PKI leader dies in Nusakambangan camp, 100,000 political prisoners

=== [PDF page 1] === Page 10 DAILY WORLD Tuesday, November 4,1975 yntenMOtctoULl'JtecM Fierce in-fighting in Franco regime A fierce, behind-the-scene power struggle in pre sently going on within the Franco regime, the West European capitalist news media have reported in the past few days. The visit last week of Gen. Manuel Diez Alegria, former Chief of Staff of the Spanish armed forces, to London to see Spanish Am bassador Manuel Fraga Iribarne, has provoked intense speculation. Gen. Diez Alegria, known as a liberal who favors bourgeois demo cracy in Spain, was fired by Franco last year when the Spanish dic tator’s entourage became nervous about developments in neighboring Portugal. Gen. Diez Alegria still today enjoys immense popularity aming Spanish professional military officers. Fraga Iribarne, Madrid’s Ambassador to London, is a former Minister of Information and Tourism generally described as the most “left” of all the individuals in the top ranks of the Spanish regime. He is a strong advocate of bourgeois parliamentary demo cracy. According to some sources, he is being considered for the Premier’s post by Prince Juan Carlos de Borbon. Shortly after Juan Carlos took over as head of state from the dying Franco last week, there were deliberate “leaks” to the press that the representatives of the playboy prince had been in contact with some left and democratic circles in Spain. It was said that the Duke of Arion, a close friend of Juan Carlos, had contacted Joaquin Ruiz Gimenez, leader of the left wing of Spain’s illegal Christian Democratic grouping. Great fears have been expressed by Spanish democrats over the fate of numerous political prisoners in Franco’s jails, especially Carabanchel prison in Madrid. It is feared that rightists in the secret police, after the death of Franco, might try to kill the politi cal prisoners, on the principle that “dead men tell no tales.” The Western Sahara issue is being used by Juan Carlos to di vert attention from developments at home, Madrid sources said Monday, but the problem is a real one. Premier Ahmed Osman of Morocco arrived in Madrid on Monday on a surprise visit and met with Juan Carlos and Premier Carlos Arias Navarro. Secretary General Kurt Waldheim of the United Nations was in Agadir, Mo rocco, scheduled to confer with King Hassan II. THE USSR CONGRATULATED ALGERIA on the 21st anniver sary of the start of the armed national liberation struggle (Novem ber 1, 1954). The Nov. 1 message was signed by Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Presi dent Nikolai Podgorny and Premier Alexei Kosygin. It was sent to President Houari Boumedienne of Algeria. The message said: “In the years since the victory of the Alge rian revolution, which has played such an important part in the development of the African national liberation movement, the Alge rian people have carried out major socio-economic transformations and have scored great successes in promoting national economy and culture. “Hailing the successes achieved by the friendly Algerian people, the Soviet people wish them new successes and victories along the road of socialist development they have chosen,” the Soviet leaders’ message said. ZAIN NASUTION, AN INDONESIAN COMMUNIST LEADER, DIED OCT. 3 in the concentration camp where he had been imprisoned for 10 years, it was learned Friday. Nasution, 50, as a member of the cen tral committee of the Communist Party of Indonesia and former secre tary of the CPI foreign affairs commission. He died in the Nusakembangan concentration camp, located on a fever-ridden, swampy island just off the south coast of Java. There are today at least 100,000 political prisoners in Indonesia who are threatened with the same kind of “slow death” by “natural causes,” i.e., sickness, lack of medical attention, starvation, malnutrition, exposure, etc. Nusakembangan camp became notorious during Indonesia’s strug gle for independence from the Dutch colonialists, who had set it up as a “death camp” for their opponents. SYRIA WANTS PEACE, PRESIDENT HAFEZ AL-ASSAD said Sunday at a dinner in Damascus in honor of visiting President Leo pold Sedar Senghor of Senegal. The Syrian President said: “Syria has taken an absolutely clear position on a Middle East settlement. A just peace in the Middle East can be established only on the basis of the well known United Nations resolutions. These resolutions demand Israeli withdrawal from all occupied Arab lands seized in 1967 and recognition of the legitimate rights of the Arab people of Palestine. It was for these objectives that the Syrian people fought in the 1973 war against the Israeli aggressors.” AN IRISH COMMUNIST LEADER CONDEMNED THE PROVI SIONALS GROUP in Northern Ireland for what he called “sense less murders.” James Stewart. Assistant General Secretary of the Communist Party of Ireland, told the Soviet news agency TASS that the ' Provos'' recently have launched a series of terrorist operations and have killed members of the Official Irish Republican Army. The Official IRA. Stewart emphasized, is working jointly with Irish Communists to fight religious sectarianism in Northern Ireland and to unite workers regardless of their religious affiliations. Stew’art heads the Northern Ireland branch of the CPI, which takes in all of Ireland. U.S., Soviet sea research plumbs planet’s drift By ANDREI MONIN MOSCOW (APN) — The U S. drilling ship “Glomar Challenger” is currently at work in the Black Sea. Its objective is to obtain a core of seabed sediment from as great a depth as possible, and to decipher the history of the Black Sea from that. Oceanography is expected not only to provide confirmation for the tectonics theory, the theory of continental drift, but should also offer a model explaining what forces have produced this move ment. Today there is no doubt that the gigantic plates which we call con tinents are in constant motion. It is important for mankind not only’ to know their past history but their possible future. Drilling the sea floor will help in predicting what the surface of the earth will look like in hundreds of millions of years. ‘Pool’ formed Soviet scientists and investiga tors of other countries who have formed a “pool” — an interna tional company for the exploration of the ocean floor — regularly take part in the cruises of the “Glomar Challenger.” This vessel has already dis covered the trace of a fissure at a depth of one mile off the shores of southwest Africa. It was surmised that the fissure had formed at the time when South America broke off from Africa, because of de posits found at the bottom of the fracture: a thick layer of rock salt reaching for hundreds of yards called evaporite (as the salt was formed by evaporation of fresh water). These evaporites have been lift ed aboard the “Glomar Challeng er” from the bottom of the Medi terranean. The evaporites turned out to be the layer reflecting seis mic waves, called “reflector M.” The evaporite layer, about a mile thick, covers the entire seabed and is overlaid by a few hundred yards of loose sediments. Evidence of drift Scientists analyzed the discov ery in the context of the hypothe sis that the Strait of Gibraltar was closed several times as a result of the drift of the African conti nent towards the European conti nent. If this is true, then the Medi terranean, at certain times, be came a lake and dried up gradual ly. Later the tectonic drifts of the continental blocks “re-opened” the Strait of Gibraltar, and the dried-up bowl was again filled with sea water. Since 11 layers of rock salt were discovered on the sea floor and in Sicily, alternating with gypsum, and with anhydrite at the edges, this “open-close” play of nature probably took place 11 times. Canyons created The hypothesis is also con firmed by other findings. The Med iterranean is from 1.5 to 2 miles deep. This means that a pit could have been formed when it dried up, and the rivers that emptied into the sea could have created deep canyons. Such a canyon was found under neath the Nile by Ivan Chumakov of Moscow University, one of the first to suggest that the Mediter ranean level dropped and the riv ers formed waterfalls. Another canvon was found beneath the Rhone. We may regard as proven the theorv that the Atlantic Ocean gave rise to a kind of waterfall when it “broke through” the Strait of Gibraltar. Evidence is furnished by deep-water sediments in the Strait area and by remains of deep-water, cold-blooded ani mals which died when rivers re placed the cold water of the At lantic in supplying water to the sea. At some geological periods the Mediterranean became a fresh water reservoir like Lake Mer which, eight million years ago. lapped at the shores of the region where the Caspian and the Black Sea are found today. Giant Mesozoic basin Geologists hold that the Black Sea is a remnant of the Tetis Ocean, a giant basin of the Meso zoic period. During this time, sedi ment. washed from the land, ac cumulated on the ocean floor. Therefore, the length of the core raised by the “Glomar Challeng er” drill will be extensive even if it represents sediment only over a hundred-thousand year period. Its lamination, or the consecutive layers of sediment, provide a code for unravelling major geological events up to the glaciation period. The oceanographers hope to dip into the history of the Pleistocene — the Quaternary period — which took place a million or 1,500,000 years ago. During this time four glaciation periods took place. It has been established that the glaciers slid down towards the sea along the Dnieper and the Don Rivers. Everything that they brought along should be contained in the core. Drilling through the seabed is taking place at depths of up to a mile. Ore-bearing area Soviet geologists have chosen for their work a deep-water area of the Black Sea in the neutral waters southeast of the Crimea. Great hopes have been pinned on this voyage, since the plate tec tonics theory was confirmed a few years ago after the discovery by Alexander Lisitsyn, Doctor of Geological-Mineralogical Sci ences, of the ore-bearing provin ces in the area of mid-oceanic ridges encircling the globe. Last spring, Academician Vla dimir Smirnov, Lenin Prize win ner, known for his theory of the volcanic origin of ore-bearing re gions, joined the team of scien tists on board the Soviet research ship “Dmitry Mendeleyev.” At the moment, he is studying the ocean bed to discover if the same mechanism accounts for the out crop of ores from the mantle both through the volcanic pipe and the rifts that divide and encircle the earth under the mid-oceanic ridges. A group of marine biologists headed by Nikolai Parin, Doctor of Biological Sciences, aboard the reseerch ship “Vityaz.” has investigated life in up to six-mile troughs in the Australasian seas. This research is being conduct ed according to the scientific tra dition of the late Academician Lev Zenkevich. He believed that it was always cold at poles of the earth, where water temperature never rose, and that therefore the cold water near the poles always descends and the most ancient or ganisms are found in it. The age of the remains of fauna found there confirms the hypothesis. Furthermore, the conclusions drawn by marine biologists are in agreement with the calculations of geophysicists. It has been shown that the cli mate at the poles is most stable. The poles have never thawed and have never become meadows or forests. Their role in the forma tion of the climate has not changed either. The poles are a permanent factor. Thus, it can be said that our geophysical calcula tions in many respects support the theory of global tectonics. Monin is corresponding mem ber of the USSR Academy of Sci ences, Director of the Institute of Oceanology. Cuba to help Jamaica meet its droughts MICHAEL MANLEY HAVANA (PL)—Cuba will pro vide Jamaica with technical as sistance in hydraulic engineering and in building microdams re quired because of Jamaica’s fre quent droughts. • The announcement was made by Jamaica’s Prime Minister Michael Manley who added he would visit Cuba in July. Cuban experts, he said, will soon arrive to make sure* that Jamaica farmers will have water for their crops and cattle in time of drought. He said that other reform pro jects in Jamaica include revision of the land tenure system, redis tribution of lots, promotion of farm coopertives and state farms, and state financial and technical assistance to farmers.