. After Suharto's troops had gained control of Dja- In an announcement on October 3, the commander karta, Radio of the Republic of Indonesia in the early of the Fifth Military District of Greater Djakarta ormorning of October 3 broadcast a speech delivered by dered those who had received arms from the September Fresident Sukaf,no on the previous day. Apart from 30 movement to hand them over within three days. reaffirming the appointment of Major-General Pranoto AII those who disobeyed "will suffer the penalty oI 8 Peking Reoiew, No. 43 === [PDF page 9] === deAth." Ibrahim Aji, commander of the Siliwangi di- to measures for purification within all revolutionaFy vision, was quoted by foreign news agencies as saying instruments and guard the safety of President Sukarno in a radio speech on October 4 that force of arms would and the Republic of Indonesia. As for the Council oI be used against those who refused to hand over their Generals, the Indonesian Communist Party disapproves arms. He said that "those who disobey will be shot." of it and condemns it." Meanwhile, the army authorities began wholesale arrests in Djakarta. Chairman Aidit instructed "all Indonesian Communist Party members to continue to carry out their The papers and radio under the control of the urgent tasks, namely, to smash the five evils: that is, army authorities worked up a great agitation over the the three urban devils (the bureaucrat-capitalists, the execution during the September 30 incident- of Yani, speculators, and grafters Ed.), -the seven rural devils former army commander, and some other army generals. - (the tyrant-landlords, usurers, those who buy up early On October 4 the paper The Armed Forces attacked crops cheap, evil middle-men, bureaucrat-capitalists, i the Indcnesian Communist Party saying: "These dis- village bandits and corrupt officials. Ed.), 'Malaysia,' the world devil of U.S. imperialism- and modern re- I gusting devils rx.ho always talk about urban and rural devils are real devils themselves." Following on this, visionism." publie attacks rr.ere made on the Indonesian Communist Party by sorne poLiticd. parties and organiza- He urged all Party members to "continue to heighten their vigilance and strengthen revolutionary tions in arm5r-controlled Djakarta. The]- described the unitl' s-ith NASAKO\I as its heart and soul, so as to Indonesian Communist Party as the ''master-mind'' put into effect the five amulets of the revolution." He behind the "September 30 incident- In statemenis also urged them to "uphold and strengthen the unity broadcast over the radio on October 5, the Centrai of the Part5' and strictly obserwe Party and national Committee of the Indonesian Muslim Scholars' Associa- dissipling." tion and some other organizations called for the speediest dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party, the Chairman Aidit pointed out at the end of his letter People's Youth League, the Women's Movement of In- that these instructions were also applicable to other donesia, the Indonesian Public Works Trade Union and regional committees and aII members and candidate some other organizations. They also called for the members of the Indonesian Communist Party in all banning for all time of all papers and other publications parts of lhe country. which directly or indirectly had supported or assisted The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the September 30 movement- the Indonesian Communist Party issued a staternent on The pa.per The Ameil Forces on October 5 called October 5, saling that the September 30 movement for the "liquidation of the 'September 30 movement' was an internal affair of the army and that the Indonesian Communist Party *-ould not intervene. The and the hanging of its hirelings." statement expressed support for hesident Sukarno's In this atmosphere of terror, a funeral service for instructions on the settlement of the question of tJ:e the executed generals was held on October 5. Nasution, September 30 movement. Minister Co-ordinator of Defence and Security, spoke at the service. He called the September 30 movement President Sukqrno Presides Over Cqbinet Meeting "traitorous" and lauded the generalq as "heroes-" "We, the survivors, have the duty to carry on our stnrggle," On the evening of October 6, a press statement by he declared. On and after that day there s;ere reports Subandrio. First Deputy Prime Minister of. Indonesia, of anti-communist meetings and demonstrations ir* was broadcast over Radio Djakarta. The statement said Djakarta. Hooligans shouted such anti-communist that a cabinet meeting had been held in Bogor on Ocslogans as "Dissolve the Indonesian Communist-Party'r tober 6, with President Sukarno in the chair, to discuss and "Hang Aidit." the "September 30 incident." According to the statement, President Sukarno first Choirmon Aidit Condemns "Council oI Generols" of all characterized the incident in these terms: "The And Colls on the Whole Porty to Heighten Vigilonce, September 30 incident," he said, "was an event in the Strengthen Unity, ond Smosh the "Five Evils" course of the revolution, and not one that belonged to a period when the revolution would appear to have On October 6, the Surabaya (east Java) paper been completed." Therefore, it was "indeed part of our Djalan Rakjat published a letter from D.N. Airtit, Chair- revolution," he added, "Iike other incidents which hapman of the Indonesian Communist Party, dated October pened previously." The President said that he "did not 2, addressed to the Greater East Java Regional Com- consider it correct to establish the Revolutionary Counmittee of the Party. Chairman Aidit wrote: "The cil." He added that those army officers killed in the September 30 event is an internal affair of the armS September 30 incident were "revolutionary heroes" and and the Indonesian Communist Party will not inter- that "tribute should be paid to their memory." "At vene." He added: "As is well known, it is the consist- the present moment," he said, "no charges should be ent stand of the.Indonesian Communist Party to agree made against one another," nor should any attempt be October 22, 1965 === [PDF page 10] === mdde "to deepen,ther,hatred iof,,one:side.-tos:ards the. called their direct or indirect support for the "Septertrother." He said, 'oa calm atmosphere is needed," and ber 30 movement." According to Radio Djakarta, these he would o'seek a political settlement, a just political institutions were: the Republic University, the Indosettlement." nesian People's Universit5r, the Aiiarcham Academy of Social Sciences, the Bachtarudin Political Science Academy, the Anwari Technological Institute, the Dr. Rivai Moss Arrests, Closing Down of Schools, Burning Academy of Journalism, the Multatuli Ccllege of Arts, Down of Comnnunist Porty Heodquorters the Dr. Ratulangi Economic Science Academy, the Rong- After the cabinet meeting, Radio Djakarta under gowarsito Academy of History, the People's University, the control of the army authorities continued broad- the Surakarta Kotapradja Universitv. the Suprapto Colcasting statements by some poiitical parties and organ- lege of Journalism in Surabaya, the Sarinah Satria CoIizations vociferously calling for ttre violent suppression lege of Journalism and Publicity in Malang. and the of the "September 30 movement" and its supporters Egom Academy of Agriculture and Peasant }l[ovement and the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party in Bogor. The minister also announced the suspension and the People's Youth League, as well as of certain of the Federation of Indonesian Students lVlovement and other popular organizations. The arrny paper The Armed other student organizations. Forces on October 9 demanded "crush Aidit's Indone- Foreign news agencies reported that the Republic sian Communist Party." It stated on October 8: "Get University in Ejakarta was burnt down by hooligans the gallows ready." on October 14. "Armed with knives, stones 6nd 5lieks," Meanwhile, the wholesale arrests were stepped up. On they attacked the students. "They broke everl4hing in the Bth the Radio of the Republic of.Indonesia reported sight" and shouted: "Hang Communist Party boss D.N. the arrest of some leaders of the People's Youth League. Aidit!" and "Ban the Communist Party, master-mind Foreign news agencies said the army was carrying out of the Sepiember 30 movement!" I-ater. troops and po-' round-the-clock searches and arrests in Djakarta. The lice rnachrne{unned t}e sruderrts of the RepubUc Uni- Indonesian army annolrnced on the evemng of the 17th versit-v. It ras reeortea tbat in +his inclden:- five perthat 3,000 people had been arrested following the Sep- sons were kine4 250 others inirlred and many students arrestedtember 30 incident. The First Secretar-v of tle Djakarta City Committee of the Indonesian Communist Party, Njono, rvas reportedly_ among tbe arrested An annour- Sfirring Up Anti-Chinese Sentiment, Creotingcrment. by the Drector of the Irformation Bureau of Anti-Chinese lncidents the army said that Lieqtenent-Colonel Untung and Colonel Latif, member of the.Revolutionary Council of the The Indonesian arrny papers in news items and September 30 movement, had also been arrested. Mass commentaries for several days running have tried hard arrests were made in Java, Sumatra and other regions, to stir up anti-Chinese.sentiment- As early as October too. 6, the army-paper, Bqrito Yud,ha in a roundabout way put the question: f'Can it be that the counter-revolu- Foreign news agency reports said that "a11 known tionary adventure of the 'september 30 movement' dehaunts of Communist Party members have been pended only on their own material strength without raided.., Heavy trucks rumbled through the streets material end moral support and assistance from broad carrying arrested Party members, hands claqped betrind strata at home and abroad?" On the same day the their necks." "Djakarta p5!p. as "yere said to be over- other paper, Tlw Artoed Forces, clamoured for the "re-' crowded and an emergeniy jail iiras repbltedly installed in the cellar of a department store," the dispatches moval of foreign political bases." On October 10, the same paper with evil intent said that the September 30 noted. movement "chose October 1, the National Day of the A crowd of hooligans staged a demonstration in People's Republic of China, to start a national tragedy." Djakarta on October B and burnt down the headquarters of the Indonesian Communist Party, it was reported. In the last few days one anti-Chinese incident after On October 9, the office of the Women's Movement of another has occurred in Djakarta and other plaees. It Indonesia was burnt to the ground. On the 10th, the head was reported that on October 8, acting under instrucoffices of the People's Youth League and the Atl-Indo- tions, hooligans 'odemonstrated" before the Chinese nesian Central Organization of Trade Unions were Consulate-General in Djakarta. Some of them posted wrecked. On the 12th, the homes of leaders of the on the gates of the Chinese Consulate-General a n.umber Indonesian Communist Party were also wrecked. An of anti-Chinese leaflets issued by 'fThe Anti-Commu- AP report on the demonstration of the 8th said,..truck- nist Movement." The leaflets read: "China stageloads of demonstrators passed the American Embassy managed the September 30 movement. Drive out all shouting 'Long live America!"' Chinbse: immediately!" "The Indonesian Communist Party is arzned by China! IIang the Chineselll The Indonesian Minister for lligher Education and "China is the wire-puller behind the Indonesian Sciences annotrncerd that 14 institutions of higher learn- Communist Party! Sever diplomatie relations with ing had been closed dsurn since October 11 for what he China at once!" A Reuter report said that during anfi Peking Reuiew, No, 43 === [PDF page 11] === other demonstration on October 14, "outside the Amer- and Students'.Association,. and, tlre,Indonesian Scienr, ican Embassy the demonstrators shouted 'Communists tists' Association. -_No!' Outside the Chinese Consulate they shouted 'Crush China!'" U.S. lmperiolists ond "Moloysio" Are Jubilont Particularly serious was the incident on October A few days after the September 30 event, an 16 when an Indonesian armed unit illegally broke into October 5 AP report from Singapore quoted a Western the Office of the Commercial Counsellor of the Chi- dipiomatic source to the effect that "if 1\{ajor-General nese Embassy in Indonesia, ransacked the office and Suharto and Defence Minister Abdul Haris Nasution, living quarters, and insulted and forcibly searched the both leading Rightists, do not act now, they lvill have Chinese diplomatic officials. missed an opportunity they are not likely to get again. In fact if they don't act, they may be signing their own Suhorto, Appointed Minister ond Annl Connnonder, death wamant." Tolks loudly About "Continuing b lituklofe the The United States and 'nMalaysia'o were pleased Remnonts of 'September 3l Morecrenf the with the latest developments in Indonesia, according Cou n te r- Revo u tiono ry Group of Adrerrlurers" I to Western news agencies. Hensley of UPI on October 13 reported from Washington that "officials have been On October 14, President Sukarao,..ounced in gratified at the strong action taken by Nasution and Djakarta the appointment of r/r:jor4eoeral Sularto as the arm5' against Cornmunist elements since September Minister and Cornrnander of the Indonesian Army- At fl)." Tb.is IIPI correspondent on October 12 had quoted the same time, Sukarno relieved Pranoto Reksosamudro a British siirce as sa1-ing that both U.S. S'ecretary of the post to which Sukarno himself had appointed of State Dean Rusk and British Foreign Secretary him on October 1. Michael Stewart during their recent talks in Washing- According to an announcement of Radio Djakarta, ton had expressed the vierv that the Indonesian situation, in which the army was taking action against the President Sukarno presided over Suharto's swearing- Communists "responsible for the coup," seerned to be in ieremony on October 16 in the State Palace in developing in a direction which was quite satisfactory Djakarta. He declared in a speech that he had placed to Washington and London. the leadership of the arrny in the hands of Suharto. He ordered Suharto to 'testore l.aw and order." He An AP correspondent reported from New York on said it was necessarJi "to create a caIE atmoq>here October 14: "there is every indication now that the which is not filled with emoton 6srirrflarned by Idt army is running the Indonesian show a junta with rren like Suharto and Abdul Haris Nasution, the - or Right" Ee adde4 To seek a political settlemeat arn€d fcces.'hiel[, at its head." I need full and eomprehensive facts and I shall not heed those facts whieh have been covered by red, green 'kire *tinider" Rahman of ''Maiaysia." a tool or yellow cloth." of U-S- and British imperialisq added his bit on October lL 'I am ver5z happy with the course of Subsequently, at a meeting of the Indonesian everts nor goiag on in Indonesia," he said. If the Supreme Operational Command oD tbe evening of the army took over Indonesia and cleaned up the Com- 16th, Sukarno appointed Suharto Chief of Staff of the munists; "I think c'onfrontation will come to an end." Supreme Operational Command and in charge of in- He added that if any help was needed, "I'11 eome." vestigations into the S€1>t€cber 30 incident, in addition to his other responsibilities How the Soyiet News Agency ond Press Hcve Immediately after his ass.m.ption of office, Suhar- Reported ond Commented on the Events to issued his first order in Btich he said that he had In reporting Suharto's deploy-rnent of forces to Sukarno's "trust." Suharto eall6{ s1 his subordinates suppress the September 30 movement, TASS News to "continue to liquidate the remnants of the 'Septem- Agency guoted Vtrestern news agency reports as saying ber 30 movement'- the counter-revolutionary group that the Indonesian army "has quelled a ccup d'etat." of adventurers." The same news ageney on the 12th, quoting a report According to the army paper The Armed Forces, of the Indonesian army pap€r Beri,ta Yudha, put Nasuthe Supreme Operational Comrnand ordered tJle ban- tion on a par with Sukarno and called them "leaders ning of all political parties and rna<s organizations re- of the revolution." TASS seid that they "discussed the regrettable events which befell our people and the garded as being involved in the September 30 movecountry as a result of the treacherous actions of those ment. On the 18th, the Djakarta Military District who named themselves the 'September 30 movement.' issued an order outlawing the Indonesian Communist Mutual understanding and unity of views on the ques- Party and such progressive mass organizations as the tion of purging all those implicated in this movement People's Youth League, the Women's Movement of In- were reached at t,l.e meeting." donesia, the Indonesian Peasant Ftont, t}le Federation of Indonesian Students Movement the Indonesian fn a commentary on the 16th, the Soviet paper College Studehts' Association, the Indonesian Youth Tzuestia went so far as to cail the September 30 move- October 22, 7965 11 === [PDF page 12] === lnent a "rebellior{' aud Li,;Col. Ifntung, Qol. Lalif and ing of the anti-communist campaign by the Indonesian the others "rebels." Ihis paper, which is the organ of Right-wing forces r*-as because "several Communists the Soviet Government, said: "Forces loyal to the were among the members oI the Revolutionary Counmilitary command, brought from the provinces, have ciI" set up by the September 30 movement and also quelled the rebeliion" and added, "the remaining rebels because "Harian Rakjat, organ of the [Indonesian] have fled to the mountains." Communist Party, which failed to understand the con- This official organ of the Soviet Government even fused state of things in the first ferv days, wrote as if suggested with an air of satisfaction that the unleash- the rebellion had the support of the people." "Renmin Ribo o" Publishes Moteriols On Current Politicol Situotion ln lndonesio f) ENMIN RIBAO on October 20 published on its front tember 30 movement: demands the air force rid itself IL page a long Hsinhua round-up report under the bold-character headingi "Sudden, Drastic Changes in The page also carri<= two decisions of the com- Indonesian Political. Si.tuation." (For a ful3 translation mander of the Djakarta rnililasy district under the see p.7.) subhead: "Proclaims suspension for the time being of The paper devotes four fuIl pages to materials re- all activilies of the Indonesian Communist Party and Iated to the political der.elopments in lndonesia sinee certain rhass organizations in Djakarta and its vicinity, October 1. The general headline reads: "A Collectioh calls on leading members of these organizations to reof Materials on Current Political Situation in Indonesia." port to the command lvithin a fixed timelimit.'l Under the bold-character headline "documents of The page also prints an announcement of the com: the Septemher 30 movement," the paper carries in the mander of the fifth military district o{ Greater Djakarupper part of the third page a press communiqr-re bf ta ordering those rvho have received. arms from the the September 30 movement and an order on the forma. September 30 movement to hand them in u,ithin three tion of an Indonesian revolutionary council which were days. broadcast over the Radio of the Republic of Indonesia An address delivered by Abdul Haris Nasution on on October 1. The subheads read: [The movement] October 5 is also printed on this page under the sub- "announces that the movement is one rvithin the arrny, head: [He] "says the six generals executed are 'heroes,' directed against the 'council of gener:Is'; points out declares 'we have the duty to car5r on our struggle."l that the 'council of generals,' a'subversive movement engineered by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, In the lower right part of its fourth page, Renmin plans to start a coup d'etat before October 5 this year." Ribao publishes, under the heading "attitude of other arrned serviees of Indonesia," tri'o announcements issued Under the general headline "attitude of the Indo- by the Indonesian air force, two statements by the comnesian army," the paper prints in the rest of its third mander of the navy and an announcement issued by page relevant documents and speeches broadcast orer the commander of the police forcre on October 3. the Radio of the Republic of Indonesia. The subhead for "the proclamation and trvo deci- The relevant statements and speeches made by President Sukarno are printed in the top half of the sions issued by the Indonesian arrnv corrurrand" reads: fourth page. The subheads are: "Vows to stamp out the September 30 mol'ement, clamours about 'readiness to defeat counter-revolution."' "President Sukarno's communique of October 1": Under the heading "Suharto's broadcast speeches "Announces he is in good health, appoints temporarily Pranoto Reksosamudro to take charge of the army's and statement," the paper prints Suharto's two broadcast speeches, one on October 1 and another on October routine affairs"; 4 and his statement on October 3. The subhead reads: "President Sukarno's broadcast address of October "Announces he has taken command of the army; de- 2": "Orders that an atrnosphere of calm and or:der be elares it is necessary completely to wipe out the Sep- created so as to settle the September 30 incident; ap- 12 Peking Reuieus, No. 43 === [PDF page 13] === points Suharto to be responsible for restoring security tionary; the coup d'etat engineered by the 'council 6f and order"; generals' is a counter-revolutionary action and should t'President Sukarno's order of October 3": "An- be eondemned; appeals to the entire people to heighten nounoes that the air force has not been involved in the vigilance and be ready to face all eventualities." September 30 incident, calls on the air force and the Under the general headline, "attitude of other quararmy not to permit discord to be sown between them"; ters of Indonesia," the paper devotes the whole of its "President Sukarno's instructions at his meeting fifth page to relevant statements and remarks made with the commanders of the various services": "The by Indonesian government ministers, political parties September 30 movement [he says] is an event in which and mass organizations. political issues are involved and which is to be handled These are remarks by Idham Chalid, Vice-Chairman by himself; [he] describes t]re executed generals as of the People's Assembly of Indonesia, remarks by Sar- 'revolutionary heroes"'; tono and Sujono Hadinoto, Vice-Chairmen of the Indo- "President Sukarno's remarks at a plenary meet- nesian Supreme Advisory Council, remarks by Sudibjo, ing of the cabinet": "[He] says he does not consider it General Secretary of the Secretariat of the Indonesian corect to establish the resoiurionary council; expresses National Front, two directives by Sumarno, Minister for the hope that the local rer-olutionar-r- councils rvould Internal Affairs, two statements by the Indonesian dissolve themselves; wiii s€€i a just political settle- Nationalist Party, a speech by Ali Sastroamidjojo, Genment"; eral. Chairman of the Indonesian Nationalist Party, a statement b;- Partai Indonesia, a joint statement by the And "Sukarno's statement about appointing Suhar- Muslirc Scholars'.{ssociation and the mass organizations to arm-'- ctmmander." effiliated to i! a statement by the Indonesian Islamic Under the heading in bold characters, "the position Union Party, a statemeut by ttre Indonesian Perti (Islamic) Part5r, a resolution by the Indonesian Christian of the Indonesian Communist Party," Renmin Ribao Party and its affiliated mass organizations, a directive prints on the fourth page relevant documents issued by the Indonesian Communist Party. The subheads by the Assoeiation of Indonesian Independence Supporters, a statement by the Central Committee of the are: Indonesian Consultative Body of the 1945 Revolution- "Chairman Aidit's letter of instructions": "The aries, a statement by the Women's Movement of Indo- September 30 event is an internal affair of the army; nesia, and a statement by the Indonesian Action Comthe Indonesian Communist Party's consistent stand is mittee for the Boycott of U.S. Films. to agree to measures for purification within all revolutionary instruments; condemns the 'council of generals'; The sixth page reports Foreign Reaction and Comcalls on Party members to continue to smash the five ments. Under the headline "Comments by U.S. officials, evijs and put into effect the five amulets of the revolu- news agencies and papers," Renmin Ribao's subheads tion; uphold and strengthen the unity of the Party and read: "[They] consider the Indonesian situation 'to be strictly observe Party discipline." t^k;ng a turn some$hat safisfactory' to W'ashington, to be 'a gr€at new chance' for the U.S.; acclaim the "Statement of the Poli';ical Bureau of tbe Ceatral army as in a position 'to assert ttremselves,' urge Indo- Comrnjttee": 'The Septpnf"et flt rrr'rucut is an in- nesia to'disrupt' its association with China." Grouping tertrai questim of tbe umy, tae Indonesian Communist together comments by British officials and papers, Party wilf not intenrene-" Renmin Ribao's subheads say: "They see in Nasution's "Editorid oI lllarian Rakjat": "The aetion taken action 'the optimum development the West could hope,' by the September 30 movement is patriotic and revolu- think 'Communists will not just disappear as a political Joponese C.P. Protests Agoinst lndonesion Right-Wing Anti-Communist Outroges CCORDING to news reports from Tokyo, Kenji nationalism, had strongly protested against these /Ar Miyamoto, General Secretary of the Japanese illegal atrocities against Communists. Communist Party, when speaking on October 17 Comrade Kenji Miyamoto made his statement on the recent situation in Indonesia, asked: "Who at a rally celebrating the seventh Akahata festival is glad at the anti-communist outrages committed in Tokyo. Among the?0,000 people who attended by the Right-wing forces in Indonesia?" He said the meeting were Chairman Sanzo Nosaka and ttrat his Party, in accordance with proletarian inter- other leaders of the Japanese Communist Party. October 22, 7965 13 === [PDF page 14] === force."' The pap€r reports comments by French papers authorities,' worried over the growth of the people's and news agency with the subhead: "They note that strength, want to take action beforehand; say that the event took place because the Right-wing generals 'President Sukarno is moving much closer to the side l did plot a coup, that pro-Western factions in the army of the anti-communist main current of the army, namely t- are associated with U.S. espionage organization." Defence Minister Nasution Suharto.' " Reaction from "Malaysia" is reported on the same At'the bottom of the sixth page, Renmin Ribao page under the headline " 'Malaysian'chieftain Rahman's reports "Soviet press reports and comments on the Inclamours." The subhead says that [Rahman] "is 'very donesian situation." The subheads read: "Quoting happy' with the course of events norv going on in In- Western news agencies and Djakarta press comments, donesia, calls for 'take-over of Indonesia by the army TASS reports that Suharto 'has quelled a coup d'etat,' and cleaning up of Communists."' puts Nasution on a par with Sukarno and calls them 'leaders of the revolution.' lzuesti,a calls the September Under the headline "Comments by Japanese offi- 30 movement a 'rebellion,' blames the Indonesian Comcials, papers and news agency," Renmin Riboo points munist Party for the Right-wing anti-communist moveout in its subheads: "[They] believe that the 'military ment." Clrinese Foreign Ministry Sfotement U.S.-South Vietnomese Air Attocks on Combodion Villoge Condemned October 20, 1965 /\N October 15. the United States and its south Viet- But the people of Cambodia are not to be bul1ied. u rr*u"" puppets sent their aircraft to make three They have long recognized clearly the aggressive nature successive atLacks on the Cambodian village of Bathu, of U.S. imperialism. During his recent visit in China Svay Rieng Province, and, by the savage means of and Korea, Prince Norodom Sihanouk sharply exposed dropping napalm bombs, shooting rockets and strafing, ahd condemned the Johnson Administration's crime of killed seven and rvounded six peaceful Cambodian in- expanding its war of aggression in Indo-China and habi^tants, and caused the burning down of many houses expressed the determination of the valiant Cambodian and the loss of cattle. This is another serious pro!'oca- people to resolutely struggle against U.S. imperialism tion deiiberateiy carried out by U.S. imperialjslo and and iis lackel-s to the very'end, thus winning the praise its lackeys against the Kingdom of Cambodia. and adrrrfation oi the peace-loving countries and peoples. The firm will of the Carnbodian people to defend U.S. imperialism and its lackeys in south Viet Nam their state sovereignty, uphold peace and neutrality and Thailand have all along harboured aggressive and maintain national dignity can by no means be designs against the peace-loving Kingdom of Cambodia. altered by any U.S. imperialist threats. For many years, they resorted to all kinds o{ despicable and shameless means in an attempt to force Cambodia In its communique issued on October 18, the Royal Government of Cambodia lodged tfie mos[ serious proto give up her independent and soverelgn policy of test against the criminal attacks on Bathu village by peace and neutrality. Their attempts failed in the face U.S.-south Viet Nam planes and at the same time of resolute rebuff by the Government and people of appealed to all countries which love peace and justice Cambodia, Now that the U.S. aggressors and their to adopt prompt and necessary measures to prevent the lackeys have suffered ever heavier defeats on the south repetition of this vicious crime. llhe Chinese Govern- Viet Nam battlefield, they have more than ever come ment and people firmly support this just stand taken to regard the Kingdom of Cambodia, which firmly by the Kingdom of Cambodia and strongly condemn opposes U.S. imperialist aggression and upholds peace U.S. imperialism and its lackeys in south Viet Nam and justice, as a thorn in their side and are making for their bloody crimes against the Cambodian people. increasingly frequent threats and provocations against We hereby warn the U.S. imperialists and their lackeys: it, vainly attempting to compel it to submit so that You must stop forthwith your frenzied provocations they may further extend their war of aggression in against Cambodia, othervrise you will have to eat the Viet Nam. bitter fruit of your own deeds. t4 Peking Reoiew, No. 43 === [PDF page 15] === Prince Sihonoul(s Yisit For Finql Victory Over U.S. lmperiolism p)RINCE Norodom Sihanouk, Cambodian Head of in Cambodia di,ffers from that of Chi.na, the tuo counr State, Madame Sihanouk and their pa.rty left Kun- tries actuallg di.ffer terg little. Theg haie conl.mon ming for home on October 16, taking with them the iileals; that is to sag, theg are struggling with all their Chinese people's profound, militant friendship to the might against those enemi.es of the peoptle of the uorlil fraternal Cambodian people. Vice-premier Chen yi, ond, ogainst the enemies of freedom, justtce and peace, leading officials of the Yunnan provincial government twmelg, the imperialists and. old and neu colonialists, and more than 100,000 people from all walks of life gave the Cambodian guests an enthusiastic send-off. fvst ol all the U.S. i.mperialists utho are the most d.angerotLE enetnies.t' Prince and Madame Sihanouk concluded their visit to China by spending three days in Kunming, a scenic The Cambodian leader paid tribute to China which, city in southwest China. Chou Hsing, Got'ernor of he said, "is the firmest and most sincere supporter of Yunnan Province, gave a banquet in honour of prince Cambodia's peace, independence and territorial integand Madame Sihanouk on Ostober 13, the day of thet rit-v." He added: "China gives Cambodia genuinely arrival in Kunming. VicePremier Chen Yi, who ae- uncrnditional aid which, by assisting above all in the companied the distinguished guests durlng their jourrrey irapid development of our country's industry, has greatfrom Harbin in northeast China, also attended. Both " Iy' helped in raising our people's living btandard and Prince Sihanouk and Vice-Premier Chen Yi spoke at in lifting our country.gut __oI its state of under-developthe banquet and stressed the significance to human ment. Equally importarli are the benefits we have progress of the struggle against U.S. imperialism. They derived from China's'experience in national construcagreed that to achieve final victory in this struggle tion, the example China has set for us, the techniques the people of China and Cambodia should al*'ays unite she has passed on to us and the lessons we have learnt dosely. from rvhat rve have seen with our own eyes." Prince kince Sihalout had hrgtr faise fm SneCa=b Sih:n6'4[ deciared that. i:e the highest interest of both irn frieodshilrr Ee said: "Afthougih tlg s*A s!*at mtries, Combodia and, China urould altnays remain Premier Chou on Sino-Cambodian Friendship 1r\ HAIRMAN Liu Shao-chi on Oetober,15, received a their best friends. We would like to tell our Cambo- \-r delegation of the Cambodia-China Friendship As- dian friends that the Chinese people likewise regard sociation led by Hu Nim. The day beforq Premier the Khmer people as,their best friends. The friend- Chou En-lai met the Cambodian guests and gave a ship between our two peoples is not one that excludes banquet in their honour. others. We are willing to develop friendship with all those countries which respect our sovereignty and In his speech welcoming the delegation, the Pre- territorial integrity and support us in our struggie mier said that friendly relations between China and to safeguard our country's honour and independence. Cambodia, which had greatly developed over the past Certain big powers, however, are very jealous and decade, had been broqht to a new height by Prince afraid of the growth of friendship between our tu'o Sihanouk's current visit. "The friendship between eoi:ntries; they even try to sow discord between us. our two peopl.es," he said, "is no ordinary friendship, But these attempts are doomed to failure." but one that has steadily developed in the common struggle against U.S. imperialism and on the basis of Hu Nim in his speech stressed that the Camborespect for each other's sovereignty and independenee dian and Chinese peoples were closely united in opand a trust that is mutual. It has stood and will position to U.S. imperialism and its stooges. "U.S. continue to stand all tests. [Te are confident that this imperialism and its stooges," he said, "are not at all militant friendship betn-een the two peoples will happy to see so close a friendship between Cambodia develop from generation to generation.'l and China. But this is a gooC thing. Future developments will further prove the correctness of Chairman Describing Sino-Cambodian friendship as a. kins- Mao Tse-tung's thesis that the East wind is prevailmanlike friendship of long-standing, Premier Chou ing over the W'est wind. The anti-imperialist forces of said: "His Royal Highness Prince Sihanouk has said the East are bound to defeat the ir.nperialist forces that the Khmer people regard the Chinese people as of the Wesi." October 22, 7965 15 === [PDF page 16] === eloselg united i.n the eornrnon struggle against U.S. im- ness the Prirrce," he siil, ute have etchangeil oieus perialism and old and new colonialism. and reached. cornplete twnimity on oppsing U.S. irn- Vice-Premier Chen Yi said that "the friendship perialist aggression ond. many other important quesbetween China and Cambodia is fo,r'ged for the purpose tions." of jointly opposing their most dangerous enemy, U.S. Prince Sihanouk said tlat Cemboilia anil Chino imperialism, for the sake of world peace dnd genuine were not onlg friends but relodioe* The pople of the peaceful coexistence betrveen countries with different tuso countries uould neoer d.esert each other but rt:oulil social systems and for justice and human progress." aluags stand together. He saiilz "The imperialists usill neobr succeed i.n their attempt to Me fron the people Vice-Premier Chen Yi had a farewell banquet for of the usorld the facts of China's ochieeements. Chino Prince and Madame Sihanouk on October 15. Repeated has friends eu erytoher e." toasts to the militant friendship between China and In a toast at the banquet, Madame Sihanouk ex- Cambodia were made. pressed the hope that the friendship between Carnbodian Vice-Premier Chen Yi said that the successlul sirth and Chinese women would grow with each pa-:s!ng day. tsisit of Prince Sihanouk constituted a pouerlul support "In all circumstances, Cambodian women rvill remain for China. "Duri.ng the current oisit of His Royal High- united with the women of China," she declared- C,hino Dores to Run Risks to Thoroughly Defeot U.S. lmperiolism a Ihe greotect hopc oI msnlind todoy: is to firmly oppose U.S. imperiolism. a ln order to oppose U.S. imperiolism it is imperotive to woge o serious struggle ond to ts*e"ridrs., qhry in tftir woy. will victory be won. To seek o compromise with U.S. imperiolism insteod of opposing it would be to end up os shomefully os the Chiong fd-shel reoctionoder ond the Khrushchov revisionists. \/ICE-Premier Chen Yi in his seeech at a banquet us to toke the road of Chiang Kai-shek and KllrushchoD, Y given by Chou Hsing, Goverac of Yunnan Prov- the roail of capitulation to U.S. imperialism. We defince, and his wife, in houorr oI the Cambodian Head initely utill not take their road. We usant to take our of State Prince Norodom Sihanouk s1d Mrdane Siha- oton road, the road of Jirm opposition to U.S. imperia!- nouk on the evening of October f3 in Kunming, stressed isltl." that mankind's greatest hopes now rested on rvhether or not it firmly opposed U.S. imperialisrn- lnvincible Friendship He said certain persons had alleged that his con- Vice-Premier Chen Yi pointed out that Sinodemnation of U.S. imperialism at the, September 29 Cambodian triendship uas forged for tlte purpose ot press conference in Peking attended by Chinese and jointly opposing thei.r' rnost, dangerous enernA, U.S. foreign newsmen indicated the intention of Chinese i,mperiali.sm, lor the sake of Loorld. peace and genuine leaders "to seek adventures," peaceful coeristence bettaeen countries toith different "We sog that in oriler to otrpose U.S, imperialum, social sgstems, Jor justice and human progress. lt roas it i,s imperatioe to uage o serious struggle anil to take not forged for the purpose oJ stri,king o bargain. rislcs. Onlg in this roag will toe be able to uin. "This fri.endship is most reli,able and intsincible. China usith her 650 million people has the courage to On both sides, we should do our best to help each other run rtsks in order to thoroughtg d.efeat u.S. imperi,- and continue to develop this traditional friendship," "To seek a compromise roith U.$ imperialism He added: "I greatly admire the statement made instead of opposing it utoutd, be to end u.gt os shame- by Prince Sihanouk in Peking, that if there were some fallU as the Ch&rtg Kai-shd,k: &asti,onrlries and the 15 countries in the world that followed the line oI Khrushchor: retsisioni,sts. Those uho haoe alJeged, that. non-co-operation towards U.S. imperialism, refused to the Chinese leaders intend,to seek ad,uentures' uant provide it with military bases and forbade its aircraft I6 Peking Reuieu, No. 43 === [PDF page 17] === and ships to use their airfields and ports, this would be China is'not' afi agrye:ssot\ that slie'loves peace, that enough to force U.S. imperialism to retreat. This is she tatsours peaceful coeristence betueen countries a correct appraisal. uith different social systems and that she has no "Today, U.S. imperialism is not really so very territorial ambitions against ang countrg, big or smalL powerful. Its policy of aggression is unpopular and is He has pointed out that China has achieued uery good meeting with resistance everywhere. I believe that results in her national, construction, that all, the 650 the time 'uyrIl soon come when, as predicted by His million Chinese people haoe u.nited under the leader- Royal Highness, many countries will unite to oppose ship of Chairman Mao Tse-tung and. that China has U.S. imperialism. We are bound to rvin, provided engaged in fri,endl,y co-operation uith Cambod.i.a. China, Cambodia and other friendly countries persist "Basing himself on facts, Prince Sihanouk has in their struggle against U.S. imperialism," said the upheld, justice and has spoken out for justice on the Chinese Vice-Premier. i,nternational forum. This represents the most pouter- He said that Prince Sihanouk had his ousn stanil ful support for Chi,na. No economic statistics can ever and en',-ironment and China had hers. But U.S. impe- d,o justice to this political support for uhich 'tDe are riali,st aggression against them hnil linkeil them usi.th uerg grateful." a conlnlon goal, that of repulsing U.S. im.perwlism. The Chinese Vice-Premier said that Prince Siha- The Chinese people, said Vice-Premier Chen Yi, nouk had based his judgments'on facts. Such judggreatly admired Prince Sihanouk's politicat courage. ments conformed to reality. His Royal Highness had Recalling his visits to a number of Asian and correctly judged the trend of the international situa- African countries during the past year or so, he pointed tion and of China's present and Iuture. This showed out that many leaders on these tuo conti.nents thought his great aptitude and penetrating insight as a statesuery highlg of the courage shoron bg Combodia unilqr man. the leailership of Pri.nce Sihanouk i.n ristng'against, '. t'W. hope that the unbreakable friendship betu'een U.S, i:m.perialism, rejecting its aid and breaking ott our two countries will grow constantly. Whatever diffi= relations uith it. culties may'lie -ahead, we'will.continue to struggle Under the leadership of Prince Sihanouk, he con- together to defeat our coinmon enemy," Vice-Premier tinued, Cambodia had won prestige and respect through- Chen Yi said. out the q'orld He vehemently condemned the base schemes of the Yie.hemier Cheo Yi sirl th:f Prince Sihano..rk U.S. imperialists and rcactionaries o[ various countrics, had a most proformd uoaerstanaiog o[ Ctina and had ained at soi';ing discord betlr'een China and Cambodia. suplrcrted her mod courageousty and rar+learteaty- -The inperial.ists and reactionaries allege that all His six visits to Cbina were an exlrression of his esteem and support for China. Tliey were also of immense potitical a-qtions takeo b.r Carnbodia under the leaderhelp to China. ship of Prince Sihanouk are influenced by China. Prince Sihanouk gave a high appraisal of China's They aim at poisoning SinoCambodian relations beachievements in construction, Vice-Premier Chen Yi cause they know it would be to their advantage to added.. This was the appraisal of the Prince hiurself, separate the two countries even by an inch, while the of the Royal Family of Cambodia and of the Cambo- unity of the two countries is to their disadvantage. On dian people as a whole. It encouraged the Chinese this point, they have made a perfectly correqt judgpeople to advance towards still greater achievements. ment. Referring to China's aid to Cambodia, Vice-Premier "IJnder the leadership of Prince Sihanouk, Cam- Chen Yi said that the aid rx-as still too little. With bodia has firmly defended her national independence the improvement of the situation in China's construc- and has embarked resolutely on the course of intion, she was willing to offer more. dustrialization to b'ild a strong industrial-agricultural country. She has firmly fo1los'ed the line of self- Suppoil for Chino reliance in construcdon and persistently opposed "Aid has always been mutual," he emphasized. U.S. imperialisrn, colonialism and neo-colonialism. The "Cambodia has stood for the evl:r rlsiorr of the Chiang Chinese people," said Vice-Premier Chen Yi, "will Kai-shek clique from the United Nations and the resto- always stand by your side." ration of China's legitimate seat there- She has sup- With the arm of intimidating some Asian and Afriported China's recovery of Taiwan and the offshore can countries that r*-ere the friends of China and islands. This constitutes the greatest aid to us." joined China in opposing U.S. imperialism, the impe- Vice-Premier Chen Yi said: 'The U-S. imperiaiists rialists and reactionaries asserted that, after comand other reactionaries have wantonly slandered China. promising with the United States, China would turn Though the overwhelming majority of the world's her back to these countries, said Vice-Premier Chen Yi peoplg do rrcf, believc ttteir slanders, a few have been and he added, 'JWe say ttlert there is onlg gne cond'ition suspicious. fw: a eomprami,se bettoeen Chhw. and U.S. imperiali.sm, "It is iust. at.this time that, Pri,nce Sihanouk has namelg, that the u.S. imperi.alists mttst gitse. up their corne foruard to poi.nt out, bg a statement of lacts, that policy of aggression anil uar. But this is impossible." October 22, 1965 77 === [PDF page 18] === Viee-Fi€rnier Chen Yi recalled the speeches-made Vice-Premier said. They were particularly w6rth by Prince Sihanouk in Peking, the joint statement he learning by the very few people who still had doubts slgned with Chairman Liu Shao-chi, the joint state- and still vacillated in their attitude to the anti-impe. ! ment he signed in Korea with Premier Kim I1 Sung, rialist struggle. and the speeches made by. the Cam.bodian Head of In conclusion, ViePremier Chen Yi said that r" State in Harbin and Kunming. Prince Sihanouk's visits to China and Korea had been Ttrese contained valuable lessons for the Chinese a very gleat suecess and would add a glorious page to people as well as the Cambodian people, the Chinese the annals of friendship among the three countries. Chino's Wsrning to U.S. lmpe,riolists Helps World Peoce Prince Sihonouk's Comment on Vice-Premier Chen Yi's Press Conference Prince Norodom Sl.hanouk, Head oJ State ol Cam- "So far there has not been any country in the boilia, has tori.tten a letter to Vice-Premier Chen Yi, world which can change its state of backwardness by comrnenting on the lattet's September 29 press con- merely relying on foreign aid"; and fuerrce uhi.ch raas attended bg Chinese and toreign "The just struggle of Afro-Asian countries against corresgnndents. i:nperialim and coloniali-<m, is the best atom bomb." Prtnce Sihanouk tt'rote thot he rros greatly im- These rords greatly enoourage tbe countries and pressed by the irnprtzlnc. of tb grbJif63 rrirh rrhicjh pemle of Asia and Aftica sho have greeted them with Vicc-Premiq Chat Yi italt d, W tlrc fts&z at the enttusiaqrrr- Ihey are a sharp lesson given appropriately d po*noe.i paserted @t him ot tlerz qtes*im*- t;i.elas to all t.Le great and rich powers, who are so amogant foEodrg t tb lcea rorittrl by Pri..r Silrolwrtk and stupidly proud of their "super-developed'' state. ir Elrdry ot tub 7+ 7gGi,-EiL It is only the People's Republic of China which, in the period of just a few years, having raised itself tb Ec fcdlcnry Marshal Chen Yi, to the ranks of a world power, is able to give them Ym Excellency Yice-Premier and Dearest Friend, this lesson. And I want to thank you from the bottom I am in receipt of the full text of your press confer- of my heart, in the name of all those who are despised euce in Peking on September 29. by the West. I have just finished reading it. It greatly impressed me by the importance of the subjects with which you Z On the U5. wsr of oggression ogoinst Viet Nom. dealt, by the clarity with rvhich you presented your views and the positions of the People's Republic of Ibe sentiments you expre$sed and the position of China on the major problems of the day and finall;* by tle People's Republic of China that you ouilined in the justice of those views and positions. answer to this question and that on the U.N., have our You have honoured me by asking for my opiniea complete approval beeause, as you know, Cambodia has the same sentiments and has taken the same posion what you said to the correspondents tion. I am sorry that I am unable to cpmmcnt on certain My remarks in China and the Democratic people,s of the questions dealt with and which belong to the Republic of Korea bear this out. mmpetence of China and its sow€ignfir- But it is with pleasure that I give you Ey qlini@ o questions of common interest to our two cousties and questions 3. On the Second Africon-Asion Conference. of interest to all people. Your Excellency and His Excellenry Chou En-lai know our sentiments and our position, which in oertain l. On the question of shoring nucleor lnowl- respects coincide wittr yours and on other points are I liked enormously all the remarks that you made Our two Governments maintain a respect for each in response to this question, in particular: 'Now they otler's free decision, so I think it is not necessary to (the Westertr countries) promote the secalled under- speak here of the gnall "difference" betw€en us. developed countries by describing them as developing We are in complete agreement with you in finUing countries. So far as China rrs concerned, we are not that it is not appropriate to draw into our African-Asian grateful for ttrat"; Conference the United Nations or its Secretary-General 18 Peking Reoiew, No. 43 === [PDF page 19] === because there are countries in our conference which - This is.clear.,proof of" the -peacefu1.intentions of do not have relations with the United Nations. the People's Republic of China. \[e also agree with you when you affirmed that But Cambodia remains convinced that China's '-without adopting resolutions condemning U.S. impe- atomic power is the best guarantee for peace and best riafim. the African-Asian Conference will disappoint deterrent to the bellicosity and nuclear threats of U.S. I the people of Asia, Afriea and Latin America To hold imperialisrn" zuch a conference would be a waste." 1 f have said and written the same thing a long time 6. On the wornings to Britoin ond the United ago. Stotes (regording the use of Hongkong by the United I also approve of Your Excellency's staternent that Stotes os o bose for its wor of oggression ogoinst Viet "so far as certain countries are concerned, the more Nom). they denounce U.S. imperialism, the more bread they Western papers and others of the so-called free will probably get from it..." world have alleged that these warnings were proof of I will permit myself to state only that my country "the aggressiveness and incorigible bellicosity of the prefers not to have reeourse to such means which is People's Republic of China." equivalent to condemnable eomplicily with our enemies. Sincerely, Cambodia thinks quite the contrary. It The Afro-Asian countries that condemn U.S. imperial- thinks that these warnings are salutary not only as ism while eating its bread and pocketing its dollars regards Viet Nam, but also as regards world peace. betray the cause of our struggle and are retarding its Because only the firm'position of China has been outcome. able and will be able to check the bellicose elements of 4. On restoring to Chino its legilimole dghls in the "free" world and the U.S. imperialists in their atthe U.N. t€Ept to hurl tie s-orld into the flames of war. Carnbodia, on its part, knows and will always bear Cambodia supports completely the position taken by China on this question. in mind that the Americans and their lackeys in Bang- The United Nations should declare null and void kok and Saigon do not dare to carry war to her nor destroy her independence and territorial integrity just its resolution condemning China and the Democratic because of the warnings given them by the People's Re- People's Republic of Korea as aggressors; the U.N. public of China. Charter must be re-examined and revised by all countries of the world, big and small; all independent states That irs why our country considers China as our should be represented in the U-lI.; end all puppets of No. 1 friend. imperialism sbould be expelfed- Please accept. Mr. Marshal and dearest friend, the assuraDce of my highest and most affectionate regards. 5. On Grino'e delelopmem of nucleor orau N. Sihanouk We greatly value your statement "China has pledged Head of State of C:rnbodia never to be the first to use atom bombs. Our nuclear weapons will only be used for defence.'r Kunming, 14 October, 1965. Prince Sihonouk's Report on Visits to Chino snd Koreo o Speqking obout the sudden Soviet notificotion osking him to postpone his visit to Moscow, hince Sihonouk soid thot this yioloted oll diplomotic rules ond inter. notiono! etiquette, ond thot the Soviet leoders' uolte-foce wqs o deliberote insult to Combodio. o The relotions of friendship ond mutuol support which link Cqmbodio with Chino ond [oreo ore more sol:d thon ot ony time. JN a report on Octobs l? at a rally in Phnom Penh Prince Sihanouk added, "Chairman Liu Shao-chi r welcoming him back from his visits to China and solemnly reaffirmed in his speech that the People's Re- Korea, Cambodian Ifead of State Prince Norodom public of China would give Cambodia unfailing and Sihanouk said, "As in 1960, 1962 and 1g64, the welcome positive support in case of being subjecbed to aggression. in China has been very cordial and grand. The recep- FIe stressed: 'China's words always count.r tion in Peking was th6 rfiost impr€ssive and wonderful "Furthermore, Chairrrran Liu Shao-chi's statement in the world. In Chengtu, Chungking V/uhan, Harbin, hqs been firmly confirmed in the'Sino-Cambodian ioint Kunming, I also received demonstrations of moving statement which points out that the Chinese people will friendship." grve us all-out support in case of foreign aggressiono Octaber 22, 1965 is === [PDF page 20] === "An, exceptional -fact should, be pointed.out,"Jhat at least to assume the form of a'cable from Mikoyan ls, the Chairman of the Republic went especiaily to and Kosygin who are the authors of the official letter Harbin in the northerrunost province of China to of invitation for a visit to the Soviet Union addressed welcome me and accompany me in my private visit in to the Cambodian Head of State." that city. On that occasion, Chairman Liu Shao-ehi Prince Sihanouk said, "In ta'ct, lt should be pointed once again reiterated fhe support of the People's Re- out that if I was prepared to go to Moscow, it was not public of China and its high appraisal of our courage." at all" the result of a request on my part. Quite the Referring to Chlna's new aid to Cambodia, Prince contrary, it was clearly expressed in an invitation from Sihanouk said, "Details concerning this aid, studied in the Soviet leaders, addressed in the form of an official the course of two long tete-a-tete conversations betrveen letter and gave me the Iiberty to choose between Premier Chou En-lai and Norodom Sihanouk, cannot be two dates and two Soviet national festivals: May 1 or definitely decided until after on-the-spot studies of our November 7. These gentlemen even told me that I would needs (in education and public health) and of the pos- be very welcome either on May 1 or November 7. sibilities of our raw material (for industry) by missions "In the letter expressing my thanks, I accepted of Chinese experts led by a high government official." their invitation, and chose November 7. The Soviet leaders again expressed agreement that I make the visit Unpleosont ond Unexpected Surprise in November, and also indicated that they really be- Referring to the Soviet Union, Prince Sihanouk lieved in the significance of the visit which \i-e were said, "This country had an unpleasant and unexpected going to make. surprise in store for me." "Besides, the press communique of the Cambodian He said, "During my stay in Korea, I received, by News Agency and the newspapers in our country have telephone, an urgent request for an interview from the published these letters. The major international news U.S.S.R. Ambassador. Upon my positive response, this ageneies like the AFP have also carried news reports diplomat came to my residence at 21:30 hours on Octo- containing the main content of this matter." ber 8. He entered the drau,ing room u,here I rr.aited. He sat on a sofa with his legs crossed. Iater he lighted An Aftont Witftout hecedent a cigarette in a free and easy manner and started taking Prince Sihanouk pointed out 'The volte-face of the big puffs Soviet leaders for which they have made excuses that "After fhis curious beginning, he read to me in nobody in the world can take seriously constitutes an Russian a type--written note on a piece of old paper. affront without precedent." Ttris would shock any diplomat familiar with the usual He.added, "I do not know the real reasons the practice, Soviet Union has in inflicting upon me and through "I immediately had the text translated into French me upon my country - inri:xcusable such an absolutely by a Korean interpreter who himself was taken com- and ireparable affront- outright provocation for a pletely by surprise." rupture betrreen our two - eountries. I must point Prince Sihanouk went on. "This note infcrmed me out that certain obcervers in Moscow and Peking feel in a curt and ungracious st1'le that the Soriet leaders that it looks as if the Soviet leaders might have been would be pre-occupied and could not receive me in upset with some of the statements I made in Peking, November. Consequentll' my lisit should tre postponed and perhaps also with the Sino-Cambodian joint stateto a later date and arranged through diplomatic chan- ment." nels. Nevertheless, permission was granted me to go Prince Sihanouk said, "I can only find three things through Soviet territory to visit other socialist coun- which might have disappointed the Soviets to a greater tries in Europe. or lesser extent, in spite of the fact that I made no men- "This Soviet notification gives rise to my following tion of the Soviet Union. remarks: it was unexpected and really very strange "These three things are: because the delegation of Son Sann, charged w-ith the "We oppose nuclear monopoly. responsibility to arrange my trip to the U.S.S.R., had "A certain section in my last speech in Peking: informed me several days earlier that the Sortet Govern- 'certain countries which claim to be opposed to imment was ready and even eager to receive me!" perialism and friendly towards the Vietnamese people have advocated t"he holding of discussions without pre- Soviet Note Violoted All Diplomotic Rules conditions between the U.S. aggressor and its victim, He said, "The Soviet note violated all diplomatic the Vietnamese people. People certainly cannot menru1es, international etiquette and principles that all tion the robber and the robbed in the same breath, etc.' governments worthy of the name are obliged to apply "I am opposed to any reconciliation or compromise towards a head of state even if he is that of the smallest, with the imperialists." poorest and most insignificant country. He said, "There is nothing new in these three "This note in question is a simple and rough copy, points of Cambodia. They have been proclaimed for not even a piece of paper with the letterhead of the the last several months, in fact for the last sevbral Soviet Embassy in Pyongyang.... This letter, of years. But, apparently there may be other reasons which the content is already a very grave affront, ought which I cannot guess." 20 Peking Ret:is11s, No. 43 === [PDF page 21] === r "Today, unless the Soviet leaders disclose what the erable..to forge-.ahead. b5r..their, own..rneans and their actual reasons are for their deliberate affront to the own efforts Head of State of Cambodia, we, like the rest of the 'China which had once been a "recipient,, of Soviet world, can only guess. Personally, for the time being I aid finally adopted this latter solution. We hope that do not want to make any suppositions. But I would your country, Cambodia, will only have commercial like to tell you the views of certain members of our relations with foreign countries as soon as possible.', delegation. Prince Sihanouk said, "The lInited States has Before I made my statements in Peking and disappointed us, and now the Soviet Union has done Pyongyang, the Russians still believed that they could the same. This shows us how dangerous it is to rely on soften our position on the struggle against imperialism the so-called generous big powers for disinterested aid and on Viet Nam, notably by 'blackmailing through to the'under-developed' countries. It also substantially assistance.' After the statements, they understood that proves that the counsel of our Chinese brothers is their hope had come to nought, so they began to 'cut correct and pertinent." off the bridge.' He noted that "the Soviet Ambassador in Pyong- We are the expiatory victim of the discomfiture yang is much astounded at my refusal to make use of in which the Soviet Union has found itself in its rela- the 'permission' of transit accorded by the Soviet tions with our best friend, the People's Republic of Union for my visit to other socialist countries in China. Considering us to be pro-Chinese, they decided Europe. He s'ill be, uithout doub! the only one, I to treat us as anti-Russian! thinl failing to understand that such 'permission' is This is simply a manifestation of racrs'n the unacceptable and furrrniliafing for the head of a state Russians doser to the Americans because, doubtlessly small and poor but preserving after all, a like them, they are white. To thern, the lrellow peril' sense of dignity. refers above all to China and those vrho are friends of "I therefore express my apology to the leaders of the Chinese are their enemies." those countries for the postponement independent of Prince Sihanouk said, "As for me, as always, I am my will. But in-future; it will be difficult; if not imprepared to subject myself to the verdict of our sov- possible, for me to accept such an invitation, even ereign people. If it is proved that I have committed though official and formal, above all when it comes a political mistake in provoking this affront which from a country in the Soviet camp. Like the cat of the brings grave damage to our national honour, I am pre- fable, the Moscow precedent has indeed caused us sufpared to assume all responsibilit-v for this and to resign ficient alarm." as head of state." Prince Sihanouk added, "Without doubt, some medium and small countries may laugh at the insult To Forge Aheod on One's Own Efforts to which we have been subjected. But, perhaps, to "But if it is proved that neither rry acts nor my certain persons, the lesson w-ill help them to learn to words deserve the affront directed against us by the beware of the super-powers which are s,ooing thern Soviet leaders, then I, in order to defend the honour They too may some day experience the bitterness of of our country, shall call on the whole nation, espe- disillusionment." cially our fine sons and daughters, to apply, through Prince Sihanouk said, "The relations of friendship work, honesty, austerity and more sacrifices, the most and mutual support which link us with the two strong wise advice Chairman Mao Tse-tung and Chairman Liu and prosperous countries in Asia, the People's Republic Shao-chi have kindly given me: of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 'It is not a good solution to rely on foreign aid are Erore solid than at any time. Their respect and and loans for building a country and serving the peo- support for us are firmer and more comprehensive ple. If peopie want to remain free, it is infinitely pref- thaa ia t}r.e pasL" Chinese Foreign Ministry Denounces lndio's Attempt To Deny Its Responsibility for Aggression THE Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs sent a note ing the Tungchu La on the China-Sikkim boundary r on October 18 to the Indian Embassy in China refut- and were arrested on the spot by Chinese defence ing the note of the Indian Government dated September troops stationed there. Against this intrusion the Chi- 27, in which the Indian Government attempted to deny nese Government lodged a strong protest with the the intrusion of the three Indian soldiers into Chinese Indian Government on September 27. In its note of the tertitory and made false accusation against China. same day, the Indian side, instead of admitting its own The note pointed out: "On September 26, 1965, three mistake, falsely accused Chinese troops of crossing the Indian soldiers intruded into Chinese territory by cross- border and kidnapping three Indian soldiers and even October 22, 7965 21 === [PDF page 22] === lodged a so-caIled protest with the. Chinese Govern$ent. occasion has cumpletely beUed the ilenials of the Indian The Chinese Government categorically rejects this un- side. The three intru.ling Indian soldiers who were warranted and mischievous protest and expresses its arrested have personally admitted that they were sent surprise and indignation at the Indian praetice of wil- on orders to intnrde i.n1o Qhinese territory f,or reconfully confounding right and wrong." naissance; that they were arrested after intruding into The note said: "In the past few years, Indian troops Chinese territory in disregard of the warnings served have carried out repeated iutrusions and harassing by the Chinese defence troops on the spot. raids on the China-Sikkim border, The Chinese Gov- The note continued: "Th* culprits. and material ernment has repeatedly made representations to and evidence are all there. The lie paiastakingly eoncocted protested with the Indian Government, in the hope that the Indian side will rectify these errors. However, the by the Indian Government that Chinese troops crossed Indian side has turned a deaf ear to the words of the the border and kidnapped Inilian soldiers has been ex- Chinese Government and even taken advantage of ploded. The Indian Government is slapping its own China's forbearance to make shameless denials and face by lodging a counter-protest with China in an atprevarications, saying that if Indian troops have carried tempt to deny the responsibility for its crime and vilify out repeated intmsions and harassments, 'how is it that China. Facts are more eloquent than words. The there has not been a single case of an Indian soldier more the Indian Government insists on lie-making, the being caught on Tibetan territory?' (Reference remarks more will be the loss of face.'1 made by an Indian official spokesman on September The note pointed out: "The Chinese Government 17, 1965.) The Indian Government should understand once again advises the Indian Government to draw a that there is a limit to the Chinese Government's for- lesson from its past experiences and restrain itself. If bearance. The fact that Chinese defence troops have it insists on making intrusions and provocations, it will i now arrested three intruding Indian soldiers on a single corne to no good end," Chinese Defence Ministry Worns lndio to Stop All Provocotions A LEADING official of the Chinese Ministry of Na- "The Indian Government will absolutely not succeed fl 66n61 Defence said on October 19 that the Indian in its attempt to cvade its responsibility for aggression Government could in no way alter the fact that it had by vilifying China." instructed its troops to intruCe into Chinese territory The T\rngchu La, where the three Indian sol-diers for' reconnaissance and provocation. made the recent intrusion, was one 9f the important The official said this in an interview with a Hsinhua passes where Indiari troops had crossed tle long-delim: conespondent concerrring the three Indian soldiers who ited Sino-Silkim b_o{ndai:y and built a'large number intruded into China on September 26 and were arrested of mili.tary works for'ag-g_ression on the Chinese side by Chinese defence troops. of the boundary or on the b<iundgry itself since Sep. The three arrested Indian intruders are Lancenaik tember 1962, the official pointed out (corporal) Santokh Singh (No. 9202802). Sepol- (private) He added, "Even after the Chinese Government, on Nain Singh (No. 9202369) aod Duta Tam (l(o. 9?05999). Septernber 16, set a deadline for the Indian Government They have personally admitted that *by order of to dismantle these military works, the Indian troops our platoon leader, we three crossed the top of the entrenched at T\rngchu La still hung on and on. They Tungchu La (i.e., dividing ridge on the China-Sikk;m fled peil-mell only after Chinese troops had drawn close boundary) to make observation of Chinese troops." to obsen'e their activities. When they "entered Chinese territory," they said, "Horrever,.less.than eight day5 -later, Indian troops they "disregarded the warning of the Chine-se troops er".e bad< again. They came not only by this route, and ilIegally intruded 50 metres inside Chinese territory- This is an act of encroachment on Chinese territory,,, but dso from Toka La and Ya La and fired mortar This totimony, the Defence Ministry official said, and ri-fi.e rounds on Chinese tro.ops, wounding one Chi- "is a resouniling slap in the face bf the Indian.Govern- nse soldier and disrupting the producti.on of CNnese ment rvhich has slanderously alleged that Chinese trerdsmen." fuoops crossed the border and 'kidnapped' three Indian 'This is fresh evidenee of the expansionist ambisoldiers." tioa of the I'ndian reactionaries," th€ official emphasized. The official said, "the culprits and material evi- 'Thc Chinese defence troops stationed there ar€ dence'are all there. However hard the Indian Govern- dosely watching all the manoeuvres of the Indian exrl ment rnay try to concoct lies and turn things upside ponsionists and arg making serious eflorts to reinforce down, it can in.no way alter the iron-clad fact that the guarding of the frontier." lt has instructed its troops to intrude into Chinese ter- The Defence Ministry official also said: "We warn ritory for reconnaiseance and provocation. the Indian authorities in all seriousnss: stop all your 2Z Peking Retsieus, No. 43 === [PDF page 23] === proyocative activities immediately.. Do not mistake. "No one may take the liberty of encroaching on &G China's forbearance for a sign of weakness. Should sacred territory of China. If you ignore our advice and you cuntinue to act arrogantly and keep sending youi again dispatch yout troops to intrude into China for troops to intrude into Chinese territory for military provocations or fire on Chinese territory, you will be provocations, we will act justly in self-defence as we punished as you deserve; do not say that you rrere not The Three Indian Soldiers Con$ess Their Crinne of lntruding lnto China The three Indian soldiers who intruded into Chi- "On September 26, by order of our platoon leader, nese territory for reconnaissance and were arrested by we three crossed the top of the Tungchu La (i.e., divid- Chinese defence troops on September 26, have admitted ing ridge on the China-Sikkim boundary) to make that they did so on orders from their superior. observation of Chinese troops. When we entered Chi- Their testimony nails the lie of the Indian Gov- nese territory, Chinese troops repeatediy waved to us ernment which has tried to evade its responsibility for to stop advaricing and turn baek. But we disregarded this act of aggression by concociing the story that "40 the rvarning of the Chinese troops and illegally intruded Chinese soldiers" intruded into Sikkirn, "surrounded" 50 metres inside Chinese territory. This is an act of and "forcibly kidnapped" three Ind.ian soldiers. encroachment on Chinese territory; it is entirely our The testimony of the three Indian soldiers reads mistake. a.s follows: No. 9202802 Santokh Singh Nain Singh No. 9202369 Duta Lam s205999 September 26, 1965" The three Indian lntruit"o.hof"a bv Chinese dtefenca trcoDs. Fron right to left: Sepoy (private) Naia Singh, Lancenaik (corporal) Satrtoth Sinsh anal Sepoy Grivate) IlEt I,aE [Unreadable] Weapons carried bv the Inilirn ffiers Actuber 22, 1965 23 === [PDF page 24] === The Awokening Americon People Are Mqrching Forword ond Fighting aIrHE American people are swinging into action and, force against U.S. imperialisrn is now rising in the r together with the Vietnamese people, all the people heartland of U.S. imperialism-the United States itself. subjected to U.S. imperialist aggression and oppression and all peace-loving people throughout the world, they Johnson Compels the People to Tote Action are fighting against the Johnson Administration's war of It is U.S. imperialism which has compelled the -aggression in Viet Nam. The tidal wave of mass demon- awakened American people to finaily defy everything strations which is developing in the United States on end take to the streets to put an end to the rvar of an unprecedented scale indicates that the consciousness aggression against Viet Nam. The Johnson Administraof the American people has been rising rapidly. tion has sent more and more American youth to the In the last few days, the "National Days of Protest" south Viet Nam battlefield, where the U.S. troops of movement sponsored by the National Co-ordinating aggression already number more than 140,000. The Committee to End the War in Viet Nam has swept the Johnson Administration is also going to dispatch to United States. Some 60 cities are seething with ac- south Viet Nam U.S. trocps stationed in Europe. Washtivity. Thousands upon thousands of people have thror,,,'n ington has announced that it s-ilL draft 45,000 in Dethemselves into the struggle, shouting such resounding ce:nber:.nio ',he arrned io::ces. On the south Viet Nam slogans as "No more imperialist s.arsl" and "U.S,- get battlefield- American troops are engaged in large-scale out of Viet Naml'' Young Americans surounded re- batfles- Washington has evm resorted to intensive cruiting centres. burnt their draft cards and marched bombing with B-52 strategic bombers and the use of to arrnv bases. American women, holding their placards poison gas. The Johnson Administration has unscruhigh, asked ''horv many more mothers must mourn" pulously escalated its war of aggression in Viet Nam, the loss of their sons? Angry throngs held a "haunt- continued to expand the area of bombing and gone in" demonstration against General Taylor, a criminal so far as to caruy out military provocations against China in the aggressive war against south Viet Nam. Neither time and again. The American people, therefore, are the Johnson Administration's injunctions nor police faced with the real danger of a large-scale land war tear gas can prevent the American people's struggle' being torced on them by the Johnson Administration. against the aggression in Viet Nam from reaching a new Atl this has enabled them to see more elearly that high. This storm of the American people's struggle the path taken by the Johnson Administration of intenhas shaken the White House and caused great conster- sifying and expanding its war of aggression against nation among U.S. ruling circles. Viet Nam wili lead the Ameriean people to disaster and make them suffer senseless qacrifices for the profits Striling Choroaeristics of the monopoly capitalist groups. In these circumstahces, all oidinaiy' Americans cannot but seriously The struggle has striking characteristics. First, the movement is developing on a broader seale and with think things over, voice their opinion and take action. greater momentum than ever. It has rallied mass Now, they have gone into action and are stt'uggling to stop the Johnson Administration's military adventure, organizations composed of wide sections of the Amerito halt aggression and safeguard peac€. can people to take simultaneous, organized united action on a nationwide scale. This has never been known To cover up the U.S. imperialist crime of expanding in the history of the American people's struggle against the war, Johnson has tirelessly spoken tongue in cheek the U.S. Government's aggression abroad. Second, the about peace. One moment he says that the main aim goals of the struggle are more clearly defined, the slo- of the United States is to estabiish stable peace in gans are unmistakable and the struggle is spearheaded Southeast Asia and the next moment he claims that against the U.S. imperialist policies of aggression and "we seek no wider war." But every day in the United war. In this u,'ay, the struggle against the U.S. war of States, men are being drafted and sent to south Viet aggression in Viet Nam is closely linked with the Amer- Nam; there is war mobilization and armaments producican people's fight against monopoly capital and for tion is being stepped up daily. Where, within their their vital interests, and the struggle of the American own experience, can the American people see the barest lr people is closely linked with the struggle of the world,s sign of peace-seeking? Johnsonls stock of "peace" talk I people against U.S. imperialism. Since the end of can no longer fool them. World War II, the American people, through their ac- Today, the interests of the U.S. ruling circles lie h tions on an unprecedentedly wide scale, have demon- in intensifying and extending their aggressive war in strated their determination to maintain peace. A mighty Viet Nam, in sacrificing stiil more American lives and 24 Peking Reoieu, No. 43 === [PDF page 25] === squeezing out still bigger war profits. The American can people will be the grave-diggers df U.S. imperialism people love peace, but the rr-rling circles are made up of a group of blood-thirsty warmongers. This basic - the most cruel, reactionary and corrupt of all impe_ rialism. difference and antagonism between the American peo- U.S. lmperiolism ple and their rulers are not only irreconcilable, but will become ever sharper as the Johnson Administration - the Common Enemy The interests of the American people are in comcarries on its war adventure more wildly. plete accord with those of the Vietnamese and other peoples of the wor1d. U.S. imperialism is the common Will the American peopie look on while the Johnenemy of the world's people, including the Ameriean son Administration pushes their country into the abyss people. The V.ietnamese people,s struggle against U.S. of war? Wiil they continue to tolerate their government aggressiqtr and the str-uggles of aII countries and peosending their sons and husbands thousands of miles ples which are victims of U.S. imperi.alist aggression away as cannon-fodder. No. Definitely not. As their political consciousness grows, the American people,s and oppression are all support for the American people. Likewise, the American people's struggle against U.S. struggle against aggression in Viet Nam will also deimperialism consfitutes a support for the just struggles velop. Neither deception nor repr-ession by the U.S. of the Vietnamese and other peopies who are fighting rulers can block the development of the American peop1e's mass movement against the imperialist war. against U.S. aggression. So long as the Vietnamese people, the American people and the countries and Chairman Mao Tse-tung has pointed out,..It peoples of a.ll continents which are subject to U.S. ag- \ dlI be proved that the U.S. reactionaries, like all t'he gression, control, interference and bullying unite and reactionaries in history, do not have much shength. form the br:oadest united front, they can definitely de- In the United States there are others who are really feat the U.S. aggressors. smash the Johnson Adminisstrong the American people." It is the American tration's adventurous war plans and safeguard Asian people,- not the sabre-rattling U.S. reactionaries, who and world peace. will decide America's fate. The great, awakened Ameri- ("Renmin Ribao" editorial, October 18.) Coll of on Awokening Americo "Stop the Wor in Yiet Nom Now!" JT is the worst of the times: the Johnson Administra- columns on a protest march to the Oekland army base r tion is pursuing a neo-fascist poliry at home and *ith placards the Viet Nam war and torches abroad, committing Hitlerite crimes in Viet Nam and which ilfuminated ttre evening sky. They sang songs, elsewhere. It is the best of tbe times: the Ameri- waved flags and their placards read: "Stop LBJ's Tflar!" can masses, in their finest tradition, havs awakened '?{o More Imperialist Wars!" "U.S. Get Out pf Viet and sprung into action to protest Johnson's policy of Nam!" Encountering 1,400 policemen, 600 national aggression and war, demanding an end to the atrocious guardsmen, and some 1,000 hoodlums in the pay of and gruesome U.S. war in soutb. Viet Nam. - the Berkeley municipal authorities, the demonstr:ators Between October 15 aod 17, more than 100,000 turned back to the city's Constitution Square where American people of different ages, nationalities, occu- 5,000 of them remained to carry on a night-long vigil. pations and religious beliets took part in a mammoth The following day, about 3,000 people continued to protest movement initiated by tle Nafiona1 Co-ordinat- demonstrate and marched towards the Oakland base, ing Committee to End the War in Viet Nam. It was the main staging point for Viet Nam-bound American a popular movement engulfing some 60 American cities, troops and supplies. On the third day, another 2,000 big and small, from the New England states in the went to the base, some women pushing perambulators northeast to Texas in tJre south, from the Atlantic to holding small children who carried plaeards reading: the Pacific coast; a movement that enjoyed support not "Why aie we in Viet Nam? Why are we killing people? only at home but also the support qf rnany mass organ- We need an expl?nafi6s!" izations abroad; a movement that caused repercussions In New York City, 25,000 people marched down in many parts of the world from London to Buenos Flfth Avenue on the second day of the 3-day protest. Aires. With demonstrators marching eight abreast, singing One of the largest demonstrations was staged in and shouting slogans, the parade included cars carrying Berkeley, California, where some 10,000 persons, twice paper figures of Uncle Sam ne>it to a bloody Vietnamese the original estimate, attended an all{ay "teach-in" child on a stretcher and cartoons censuring the Johnrally on the campus of the Universit5r of California. son Administration's criminal acts in Viet Nam. The At the end of the rally, the demonstrators went in 12 marchers, including Puerto Ricans and a Latin Ameri- October 22,7965 25 === [PDF page 26] === I can contingent, were applauded' '". b.y crowds on the side-walk and also were photographed by F.B.I. agents for future persecution. Some American Nazi elements and ultra-Rightists [- broke into the parade to beat up the demonstrators who vrere undaunted and held a mass rally at the end of the demonstration. Similar meetings took place in many other cities, including Washington D.C., where many students picketed the armed services recruiting stations rvith placards saying: "Stop the draft, let Johnson do the fighting!"; Austin, Texas, Johnson's,# hometou.-n, rvhere, despite orders from the citl- authorities In Berkeley, California: At the start of the Nabanning demonstrations. 150 tional DaSs of Protest against rvar in Yiet Nam Iocal inhabitants participated in a street demonstration against Johnson's rr-er of aggres- At rhe same time, a campaign got under way callsion in Viet Nam. ing on people to refuse enlistnent- The spokesman of Beat-the-Draft Campeign. In tuany cities, the re- the Students for a Dernocratic Society announced on cruiiing crentres of the three armed services were the October 16 that-the organizatioo wq$ staging a nationdestination of the demonstrators. In New York City, wide "beat-the-draft-campaign." It{embers of its New several hundred youth demonstrated before the biggest Brunswick branch in New Jersey distributed many recruiting staiion there, rvhere a draft-age.young rnar pamphlets calling on American youih not. to go to soutir publicly burnt his draft-card. Aware that this had Viet Nam to die for the U.S. ruling circles. been mad,e a federal offenee under recent legisiation by Young Americans' Role. Young Americans, hitherto the Johnson Administration, this courageous youth said: known as "a silent generation," especially college stu- "I hope this will be a significant political aet." The dents, played an important role in the protest dernonstragovernment's calling up of young people through ihe tions. Students from a great number of universities and draft to fight and die in a war without glory has becolleges plunged into'action. Seven hundred and fifty come especially unpopular and the Johnson Administra- Yale students paraded and held a meeting; at Boston Unition has been so short of manpower in this unpopular rvar that it has not only recruited nen ly rved 1-oung versity leaders of the Negro movement and college professors strongly condemned U.S. aggression in Viet Nam, people but also immigrants who A professor oi political science in New Jersey's Madison have just cone Universils exp!:essd his hope before a rally there that to the Unitd victory would belong to the people of south Viet Nam; States-one young he was irrrmediately sacked after he had won much Scotsman, for in- applause from'thqlisterrers. Similar studenis' nrctests stance, was draft- took place in Portland,,Mairre; Santa Barbara, Califored only a few nia; Detroit, IVlichigan and in the state pf Colorado. months after land- The demonstrators in the 3-day protest represented ing in this country a rather broad'front against the Johnson Administraso full of "prom- tion's policies of aggression and lvar. There were workise." In Chicago, ers, students, housewives and professors; there were 300 people paraded whites and Negroes a1ike. United aS one they directed before a recruiting the spearhead of their struggie against the Johnson centre rvhile some Administration.and its war machine. 90 women picketed Washington was alarmed. Although the press offipl outside another e<ir of U.S: State Departmeni still alleged that.,there i with sigas ask- is wide pu-blic support for the Administration's policy,,' American Youth Daviil Miller burning: "Ifow naa*y his boss, Secretary of State Rusk, has cnontradicted him iag his draft-card at a New york more mothers must by coneeding that the Johnson Administration had acted meeting mourn?" "in ways which do not evoke universal approval,, and Peking Reui.ew, No. 43 === [PDF page 27] === taten steps '\phich are unpopular." The leader of the rEsotutton passed*here lodged a strong,,protest against National Co-ordinating Committee to End the War in U.S. aggression in Viet Nam," and urged the British Viet Nam, the sponsor of the protest movement, put it Government to "dissociate itself from American very *'ell when he said: "I think the governrnent got action." tlre message. The rnessage was that a very large num- Demonstrations also took place in front of the ber of people disagree with American policy in Viet American Embassies in Dublin, Brussels, Oslo, and Nam." He also announced that a new round of demon: Stockholm. strations would come off in November. In Bonn, West Germany, there was a three-hour I'he ruling circles in the United States naturally demonstration before the U.S. Embassy to observe the consider these demonstrations a thorn in their side. International Days of Protest against U.S. *ilitrry in- Ex-president Dwight Eisenhower branded the partici- tervention in Viet Nam. The demonstrators deiivered pants as "mistaken people," while ex-ambassJ,Cor to a written protest to the U.S. Embassy. It said that Saigon Maxwell Tayior, who-.was chased by some 60 American outrages in Viet Nam were as brutal as Nazr people in a "haunt-in" demonstratiori at Fox Point, Wisconsin, complained that the demohstrations lvere In Rome, leople gathered at the hall of the ancient "harmful'l to the U.S. "war effort" in south Viet Nam. Brancaccio Palace for a meeting and later came out in In the three days, the Johnson Administration not onlyr a procession from the Pa1ace to the Colosseum, waving used the armed forces and resorted to various despicable a large flag of the South Viet Nam National Front for measures, such as hiring thugs to make trouble. to sup- Liberation. A banner at the head of the columns carried press and underrnine the demonstrations- but also hinted the s-ords: "The students and professors of Rome that it rvas going to subject certain organizatiore and University stand against the U.S. aggression." individuals to political pensecution- In Australia and New Zealand,, where the governments have sent troops to help U.S, irnperialism fight Worldwide Repercussions the south Vietnamese people, there also rn'ere dernonstrations. In lltrelbowno" the Rev. Victor James called People in many countries have responded to the on unions, workers, churches and all Australians to call of the American Viet Nam Day Committee for a keep up a continuous protest against the criminal war tro-day protest against the American war in Viet Nam in south Viet Nam. He said that Australians must not (ry Rozed the Vofi.d.- p- 30.) only raise a demand for the withdrawal of Australian In fornfo, Canada, borh U-S- clrizecs acd Cana- troops but also for the withdrawal of the troops of dians demoastuatcd iD fr(nt d tb US Cmqrtale- Li.S. i=:,per:a1ism. Here. a resolutio yirs E<*d bfr a gilberipg of pemle Pro:est Ceronstrations took place in British to dissociate theryr$lvFq from the war against Vet Gidara and Argeatina and staternents pledging sup- Nam. port to the Aoerican people's mor.ement rvere issued fn London, there was a 36-hour-at-a-stretch dem- by the Afro-Asian People's SohdariEs Organrzation and onstration at Grosvenor Square in front of the 11 African nationalist political parties. The American American Embassy. A protest meeting was attended by people are not alone in their struggle against the Dr. Joseph Needham, a Cambridge professor, the Rev. Johnson Administratien's war and aggression in Yiet Francis Noble and Labour M.P. Sydney Silverman. A Nam. REI{MIIf BIBAO All Our Work Is for the Revolution,THE Four Seas are rising, douds and waters raging; culturg in agrieulture, industry, cosrrrerce; eomrmrniea: r T?re Five Continents are rockh,g, wind and thun- tions, post and telecommunications, or the buiiding der roaring." Ours is a great revolutionary era. Ours is a industry, in scierce, education, prrblie health; Sperts, great revolutionary eountlr. The times and our mother- Iiterature, art, journalism, publishing, or'in any other land demand of eomraCqs urolking on every front that trade or profession; in a vigorously developing move: they have the country in their hearts and a world view in ment or in some ordinary and trivial task:-- it all- be' their minds 'and fostes the idea of all our work being longs to the work of the revolution and is an rntegral for the revolution. part of our revolutionary cause. Our revolutionary Whatever w-ork we do in our cormtr5r in the cause, in turn, is a part of the world revolution. Every military fie1d, in foreign affairs, polities, economy or success we achieve at our working posts and in our October 22, 7965 27 === [PDF page 28] === I daily work is a contribution to the Chinese revolution to the revolutionary struggles of the oppressed nations and the world revolution. and peoples of Asia, Africa and Latin America and the revolutionary struggles of the people of the whole China is now in the midst of an upsurge in its world, The more our socialist construetion develops, socialist revolution and consiruction' Guided by the red the more proletarian internationalist obligations we banner of Mao Tse-tung's thinking, the Chinese people should undertake. are deepening the socialist education movement, carrying through a profound cultural revolution and at the same In short, the socialist revolution is more arduous, time developing in every branch of endeavour the mass complex and profound and richer in content than the movement "to compare with, lear-n from, catch up with democratic revolution. It involves dass stmggle, the and surpass the advanced and help those lagging behind'" struggle for production and scientific experiment; the In revolutionary practice and in the course of studying elimination of exploiting classes and systems of ex- Comrade Mao Tse-tung's works, the masses of people ploitation; and the wiping out of the three major difhave greatly raised their 1evel of political.conscious- ferences mentioned above. It comprises the revolutionness and broadened their view. An ever-increasing ary tasks within the country and the tasks of supportnumber of people are freeing themselves ideologically ing the revolution in other countries. We must confrom a narrow view of their life and tooking beyond sciously adapt our thinking, work and actions to these to the cause of socialist revolution and construction of revolutionary tasks and become conscious revolutionaries the li,hole country and the revolutionary cause of the both in socialist revolution and construction and in our entire world. "A1l our work is for the revolution" is support to the struggle of the people of the world. becoming a militant watchword of the masses of the people and cadres; it is also a reflection of the fine Whot ls Meont by Revolutionory V\lork? spiritual outlook of our PeoPle. Under the ru-le of the old reactjonary regimes, revolutionarw work was work of a special kind. It was Tosk of Our Sociolist Revolution "illegal- for one to take part in revolution. In joining The content of revolution varies in drfferent his- the revolution, one risked one's life and had to have torical periods. During the oerv-democratic revolu- the determination to be ready to sacrifice all. I'here tionary period, the major task rvas to seize state power was a very clear line of demarcation betweeri joining from the forces of imperialism, feudalism and bureau- and not joining the revolution. But, now, when one crat-capitalism. Its fulfilment was marked by the is taking up an occupation under the leadership of our founding of the People's Republic of China. China revolutionary regime and the socialist system, one is then entered the period of socialist revolution. To the simultaneously taking part in revolutionary work and proletariat, the seizure of state power does not mean actualiy rvorking for the revolution. Many people lack the end of revolution but the first step in a ten thou- a clear understanding of the question of rvhat is revsand-li long march. Our task is to make use of the olutionary work under these circumstances. They fail state machinery and rely on the masses of the people to realize that what they are doing is for the revolution so as to carry forward the revolution without interrup- and that an occupation which was not revolutionary tion. work in the old society turns out to be revolutionary Socialism is a very long historical period. Classes work in the new. and class struggle and the struggle betrveen the social- Some people know that joining the People's Liberaist and capitalist roads continue throughout this period' tion Army to defend the motherland is working for We must carry the revolution against capitalism into the revolution, that taking part in the socialist educathe political, economic, cultural and ideological fields, tion movement in the city or the countryside and u.agand @rry through to the end the socialist revolution ing the struggle for the socialist road against the and the struggle against our class enemies in China capitalist road means working for the revolution, bu+, and abroad. We must also thoroughly transform China's think that farming, working in the factories, feeding face of "poverty and. blankness," wage the r,evolution eattle or pigs, hair-cutting, cooking meals, standing against poverty and backwardness and build our coun- behind the counter, street cleanlng, collecting nighttry into a powerful socialist state with a modern in- soil, making clothes, taking part in sports activities, dustry, modern agriculture, modern science and technol- treating patients, delivering babies, and so on, cannot ogy and modern national defence. During the socialist be considered revolutionary work. Is this correct? period we must take active steps to narrow down Certainly not! T'hey think this because they fail to see gradually the differences between city and country- that farming, working in the factories and all such side, between industry and agriculture and between sorts of work under present-day conditions is similarly manual and mental labour. This is necessary j.n order in the servict of the people and socialism, and therefore to prevent the restoration of capitalism, root out the is also revolutionary work. They think this way also sources of capitalism and revisionism and prepare coe- because they only regard class struggle as revolution, rfditions for the future transition to commurism. At but not the struggle for production and scientific exii the same time, we should also give vigorous support periment. i 28 Peking, Reuieut, No. 43 === [PDF page 29] === ' Revolution means transforming the world, and ihis td$cbt'inttuences'and fbrie of habii carried over from embraces the transformation of both society and nature. the old soci.ety are very stubborn. They tend to lead peo- In our country the struggle to transform nature is p1e's thinking to narrow considerations of personal gain carried out under the leadership of the Party and state and loss and make them think about nothing else. These and constitutes an integral and important part of our old ideas, to different extents, affect many people, presocialist cause. Comrade Mao Tse-tung has taught us venting them from integrating their personal interests that "class str-uggle, the struggle for production and with the interests of the state and the collective, and scientific experiment are the three great revolutionary immediate interests with long-range interests. movements in buiiding a powerful socialist state." We These people either do not understand or have forshould always remember these tvords of Comrade Mao gotten that the happy life the people enjoy today is the Tse-tung. We must mobilize our revolutionary spirit hardwon fruit of the revolutionary struggles of the past, to wage the struggle for production and scientific ex- and that it is only by continuing the socialist revoluperiment as rvell as the class struggle, and with the tion till its completion and successfully carrying out same spirit undertake all work, even that which looks socialist construction that we can consolidate our revor:dinary and trifling. olutionary gains and further raise the people's standard of living. They also fail to understand that communism Everyone Con Contribute to Sociolism can be finally realized in China only when worldwide In our society', there is a dir.ision of labour betrreen r-ictory is w,on for the proletarian revolution. If one different trades and professiong all of which are indis- departs from this lofty political goal, one wiil see only pensable to our socialist revolution and construction. the trifl,ing things beneath one's nose, look alter and Each one of us can only do a part of the work of our consider onll'one's o\rn personal interests, and pursue collective cause and carry only part of the respon- exclusively one's personal enjoyment in life. Consesibility. But if we can do our part of the work '*,ell, that quently he will lose his revolutionary spirit and even means that we have fulfilled our duty to the revolu- degenerate. tion. The extent of our responsibility in doing different kinds of work may vary and the abilities of different Arming Oneself With Moo Tse-Tung's Thinking persons differ. yet the success rre achieve in every rvork To work consciously for the revolution demands and each person's contribution go into the common pool that one makes an earnest study of Marxism-Leninism of our collective cause and add io rhe edifie of soc:aiisand IIao Tse-tung's thinking and raises one's level of AII work in our c'ountr5r is for the revolution, yet revolutiona4; con-sciousness. When you are armed not everyoue realizes this and not everyone does his with Mao Tse-tung's thinking..vou acquire political work with a full consciousness of this. To have or not far-sightedness,!-ou stand on a height and command a have this consciousness makes a world of difference. By long perspective: you dare to struggle and are good working for the revolution consciously. we mean under- at it; 5rou have the mettle of a revolutionary and a standing that one's work is in the serr-ice of the Chinese realistic spirit; you are straightforward, honest, upright revolution and the world revolution, thereby linking and energetic. You will fear no difficulties, engage in one's ordinary day-to-day r,l'ork with the common creative labour and work miracles. effort of the whole nation to build a powerful socialist Mao Tse-tung's thinking has been transformed motherland, with the great task of supporting the revo- into a great material force in actual life. Such living Iutionary struggles of the people of the world, and examples as the People's Liberation Army, the Taching with the lofty goal of communism for which we are oilfield and the Tachai Production Brigade with their striving. By so doing, a man s'ill take it to be an honour soaring revolutionary spirit and energy have emerged to do his ordinary work and realize the in-rportance in the nation, countless heroes and outstanding colleceven of his trivial work; by so doing, he will exert his tives have sprung up one after the other on every front' best efforts, forge ahead with all his energy, constantly At different working posts, the greater the number of make new discoveries and inventions, and go on creat- the people who engage in a conscientious study of ing and advancing. On the contrarSr, if a man lacks Chairman Mao's g'orks and in conscious work for the such a consciousness, he rill not display a revolu- revolution, the greater will be the development of our tionary spirit but r,vill do his n-ork without spirit, be- revolution and the more our cause will prosper. In a come conservative and make Do progress. He will work country such as ours, with almost one-quarter of the as if he were not engaged in revoluiionary work. i worid's population, il everybody develops a revolu- The idea of working for the revolution and the idea tionary spirit, carries through the revolution consciously of working for oneself are two diametrically opposed and displays a militant enthusiasm, the Chinese peoworld outloriks. We must foster the id.ea that aI[ our ple will be able to make a still greater contribution to work is for the revolution. This demands that we per- tlie cause of revolution throughout the world. sist in placing politlcs in command, promote proletarian ideology and eliminate bourgeois ideology. The ideo- ("Renmim Ribq.o" ed,itorial o! October 11, 1965') October 22, 7965 29 === [PDF page 30] === ROUND THE WORLD troops have been involved in Viet Narn-" Ttre actual figures given by the Liberation Armed Forces are over _ 200 paratroopers killed or wounded and ten aircraft downed. ln S. Vief Nam.' Today, in south Viet Nam, when ' Johnson Foces o People's Wor the enemy sets out to fight the Liberation Armed Forces he either. American reinforcements keep cance. They have ushered in the pres- suffers heavy blows or finds no one pouring into south Viet Nam, where ent powerful movement among the to fight against. General Westmore- Washington's "dirty little war" is people's armed forees in south Viet land has boasted that his men would daily expanding. The last two Nam to wipe out the U.S. i.nvaders. blast the people's forces if only they brigades of the U.S. First infantry could find them. It is true that "the One example showing the strength Viet Cong have been extraordinarily Division began landing at Vung Tau of the people's forces is the battle of hard to find or fix." But when the in the first. week of October, bring- Thuan Ninh. This mountain village is ing the number of aggressive U.S. aggressors do find the people's forces, in Binh Dinh Province, just 30 kilo- it is not easy forces in south Viet Nam to over metres northeast of An Khe, the base to "fix" thern; on the 140,000. How many more will come contrary, they overrun the enem5,- as carnp of the newly arrived First they did in the battle of is anybody's guess: some say a total Cavalry (air mobile division), whose Ninh. Thuan of 225,000 by the end of this year; mission it was to extend its "zone of others say 300,000 by mid-1966. It influence" from the sea coast to the Today, the south Viet Nam Liberais reported that before long the U.S., Cambodian and Laotian borders, to tion Armed Forces are concentrating in addition to the 173rd Airborne launch offenslr.es. accord:.ng to L'.S. on rviping out the enem)-'s effectives, Brigade and a brigade of the 101st Neu's & Il'orld Report. r,rith a "con- platoon by pl"atoon and company by Airborne Division, rvill have four full tinuai round oi sir-eeping operations." oomtr>any. Ttrey attack on all battle divisions in south Viet Nam The lOlst Airborne Division was fronts and theif ways of annihilating -'rhe First and Third Marine divisions, the essigned the task of clearing the way the enemy are varied, including First Cavalry and t}te First Infantry. for the First Cavairy Division. It mining, surprise atta-cks, intercept- At the same time, thousands of chose first to raid Thuan Ninh, be- ing enemy reinforcements while American troops are working round lieving it to be where the Liberation storming strongholds. One recent the clock at south Viet Nam's Cam Armed.Forces were massed. On example of the latter tactics is Ranh Bay, where the construction of Sept. 18, 2,000 paratroopers headed provided by the battles in the Phu a U.S. "logistical hub" is under way. for Thuan Ninh in trvo groups, one Cu area in Binh Dinh Province, 70 Helicopter pilots and stocks of U.S. in helicopters and the other advanc- kilometres north of Qui Nhon. On arms and ammuniLion are being ing by land under artiller5r cover. September 23, the Liloeration Armed transferred from Western Europe to Forces attacked and overran l,he im- The American paratroopers landed south'Viet Nam. As dirty as ever. in portant Phu Cu post along Highway a s:rip 500 metres long and 200 the war of aggression being u-aged metres wide sr-ith two hills at the One and later intercepted two reinby the U.S. in Viet Nam, is no longer forcement units from Phu Cat and north and another one at the south. 1ittle. Neusneek reported that "the troop- Bong Son. Following these attacks But this does not mean, as the ers landed literally in the midst of a the enemy defence system along the American press has claimed, that the Viet Cong battalion and, as the entire highway was greatly shaken. military situation is improving in helicopters came in for a landing, the In Binh Dinh today, the U.S. puppet favour of the aggressors. With more Viet Cong dove into prepared posi.- forces have to depend on air transport G.I.'s pouring in, U.S. strategy is to tions and began pouring deadly fire to bring in men and suppl.ies. extend "zones of influence" from the into the paratroopers." Some 50 sea coast and move inland to attack enemy planes were called up but by In a nutshell, the many scattered, the liberated areas. As the U.S. ag- then the men of the Liberation Army sma1l areas of liberated teruitory gressors become more and more in- s'hich dotted the land from the 17th had already started bayonet charges parallel down to Cape Ca Mau, volved in the ground war, their and were so close to the enemy that casualties are mounting and so are air attacks were impossible. One from the western mountain areas their losses in weapons. IncompJ.ete American officer told a Neu:staeek across to t}le eastern coast, have been statistics give the U.S. casualties be- reporter that their own men linked together until the countryside were tween March 'and September this killed now encircles the cities. "because of Air Force bombs year as 5,000, about four-fifths of dropping so close." Reporting on the these resulting from battles in the losses, the same American magazine central highlands. wrote: "Undisclosed U.S. casualties, These battles, while inflicting though officiaHy described as 'mod- coERECfiON: In ltn€ 3 0f "The Week'r in issue No. 42 of Peking -Reui€@ (October 15), heavy casualties on the enemy, have erate,' were among the heaviest in "former Prince Begent of Thailand'l should also a very great military signifi- any single action in"which American read "former Reg€nt of Thailand.'? 30 Peking Reuiew, No. 43 === [PDF page 31] === ln the United Stater: call of the National Co-ordinating Committee to End the War in Viet People Oppose "Johnson's Wcr" Nam which was organized by 33 mass organizations in the country, "I have a son who is now in Viet war and these letters are but one of the National Days of Protest say Nam. My husband served in World the many ways the American people straight out that the American peo- War II. Our country was at war. have used to voice their objeetion. ple do not want war with the Viet- But now, this time, it's just some- And when words failed to budge namese people. thing that I don't understand. Why?" the Administration from its policy International Days of Protest. At This was written to Johnson from of aggression and war, they were the same time; the Viet' Nam Day the Midwest by one American mother followed by action. Local organiza- Committee issued an appeal proclaimwho wanted to know what her son tions for stopping the.war -have ing October 15 and 16 International was fighting for in south Viet Nam. mushroomed in many U.S. cities. Days of Protest, adding that the She was only one of the many They have unfolded diversified forms struggle for self-determination in thousand American ' mothers and of struggle. In New York, BerkeleY, other continents u'as related to the wives who want, and have a right. Chicago, Detroit and Washington struggle for democracy in America. to. know. Johnson gave no real D.C., meetings have been held in answer because, he said, the ansrver chapels. theatres or on streets; people "The Viet Nam war," it said, was "not an easy one." But Johnson have distributed leaflets or made "has also illuminated' the political crises in the U.S.A.... The Ameriwas dodging. And the reason for house-to-house visits. enlisting others this, as it is now dawning on the to join in the struggle. A camPaign can people are treated as objects to American people, is that the war in known as "carr5i-the-war-protest-to- be ignored or manipulated. They south Viet Nam is a war of aggres- the-neighbourhoods" is sweeping the voted for peace, but they received a country. Thgre have -been public policy of war. Every day, people in sion an unjust war. - protest demonstrations and cases of the U.S. are coming to see that the With the escalation of the war, young servicemen refusing to go to struggle for civil rights, the struggle the American people's opposition to south Viet Nam. One old ladY made against poverty, the struggle for free it is also mounting. growing both in her protest by burning herself to speech in the universities and the death. Opposition began with stong have at least one basic element in As the strrggle soes on. the PeoPle common: the inability of the Americriticism of the goverrrment's policl,'- have begun to tzrke a broader vies' There have been teach-ins among can peopie to play a role in the deciof things arotmd t.hem- lteY hare sions which affect their Iives." the intellectuals, declarations and come to see that their struggle against letters of protests from people in all the Viet Narn war is connected with Concluding. the appeal said that r,r,alks of 1ife. One correspondent ex- people throughout the rvorld must the struggl.e for their fundamental posed Johnson's lie that to fight in rights, for freedom and democracY, now move beyoud single demonstra- Viet Nam rvas to help the south connected also wlth the struggle tions and rallies to one massive inter- Vietnamese people fight for "free- against class and racial oppression; nationally co-ordinated action. In dom"; why in south Viet Nam, and and, too, that ail these struggles the United States, on the days of whv not in south Africa where many should be directed at the one and protest, it said, the people would, people were jailed because they stood same enemy, the U.S. ruling class through acts of massive civil disup for fundamental human rights, whieh the Johnson Administration obedience, block the gates of army he asked. Others scoffed at Johnson's represents. For instance, there is bases from rvhich troops and muni- "peace talks" fraud. Don't tell us now a saying among the fighters of tions are being sent to Viet Nam. The such lies as that widening the war the Negro movement: "Freedom in appeal asked t,Lat organizations is an act for peace, they said. An- both Setma and Saigon!" throughout the world take the most other wondered iJ letting American militant and dramatic actions comyouth kill people and be killed was These manY Protests and demonstrations have now culminated in still patible with local conditions on the real meaning of Johnson's "Great Iarger protest meetings and demon- October 16. Society." One American couple expressed anxiety that if the U.S. constrations, which tinued to overrun a country in an took place beattempt to save a government which tween October 15 and 17, known received no support of any kind from its own people, it would go as the National Days of Protest down in history as a t5zrannical (see p.25). Sponpower. sored by the These are sorlre of the letters the American Viet American public have sent to the U.S. Nam Day Com- Senate in protest against Johnson's mittee at the fYom Two Sides Cartoon bA Lan Chien-an October 22, 1965 31 === [PDF page 32] === = RADIO PEKING ——— | Presents: WHAT WE SAW IN TIBET — Interview with three recent visitors to Tibet ISRAEL EPSTEIN author of Unfinished Revolution in China (1947) DOUGLAS LAKE New Zealand journalist FLORA RUSSELL Australian visitor On the air; November 3, 1965 Re-broadcast: November 12, 1965 Selections from the new Chinese dance-drama ROAR, RIVER CONGOI Schedu'ed for November 21, 1965 after the “Sunday Programme for African Listeners™ Wh Sopa RB ¢ RE | +t RS |) S4 Serpette RADIO PEKING’S English Language Transmissions EAST & SOUTH AFRICA 2300-24:00 20:30-21:30 (Delhi, Colombo) Al, 40, 30 x (West Pakistan) Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands (East Pakistan) 0:00-0:00 18:00-19:00 (Cape Town, Salisbury) 0, 30, 25 20:40-21:40 (Kathmandu) 19:00-20:00 (Dar-es-Salaam) 01:00-02:00 1900-2000 (Cape Town, Salisbury) 0, 0, 25 2000.21.00 (Denes Salaam AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands WEST & NORTH AFRICA 16:30-17:30 1830-1930 (Aust. 5.1.) 25, 19, 16 Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands 20:30-21:30 (N.Z.S.T.) 03;:30-04:30 18:45-19:45 (Monrovia) 50, 43, 31 17:30-18:30 19:30-20:30 (Aust. S.T.) 25, 19, 16 19:30-20:30 (Accra, Freetown) 21:30-22:30 (N.Z.S.T.) 20:30-21:30 (Lagos) 21:30-22:30 (Cairo) 04:30-05:30 19:45-20:45 (Monrovia) “50, 43, 31 EUROPE 20:30-21:30 (Accra, Freetown) 21:30-22:30 (Lagos) Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands . 04:30-05:30 130 (G.M.T.) 58, 51, 48, 42 SOUTHEAST ASIA 330 (Stockholm, ° Paris) Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands 05:30-06:30 21:30-22:30 (G.M.T.) 51, 48, 42 20:00-21:00 19:00-26:00 (Western Indonesia, 252, 224, 32 22:30-23:30 (Stockholm, Parts) sont, 1 19:30-20:30 (Singapore! 31, 25, 19: : 20:00-21:00 (Saigon, Manila) NORTH AMERICA (East Coast) i 18:30-19:30 (Rangoon) ow 21:00-22:00 -—-20:00-21:00 (Western Indonesia, 224, 32, 31 Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands voao-21.a0 (eee 08:00-09:00 -19:00-20:00 (E.S.T.) 25, 19 2 ie0-22.00 fee en. tanita) 25, 19 09:00-10:00 -20:00-21.00 (E.S.T.) 31, 25, 19 19:30-20:30 (Rangoon) 1000-11:00 21:00-22:00 (E.S.T.) 31, 25, 19 = SOUTH ASIA f. NORTH AMERICA (West Coast) Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Banda 5 22:00-23:00 —19:30-20:30 (Delhi, Colombo) 41, 40, 30 Peking Time Local Standard Time Metre Bands > 19:00-20:00 (West ' Pakistan) 00412: 00-204, 20.0001 00 feent Paki / 11:00-12:00 _19:00-20:00 (P.S.7.) 31, 25, 19 | 19:40-20:40 (Kathmandu) 12;00-13:00 -20:00-21:00 (P,S.T.) 31, 25, 19 [re-OCR’d Oct 18 2026: tesseract 200 dpi, replaces text-layer text for this page] === CORRECTED KEY PASSAGES (proof-read by Claude, Oct 2026) === --- [page ] --- PDF: 01 Primary Sources/1.5 Newspapers and Periodicals/Peking Review and Chinese periodicals (1958-1966) - issues on Gerwani/Peking Review (1965-10-22) - No. 43, Djakarta calls to dissolve PKI and Women's Movement of Indonesia [MIA PR1965-43].pdf Text from the PDF text layer; pages marked "re-OCR’d Oct 18 2026" were re-OCR’d with Tesseract because the text layer scored Poor. OCR errors remain. === [PDF page 1] === PEKING REVIEW PROTEST TO INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT Indonesian army unit's raid on Chinese Commercial Counsellor's Office in Djakarta Drastic Changes in Indonesian Political Situation A round-up report by Hsinhua News Agency Sino-Cambodian Friendship 1. Premier Chou En-lai speaks on relations between the two nations 2. Vice-Premier Chen Yi's speech 3. Prince Sihanouk's report on his visits to China and Korea Foreign Ministry Note to India Denouncing India's attempt to deny its responsibilities for aggression [re-OCR'd Oct 18 2026: tesseract 200 dpi, replaces text-layer text for this page] === [PDF page 2] === Subscribe to The English Language Magazines of China PEKING REVIEW A weekly magazine of China's views on current international questions, theoretical articles and important documents, and authoritative coverage of developments in China, with illustrations, cartoons, maps and charts. Airmailed to subscribers the world over. CHINA RECONSTRUCTS A popular, illustrated monthly magazine. It describes economic achievements in China's socialist construction and her social and cultural progress, explains what animates the staunch and self-reliant spirit of the Chinese people, and introduces China's traditional arts. Also included are articles on Chinese history, current affairs and subjects of general interest. Features include a