Indonesia: Periodic Reports on Internal Political Situation (FO 371/180309, 1965)

=== [PDF page 1] === 180309 Go CLOSED UNTIL (ATG === [PDF page 2] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) CONFIDENTIAL SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT 1965" | eae apoyo) SIS ag Repat me lectus om the Nh- Tork haue prot cesar, Aha. frase Dated J anne Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: (Outward Action) MINUTES (Printing Instructions) 180309 (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) is} Pt === [PDF page 3] === Pure) (1011/65) YU haa British Embassy, Cate Djakarta, January 27, 1965. DH 013]! I have not left enough time before the bag closes to do justice to a report to you on developments on the home front over this last week - not that all that much has been going on. Here are some items of news and comment. a) Chairul Saleh and Adam Malik, though both still under fire from the left wing, seem to be holding their ow - at least with “oekarno himself; and there is no sign of the Cabinet changes about which I wrote to you earlier this month, materialising yet awhile $m—tre~immediato—fAitunme. Here are some examples of left Wing attacks. At a joint meeting recently of SOBSI, GASBINDO and a group of lMarhaenist trade unions, resolutions were passed demanding that Malik be sacked and that SOKSI be disbanded. Today Harian Rakjat, the PKI newspaper, criticised as too little and too late Chairul Saleh's recent decision about the size of the Lebaran bonus to be paid to workers in the state corporations (I need not fuss you with the details) b) The chief complaint against Chairul Saleh, however, came in that attack by Aidit which we reported in our telegram No. D tracked _#49 of January 22. A full account of this appeared in Antara; — and Sulu Indonesia, the PNI newspaper, had a lively story about PR it. Chiefly for the benefit of I.R.D. I thought it would be worthwhile sending you full summaries of both these articles. They are enclosed. The point in these articles to which - would particularly draw your attention is the way Aidit makes it seem that Ali Sastroamidjojo, the PNI leader, was wholeheartedly on Aidit's side; and well he might; according to Sulu Indonesia the Secretary General of the PNI has expressed support of Aidit's proposal to arm the peasants (see below). c) On January 22 Antara reported that a number of members of the Supreme Advisory Council had recently proposed that the Government should “retool” certain sections of the state apparatus and take firm measures against “economic manipulators and D. Tonkin, Esq., Sath Hast Asia Department, Foreign Office, London, S.W.1. CONFIDENTIAL /corruptors === [PDF page 4] === CONFIDEN TIAL corruptors", At the end of the meeting Soekarno, who was present in his capacity as Chairman of the Council, formed a committee to draw up concrete proposals. +hese proposals have not yet emerged into daylight, but it is pretty clear that one of them is going to bring about the creation of a Department of Price Control. The original idea ( not Soekarno's, surely - more likely Malik's) was to edge communists whey this new ministerial post. That would have been a clever move - it would have met= PKI demands for a greater share in the government, and at the same time made the communists responsible for the very matter, price levels, which haf%® been the main target of PKI criticism. I gather that a number of candidates were mentioned, including ( uccording to one report which I distrust) Aidit himself. Warta Berita, the pro-Murba newspaper, reported on JanuaryZ3 that GH only two candidates had been nominated by Soekarno - Brigadier General Sutarto and Sujono Atmo. I don't know anything about either of these people; but last night I heard that, in fact, the job was going to go to the Governor of Cnetral Java. I will report further to you on this. puiitt [8 da) It is hard to believe that any spitt of the bureaucratic jigsaw puzzle will in fact control prices. Some moves on the financial front (as reported in our telegram no 230 of Jamary 26 ) might do the trick. But meanwhile prices go Spiralling upwards - and demands for control and action against corruption get more insistent every day. For instance on Jammary 22 the Veterans demanded that President Soekarno take steps against people in Government agencies "who owned Impalas and other such luxury automobiles", and warned that if this was not done they would take action themselves; and here are some extracts from_an editorial in the English language “Indonesian Observer" of January 26: ---several times in the past leading figures have raised their voices for austerity. The cardinal question is to whom the call is directed. “overnment leaders themselves should be able to give the be st example.... expenditure on new projects should be kept to a minimum", e) Aidit's proposal to arm the peasants has not been lost sight of. Here is a bit from an editorial in Harian Rakjat on January 21. England, assisted by the USA, does everything to tighten her encirclement of Indonesia, but it is a Sign that British imperialists have become weaker and will speed up the coming of an economic crisis in England. 4f the concentration of British troops in “Malaysia” will last long, England will not be able to finance it. There are two alternatives. Englané must either go away from “Malaysia" speedily to prevent an economic crisis in England or become madder in a&tacking the Republic of Indonesia. In facing the afore-said possibility, the proposal given by Aidit to President Boekarno is correct indeed. He Suggested that 15 million Indonesian labourers and peasants had to be armed; the proposal was lauded by the Indonesian people... to arm labourers and peasants means a powerful force. This is the only answer which will compel England to recall her troops from CONFIDENTIAL /\Malaysia === [PDF page 5] === CONFIDENTIAL "Malaysia" speedily and this & powerful force that will destroy England if she is brave enough to attack the Indonesian Republic". Chairul Saleh, in another move to cover his traces and ensure that he stays in Soekarno's good books, arranged a deputation of the 45 Movement (of which, as you know, he is General “nairman) to call on Soekarno on Yanuary 24 and report on their activities. Saleh told Antara afterwards that Soekarno had given his approval th these activities. The witch hunt against right wing elements continues, The Minister of Education has given a warning to university lecturers. Their duty, he said, is to “turn out Pantjasilists and Manipolists." He mentioned that there were some lecturers who did not subscribe to Pantjasila or Manipol: these people would be retailed in the course of this very month. Berita Indonesia, and one or two other right wing papers were closed down for a couple of days by the Government. Since they have reappeared SOBSI, GASBINDO and otfier left wing organisations have been urging KOTRAR and the Minister of Information permanently to revoke these newspapers'publication licences. A couple of BPS supporters have been hounded out of the Antara Executive Board. The YVovernor of Djakarta has said that anypeople affiliated to Murba working in the city administration would be sacked. ch) Antara on January 22 reported that the formation of land reform committee is"“imminent". Their numbers will be selected by the National Front. Ominous. I am copying this letter with enclosures to Kuala Lumpur, Singpore, Washington, Canberra and Wellington. Ma Ly- >. SAL te helen L on) \ “D, R (8. 3. G. Cambridge) fps Sy A e 4 Atel ine: CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 6] === FOLLOWING EXTRACTS FROM SULUH INDONESIA EDITORIAL JANUARY 21. Aidit openly announced the name and function of the person who has spread this false document, Chaerul Saleh. “If there is a reporter here tonight, well let him publish it in the paper. Because what I am saying now is true and the person himself (ise. Saleh) has confessed it when the ten political parties met at Bogor," Aidit saide < With strong words Aidit criticized the disseminator of this false documente "Chaerul Saleh has passed this false document to Pak Ali, the Chairman of the PNI party. But Pak Ali, who is an experienced man in the revolutionary movement did not believe about the truth of this document and so he did not spread it furthers "The person who spread this document has already confessed and apologised because of misapprehension. How come to apologize? What misapprehension? Why was this document not shown to me first and asked about my opinion? I am still Chaerul Saleh's colleague as Deputy Chairman of the MPRS?" Aidit saide === [PDF page 7] === EXTRACTS FROM ANTARA JANUARY 22, 1965 D. N. Aidit, Chairman of the Indonesien Communist Party Central Committee (CCPKI) last Tuesday regretted Third Deputy Premier Dr. Chairul Saleh's involvement in spreading fake "PKI Documents" in which was stated that the PKI had designs for wresting power from the national bourgeoisie. Aidit asked how these fake “documents” came to fall into Cheiruvl Saleh's hends, and where did he get ite If he thought these documents false, then Chairul Saleh should have thrown them in the wastebasket. But if he thought them to be true documents, Chairul Saleh should have handed them over to the President. "Nothing of this happened, Aidit said, but the documents were delivered to Ali Sastroamidjojo, General Chairman of the PNI (Indonesian National Party) with the obvious purpose of spreading it among the nationalists". If the letters were delivered to Ali in his capacity of MPRS (Provisional People's Congress) ViceChair= man, then he, Aidit himself would also be the right person to accost, being an MPRS Vice Chairman too, Aidit leined that the political crystalisation was proved by President Sukamno's attitude toward the Murba Party (Temporerily banned from political activities) and the measures taken against its leaders. This was an important step because the Trotskyists had saceded themselves from the PKI since the failure of the 1926 uprising, and had founded the PARI (Partai Republic Indonesia), They had split the national unity, Aidit charged. They have been causing a split in national unity since the Dutch colonial period, until the proclamation of independence in 49456 Trotskyism is no longer a deviation from Marxism, but a plot of political bandits for committing political crimes, Aidit said. The Indonesian revolutionary movement, including the PKI are very grateful to President Sukarno for taking measures against these political bandits. Just think, Aidit said, if many officials and leaders were BS believe the fake documents, what the consequences would have been, the “red drive" would have been reintroduced, or the communists would have been jailed like what happened during the bloody Madiun Affair with its nunerous deaths. During the Madium Affair the PKI had 10,000 members and how many had been killed then, from both parties (PKI and FDR = People's Democratic Front). Now the PKI numbered 3 million memberse One could visualize how bloody the afPair would be if a red drive were to take place, Only the Trotskyists would be happy, and still happier would be the imperialists, Aidit saide === [PDF page 8] === For this reason Aidit regretted Third Deputy Premier Chairul Saleh's spreading of the false docwnents, and he expressed gratitude to Ali Sastroamidjojo, who had deemed it unnecessary to discuss this with the PNI leadership. Any right~thinking body would have directly seen that the documents were false. === [PDF page 9] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT R EST R CT E D 1965 | noowsn DH 10138 ROM Ifs,5.J.4.Combutyel suosect: Aspoock Aatd- at a neeeplins Gpakala 0 ie mawvke Ahe lhe Hh oe g o ae hy Se Rakyat Dated ie 2 0 4 74 Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: (Outward Action) MINUTES (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) compleied) eit === [PDF page 10] === ee 2 dnb (1014/65 DEX \ oad e _ A. ritish Embassy, Djakarta. ~9 FEB 1966 February 3, 1965. Kew eck, | Davos ima ib72[ Nothing much has been eo Be on the home front this past week. The chief event was a Speech by Aidit part of which we reported in our telegram No.’263 of February 1. The speech was made at a reception to mark the 14th anniversary of Harian Rakjat, the PKI newspaper. Even after making allowances for the fact that Aidit was addressing a Communist gathering and might therefore be expected to play to the gallery, the speech can, I think, be seen as showing a much greater degree of confidence than ever before. It is not far short of warmongering - and 1 am glad that Kadio Malaysia were quick to put that interpretation on it. 2 Here is a further extract from the Antara report of the speech which I did not think worth telegraphing: In 1945 the people had armed themselves with bamboo spears when no arms had been available. If there were not enough weapons to arm the peasants, it would be sufficient to arm one peasant out of five and let the remainder use bamboo spears. And if even this could not be done, just lend the weapons to the peasants for training, after which they would be returned, Aidit said. No uniforms would be necessary for them, but there is no adequate reason for refusing arms to the peasants. 36 Later on, Aidit repeated the standard denunciations of “gapitalist bureaucrats in Indonesia", who he said had been routed "together with the Trotskyists when the Murba Party had been banned". On this occasion Aidit did not single out Chairul Saleh for attack. There was however a direct reference to Chairul Saleh in a joint statement issued recently by fourty-four “est Java trade unions. They called for the dismissal 6f both Malik and Chairul Saleh; and said that the latter must be held responsible for “the counterrevolutionary activities which are being carried out by the economic dynasty." I do not think we have had the charge made quite so explicity before. lie Finally it might just be worth reporting to you that Surachman, the Secretary General of the PNI said the other day that the Marhaenist Front (i.e. the PNI) should pioneer the establishment of unity among Indonesian revolutionary forces - with Nasakom as the backbone. There is nothing very new in PNI's support of Nasakom - but the point may just be of significance coming at a time when the PKI are poised for a greathr share in the Government. SF, I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London, S.W.1. RESTRICTED === [PDF page 11] === 1965 FROM Me. 5. 4-4. Camby dae, Dp ateadté lo Ms. Towhens No. (soulbs) Dated Febru {a Received F. Sosy / f (Outward Action) (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) eed | (Main Indexed) et > | fo pja™ (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) D RESTRICTED SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA DA (0/3 | 3 supsect: Qygunk ees. The Sudonesrtaw Women's ah oe fretitiqned the Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: MINUTES === [PDF page 12] === BRITISH EMBASSY, DJAKARTA. February 12, 19656 TI tee ame or - Dew woke pao /2 Some miscellaneous news items over the past weeke (a) More protests about rising prices. The Indonesian Women's Movement pa@titioned the Supreme Advisory Council the other day: "The present situation eennot be tolerated any longer." Sudjerwo, the Minister of Agriculture, has called for co~operation between the Government end people to solve current economic problems created chiefly by "the manipulators"; and he warned that unless enough food can be provided there would be revolution. Mrs. Subandrio, the Deputy Minister of Health, has seid that all UNICEF's work in Indonesia in health watters has now been assumed by Russians, Czechs and Hungarians. It is not all smooth sailing for the Dutch. (i) The 1933 mutiny of the Indonesian crew of the Dutch ship "Zeven Provincien" was commemorated at a ceremony on February 11 attended by a number of Ministers. Kotes, the visiting Mayor of Amsterdam, was resh enough to say recently that the Indonesians wanted the Dutch back to help their development; end that this could be a very rich country if only its inhabitants would get down to work, Soekarno hed some comments on this when he opened a new ship yard at Tandjong Priok built with Dutch help: “Indonesia co-operates closely with many countries « we will choose who these are to be; we ourselves will work." (a4) More muzzling of the press =< end the Army seem to be teking a major hand, (i) A set of rules has been laid down for the Surabaya press by Colonel Sukotjo, Commander of Surabaya KODIM 0830, They include: "Do nSt accuse comrades of being counter-revolutionaries - this only provokes abuse in return.” De Tonkin, Esae, South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London, S.W.i¢ === [PDF page 13] === Three right wing newspapers have been benned, Chief among them is Berita Indonesia, a Murbe newspaper, which has been taken over by the Army and rechristened Berite Yuddha (War News). The Committee for Defining the Government's Press Policy has been set up ani will report in two week's time, Brigadier General Subreto, the editor of the new Berita Yuddha,is Chairman; and Karim, the Communist Head of the PWI (The Indonesian Federation of Journalists' ) is Vice~Cheirman. Delegates of the HMI, the Association of Moslem Students’, and a right-wing organization constantly under attack by the PKI and involved with the banned BPS movement, had a meeting with General Yani the other dey in his capacity as Chief of Staff of KOTI, the Supreme Operations Command. They were given a pep talk and promised to be goods KOTRAR, the Stete Retooling Apparatus, has set up an Institute of Political Science = for indoctrinating purposese Land reform in Java continues to be giving a lot of trouble, A business/ mentioned to me the other day that plans for reviving Indonesia's sugar industry would probably concentrate on opening fresh plentetions in the outer islands rather than redeveloping the plantations in Javea — the latter being too troublesome by half, There has been a lot of trouble in Banjuwangi at the eastern end of Java, in the course of which some demonstrators actually took down a photograph of Soekarno and threw it on the floor. Auer 476 volunteers for West Irian are undergoing five months training near Bogor “before being despatched to the frontier regions". (i) The GDR are to sell 400 heavy duty lorries and 200 Robur omnibuses to Indonesia. Last year they provided 500 lorries, (j) Another title for the Bung, The local Hadremautis have dubbed "First Pioneer of Freedom". Nasser is only “Second fioneer:’ (Any use to our chaps in South Arabie?) 2. =I em sending a copy of this letter to Kuale Lumpur end Singepore. (S. J. G. Cambridge) === [PDF page 14] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) i CONFIDENTIAL SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT 1965 | noonesu FROM My 5 1G. Cambre 4 SUBJECT: (In. Cambudge pss visiled Vlehaw Op ahearA * Aucl ques ae Ampitigicn evtad s No. (vert/b5) Ai a menute le 1-11. Acbassadd. Dated Febru / Encloses Copy of: N ke di References and Relevant Papers: meee. Th 5.15, Cambihye, Sakasi (Outward Action) 34hiss Jes e Suh - 8 (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) (Main Indexed) === [PDF page 15] === 19l, ; Se BRITISH EMBASSY, not 7 Febr 17, 1965.6 Dew Dek I have been swanning in Medan, so there is not much for you in the bag this week, But I thought you might like a copy of this rather scrappy minute which I have done for the Ambassador. 26 & ines the demonstration which I mentioned, ea letter from Joe right in Surabaya came in this morning suggesting thet a demonstration was going to take plece there as well on February 15. We have not yet heard anything further ebout ite 3- $I em sending copies of this letter and the enclosure to Kuala Lumpur and Singaporeée (S. J. Ge Cults tgp De Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Departmert, Foreign Office, London, S.W.1« === [PDF page 16] === A few notes on my courier run to Medan. (3) Dowonstretions The Vietnam protests eventually caught up with Medan on Monday, February 156 On the Sunday night there had been an intensive slogen painting eampaign = both in Medan itself and in outlying towns. I myself was driving through Tebing Tinggt and Sianter in the small hours of Monday morning and the paint on the roads was still wet. I did not see eny of the artistse Back in Medan at about 7 ofelock in the morning, the electricity to our Consulate was cut. This was done not by the demonstrators but by the electricity company themselves ~ presumably under pressure from their workers. Current was restored that sane eveninge The sate thing happened at the U.S. Consulate; and the outsides of both our premises hed posters stuek on them. About 10 o*elock there was a march past « about 400 students I should say. Rather apethetic. I was told that they were not P.K.I. but the local youth organization at the university. The gates of our Consulate were closed. This seemed superfluous for the demonstrators took little interest in our buildings as they went by. Many of them scarcely bothered to turn their heads to look. They were on their way to the Governor's office, where I subsequently saw them squatting on the lawn outside while a delegation was inside petitioning the Governore katexr still I went to the Americans where the demonstrators were expected at any minute. However, they did not turn upe The Police Guards, both at our Consulate.and (more nwnerous and better equipped) at the Americans, struek me a8 smart end efficient = more so than the shower who guard our Snbassy heres Also on the Monday there were demonstrations at the three American rubber estates in North Sumatra. The workers paraded in an orderly way and presented takeover demands. They were told by the local Indonesian police authorities at the estates that, as they well knew, only President Soekearno could authorise further takeovers « and they were told to disperse quietly and get on with their work. This they did and that seemed to be the end of that. Later the following day rumours were going round Medan thet, nevertheless, the estates bed now been taken over and that the Governor had refused to receive the U.S. Consul. A story to this effect had appeated thet morning in the local Communist rag Herien Harapen. Just before leaving I rang up the U.S. Gonsul to find ont whet the latest form was. He said that / everything === [PDF page 17] === everything wes in "good shape". The Anericans were still in control, (1) Modem Port (Delawan) I asked if it was heaving the same difficulties with P.K.I. elements as at Tandjung Prick? = The answer was no = there hed beer no trouble, and loading md wloading went ahead smoothly. But the very next day, Monday, there wes an attempt to interfere with a latex pumping installation which is owned by one of the U.S. rubber companies. The lecal Naval Authorities moved in when @ call from the head of the Navy people cane through. The conversation wes friendly. The local authorities are fairly cooperative with. the Americans. (434) The PeKeLs To what extent are they succeeding in North Sumatra? Very little. They are not as powerful there as they are in Javas It is true that they are very vocal, and, to judge by the country-wide slogan peinting on the Sunday night, I should say fairly well organized. And they are supported to a certain degree by the Governor of North Sumatra himself, Brigadier General Sitebu. He is a Christian, and not a member of the P.K.Tg but he obviously sympathises with then. By and large, though, North Sumatra is less excited and exciteable politically than Java; and correspondingly, more resistant to the P.K.I. (iv) Sommeree Medan and the surrounding area is certainly more prosperous than ) jakarta, The town is cleaner, the people are better dressed. But the shops, I thought, | sere if enything even emptier than in Djekerta., And the general rum dow of the old Dutch establishments - business houses, hotels, clubs ete., is much more noticeable there (and in the resorts at Parepet and Berastagi) than around Djekertas Rubber is still being exported te the United Kingdom direct from Medan, the Duteh half of Blue *umel seem to have most of the trade. I had some words with the visiting Belgian Manager of Angl-Sumetra - once a very large plantation company, now reduced to one small estate. The local manager is a Swiss and they are contriving to hold on in spite of their nanee === [PDF page 18] === Subversives I made some enquiries about the repert of captured radio transmitters (our telegram 329) No one sould throw any light on this. Heavener mentioned that Mokoginta, the heed of Koanda, had seid in a speesh on January 17 thet e number of subversive agents had been roundede-upe But he did not refer to radio transmitters. Derestes The damage to various buildings during the P.R.R,I. revolt has still not been repaired. There are many bandits in the area still, left overs from the rebellion, and there is a sizeable army camp in the village. (wit) Bataks I spent a night in a Batak village (Tiga Dollek). The natives were friendly end we hed dinner together for which the _ Local head of police insisted on paying. These people are Christians (grace before meals toc), poor, dirty and rather dour. They seemed little interested in the outside world, and few indeed go as far as Medan = the bus fare, Rupiahs 750, costs too muéhe (viit) Lubis Z His peper "Indonesia Baru" had just been suppressed. I met Al Lubis. He was an ardent supporter of Shahrir end is now very mush out of favours / He took this philosophically. He is still the Antara correspondent in Medan, but the P.K.I. will squeeze him out of that job if they can = the only thing which inhibits them is his highly respectable plees in the history of the revolution, for it was Lubis who, operating on a home~made typewriter, established Antara during the war with the Dutehe (Ss. J. G. Cambridge) === [PDF page 19] === FROM HQ. CAMBRIDGE. (DraKaee) fo. HR. TONKIN No. WON{6S 145 U/ 65 Dated fe Feb Received Mare; (Outward Action) (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action compleied) ape rata (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) [Unreadable] D MEQINCTED SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA D H 1013/5 SUBJECT: as tera : Report nf /r@ nat dvetsprents, ey of 4 A ¥ Lhe ara CmmnunBl Cw TIL. - jn, / a Lg 2 rr bl the caAwne WSEASAUOENS Citec et 7 Cre. HINO TA US. Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: a4 nMay af Coors tn fale’ e / 17 j — P< ie b 7 7 hha b4 2 oe Jes HW lod rs / Jy Kw N10% Jocect’ la “ORE idontéian Taurne@eg Ao LALO MINUTES === [PDF page 20] === (1454/65) Rr eo BRITISH rote DJAKARTA. i February 26, 1965. 1 y ay ek ( wee I did not have time to send you a report of internal developments by the last Confidential Bag; but this “estricted letter can cover just about all that needs to be said. ; Ses Ze We can pick out two major themes: further vepereusstens of the anti- Communist element coupled with and balanced by, a pause = nor more than that - in the demonstrations and take-over actions directed against the Americans. De As regards the second of these, you will have seen our telegram 2,0 of February 2). The undertakings which Howard Jones managed to extract from Sukarno (and which the U.S. Embassy were quick to publish) on the face of them suggest that the Americans have managed to stop the rot. But none of us is very sanguine about the future. The assurances about the estates are categorical enough - and up th the time of going to press the Americans are still in chargesTowever, as you know from our telegram 443 of February 2h Subandri6 has now set off for Medan accompanied by members of the take-over Tobby. (These estates are all in North Sumatra.) We have still to hear the DH iosusiiy results of that visit. The pessimists think that it will not be many days "4° I! Defore Sukarno is telling Jones that to protect the estates, and in the interests of the Americans as much as anyone else, he had had to order them. to be taken over temporarily by the military. I put my money on a more \ hopeful outcome, at least for the immediate future. The PKI are less \entrengched in North Sumatra than in Java, and it might be possible for the Government to be that bit more robust in standing up to them; and the very vehemence of Subandrio'’s speech just before he left for Medan (our telegram 443) and his disgraceful incitement of the mob to hurl bricks through the Embassy windows, might be steps to cover up the fact that, this time, Sukarno is not going to let the PKI have its way. But you will probably know how right or wrong my guess is before this letter reaches you. le The libraries, of course, have gone down the drain further than the estates - taken over "for protection” by the Government. Sukarno's promise of access (our telegram 41,0) is pretty hollow. Application for access has to-be made to the National Front who now hold the =, and so far no U.S. official has managed tozegain entry into the Djakarta Cultural Centre, let alone the libraries in Jogjekarta and Surabaya. (They got the Medan one back within a few hours of the mob's take-over - but then that is in the same building as the Consulate.) The idea now is to lay down firm datelines for the return of the8e places; and if the Indonesians do not comply, then the Americans will announce their closure with maximum publicity. 5. The accusations egeinst CIA(our telegrams 427 and 435) have not yet been made very much of. Rather like similar ac¢usations against us in regard to the documents purported to have been seized from our ruined Embassy, I rn eHOstl De Tonkin, Esq-, DHtOs us South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London, S.We1. RESTRICTED === [PDF page 21] === RESTRICTED think this is a rod in pickle to be pulled out and used when needed. You may think that the rod is already in active use given thet Sukarno himself has taken up and repeated these charges. But the context was a Speech made at an anniversary celebration of the Indonesian Journalists Association; and, to the extent that one can separate the two, this was an occasion when Sukarno wanted to make an adjustment in the balance of forces at home, not, I think in his relations with America. Most of the speech was about the BPS which is seen &s one more in the long line of subversive movements organised in Indonesia by the wicked imperialists. A summary of Antara's report of the speech is attached to htis letter. 6. The speech has inevitably been followed up by further purges. 24 newspapers and periodicals in D jakarta and Medan have had their publishing licences withdrawn; and the Editor-in-chief of "Revolutionnaire" has been clapped into gaol for nine months. Among the more important papers involved are Berita Indonesia (which, in fact, had already been taken over by the Army a week or two ago); Merdeka, which is Diah's newspaper - and one of the best published in Djakarta, Warta Berita (another Murba paper like Berita Indonesia), the English language Indonesian Observer, atid Revolutionnaire (both of these in the past have usually been supporters of the Army and the Observer was another newspaper controlled by the Diah family). Furthermore, the country has been put on notice that these purges are only "the first step". Té No-one could have pretended, before this, that Indonesia had a free press. Nevertheless, there was - as you well know - a certain amount of comment and what the people here call "polemics" which made for a semblance of freedom. All that is now on its way out. (For instence, we shall have no more cracks like this - which was made by Warta Berita just before it was snuffed out - commenting on the "pensioning off" of twelve members of Antara last week, Warta Berita says roundly that this is just another proof of how Supeno, the Communist manager of Antara, has now got the news agency under his full control "so that it can be made an instrument of struggle for the benefit of one political group only"). 8. On the same day as these purges the PWI itself (the Journalists Association) announced that it had dismissed from "its special membership" (I am not quite certain what that is - presumably something equivalent to "patrons") Adam Malik and Diah. 9- I am sending copies of this letter to Kuale Lumpur, S,ngapore and Washington. jus Ww, | dhe. e (S. J. G. Cambridge) RESTRICTED === [PDF page 22] === SUMMARY OF REPORTS IN ANTARA, FEBRUARY 24, 1965 ON PRESIDENT SUKARNO'S SPEECH TO THE INDONESIAN JOURNALISTS ASSOCIATION. The President emphasised that there should be no more hesitation in taking measures to dissolve and Climinate all remnants of the "Body for the Promotion of Sukarnoism" which he had banned. “I have firmly ordered the dissolution of the B.P.S. and it follows that all its organs should be got rid of. We must clear the path of the Revolution by removing all obstacles - in this case, a movement which tried to split the National Progressive Revolutionary Forces." The President described the B.P.S. movement as subversive and counter-revolutionary and compared it to Kartosuwirjo's, Kahar Muzakar's, and: the’ Masjumi's movements, all of which had been outlawed. The President said that he, of course, had strong reasons for disbanding the B.P.S. He revealed that it had been exploited by the imperialists and the United States Central Intelligence Agency as a tool to oppose communism. What the imperialists dread most is communism and therefore every instrument at their disposal is used against them. They had used Kartosuwirjo's “Islam" and Kahar Muzakar and Masjumi “Islam" in exactly the same way. And now they tried to use the B.P.S. "I obtained information that the B.P.S. was actually a movement designed to kill Sukarnoism and Sukarno." The arch enemies of the Revolution, the President said, were the imperialists, feudalists and their henchmen. “So what we have to do is to eradicate these enemies who obstruct the progress of the Revolution.’ The President said that in any revolution there could be no free press. The only press allowed must be one that fully supported the revolution. That part of the press which did not do this but instead endangered the Revolution's progress should be declared an anemy of the Revolution. === [PDF page 23] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) - SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA D H 1013 é Ke foorl ey prtallapeous thro o /Tkird Olasing (EB 26 — (TRY S SUBJECT: carps Je lamba —* A Sc hy hur No /OM//65 Dated 2 ae /14ACH / 965 Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: Received 9 * p4ypgcu (%S (Outward Action) MINUTES (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) We sf | | peri! (Main Indexed) === [PDF page 24] === fs WS 2 RG, British Embassy, Djakarta. 3 March 1965. Some miscellaneous items of news. a) a shop keeper in Jogjakarta was sentenced to 18 months imprisonment for selling 23 shawls inscribed "Bintang Malaysia" (Malaysian Star). ‘The defendant had been detained since the end of 1963. (What price habeas corpus?) b) A spate of Soviet activity; (i) A delegation of Soviet scientists sponsored by the “ederation of Soviet Friendship Institutes arrived on March 4 for a fortnight's visit. (ii) Mamedov, the first vice-ch&irman of the Soviet State Committee for Radio and Television Affairs, is here "to establish close cooperation between Radio Moscow and the RRI". (iii) A Russian labour delegation led by the Chairman of the Tagikistan Republics Trade Union Confederation arrived here on March 4 to attend a trade union conference. (iv) Three Russian cameramen are in Bandjarmasin to shoot a film "jointly produced by Indonesia and the USSR. c) The French are also in Bandjarmasin. Television men this time. They are to film the activities of Indonesian volunteers along the frontier. The vernacular Antara reports "A female volunteer interviewed by the T.V. group, said that she had become a volunteer because she realised that her fatherland was being encircled by necolim with the creation of Malaysia". Television teams from other countries are also reported to be on their way to Kalimantan: we do not know which they are. d) General Yani has issued a directive instructing the army to economise in future on “its limited budget for 4965". e) Major Hari Sutojo, Regent of Sangihe Talaud, told the press in Surabaya that large-scale smuggling to Tawadls subversive elements from Sangihe Talaud" had recently been foiled by the State authorities. f) An article in Sulu Indonesia on March 2 says tlat 11,952 people died of starvation in Gunungkidul in Central Java, in the period of famine which preceded the 196. harvest. g) Subandrio said the other day that the police should make a point of not shooting the peasants. They might be innocent. It should be borne in mind that what Indonesia is fighting for is to improve the lot of destitute people. /A meeting === [PDF page 25] === h) <A meeting between members of the Marhaenist Front, which was also attended by the Government of West Java, called on Soekarno to take steps towards permanently banning the Murba Party. i) The police in Kutai (east Kalimantan) disclosed recently in Samarinda that in October 1963 they captured four "British Malaysian" spies from whom they took three Lee Enfields, one sten-gun, one radio set, one compass, 4 pair of binoculars and an outboard motor. I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and J.M.I.D. (S. J. G. Cambridge) D. Tonkins, Esq., South East Agia Department, Foreign Office, London, S.We1.- P.S. For Wynne - to whom a copy of this letter goes. Thanks for your letter; I will gladly send you such rubbish as the above. But I should explain that I do not conscientiously do a weekly round-up of news items (perhaps I should - but this one-man-band is a bit pushed). What happens is that at the end of each Bag Day I find I have a number of assorted items which have not been swept up into the various letters I send home to the Department, so these get thrown into a pot pourri like this letter. What you might consider is whether you want copies of the other stuff we churn out — €.g. in today's bag, letters on the Catholic Party, the lslamic Conference, the American estates, Subandrio's speeches, and charges against the CIA. RESTRICTED === [PDF page 26] === 1965 (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA FROM Sie.). Gytcce rR iT No. a a Dated Me WL F: Received Mody (Outward Action) (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) oy " | 5 kel’ SUBJECT: we >) >. cant fren ko VOmoe.Qoy Avinee ZL Gt hor. Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: MINUTES 'T lz === [PDF page 27] === FROM DJA A TO F N_OFFICE Sir A. Gilchrist |: Ne, 572 209 DB. 0618 13 March, 1965. 13 March, 1965. —~snoa/, | RB. 1214 15 Maroh, 1965. Fellewing from the vernacular Antara ef 6 March. a) “Bightysix workers ef the State ewmed dockyard and shipping company at Tandjung Priek were arbitrarily fired Friday by the company’s Directer Lt, Col. Achmad Dipe for having been disebedient to the management, In this relation the S.B.P.P. (Harbour and Meritime Werkers’ Union) has asked the Sea Communications Department te lend its good offices to settle this dismissal issue properly te the mutual satisfactien of beth the labourers on one side and the management en the ether," b) Foellewing from the vernacular Antara of 6 March, "The management of the State ewned Permina National Oil Company at Pangkalen Berandan (Nerth Sumatra) which is composed mostly of members ef banned political parties working in clese cooperation with twenty American "experts" is responsible for the mass dismissal of labourers which until the end ef 196, has reached a total ef 2,000 and the restriction ef the workers’ basic rights particularly the right te become members of a trade unien. This was reported by the oil company workers to Labour Minister Suteme when he inspected the Company some time ago." 2. Fellewing from Antara report 11 March ef a speech made by Aidit on 8 March to a group of police. Referring to embarrassing situations in which police members were confronted with citizens who had acted in vielation of law, Aidit recommended the law enforcement agencies te adept their attitude after judging whether the acts committed were revelutionary er pregressive in nature as alse advised by Dr. Subandrie, He reminded that the peeple had been centinueusly indectrinetc. te oppese "Necelim" (nee celenialism and imperialism) se that it should not make them surprised if they (the people) acted against “Necolim” theugh semetimes in vielation ef the existing laws, === [PDF page 28] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) Mp es | tourmessr ast verarramer | RESTRICTED 165 wow | Div iovs /2 FROM ya Cor.rerrdae SUBJECT: Veit 208 pie ews Ween: Oise) ts Me Tercki.;; Wrote Pe o| 3 ( oy No. to [oS Dated 1® Ios of _ Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: IS Morwahy (Outward Action) MINUTES (9 > is 4 pak cho uw (Lie eC. Sulj + Co coevas be ba weolir Prescunt wry surtar & Ts eoepatge mga uns lotodu- ata. (Printing Instructions) FOoA cs 7 ebseabee wt (Referred to Legal Adviser) / (wx 2 oshed h\.: Corhadye sen Ww af. : ws L tu- ae ntel x v cles < ¢ Crs ce b- Ls Hens.: a ing “ik. Tose epeceg | Semcieam: | LO: ee oe eae on ~ ) LS tnburs | DSC theucs ost nates) useless kk [Unreadable] === [PDF page 29] === : WS Be Qinte. 4 BRITISH EMBASSY, DJAKARTA. gO March, 1965 Some miscellaneous news items from the past week which we not reported elsewhere. There has been trouble in Djakarta's cinemas. So far as we can make out, this is chiefly because of the black market in cinema tickets. A number of cinema workers at one of the larger Djakarta cinemas the other day threatened to resign unless the Government took steps to improve the situation. There has been very heavy rain in the Jogjakarta area; the Opak river has risen causing a break in the Petrobangsan dam south of Jogjakarta, end a number of villages have been destroyed; 17 people were drowned at a place called Krapyak. Followers of Kahar Muzakkar continue to give themselves up to the authorities. Twelve more surrendered the other day including, says Antara, a certain Captain Pessa. The West Java chapter of Organda, the Land Transport Organisation, has recently called for stricter measures of control over the sale of petrol at local filling stations. Reading between the lines I think what is needling them is the difficulty of getting petrol for local buses. Mention is made of the huge queues of cars which can be seen everywhere at petrol stations, and of the fact that the black market price has now reached R.2,000 per jerrycan. (My chauffeur told me yesterday that the price was R.3,000 in Bandung.) If things go on like this, says Organda, the number and frequency of transport services will have to be cut down. Dr. Hadj Roeslan Abdulgani, the Minister for Public Relations, has just been appointed rector of the Institute of Teaching and Pedagogy in Bandung. In his opening address he said that Marxism should be included as one of the basic subjects taught in all the faculties at the Institute. Speaking of foreign language tuition he said that not only Western ones should be taught but also Russian and Chinese, “consistent with Indonesia's growing relations with those countries". A delegation of Soviet workers at present in this country had discussions at the SOBSI offices the other day, and invited Munir, the SOBSI leader, to visit the Soviet Union. /(g) There have D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, FOREIGN OFFICE, Sew obs DRaAMN TAMTT === [PDF page 30] === RESTRICTED There have been persistent reports recently - not in Antara - of trouble in the police, and of the possibility that Sutjipto, Minister of Police, might be sacked. The thing broke the surface the other day With an article in Antara on a meeting between Sutjipto and Sukarno. Here is an extract from Antara's report about it: "The President had been often in doubt previously whether the police force was reliable. Now, all doubts have been cleared. In compliance with President Sukarno's own instructions, General Sutjipto has set up a task force, to be headed by himself." The object of the task force is reported to be "to collect and formulate all revolutionary police concepts". We are not very clear what this means: but we take it to be a mechanism for patching up disagreements within the polices; and it looks as if Sutjipto has managed to save his skin. I am copying this to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. in WW Nun ee oe (S.J.G. Cambridge) RESTRICTED === [PDF page 31] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded [ where Appropriate) SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT jiNLe FROM SUBJECT: G cvnllordag. No. \O\\ Dated A. Dak Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: Received Ms. Masel (Outward Action) \ MINUTES A. ¢- 27 Is | (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) (Main Indexed) DTG [Unreadable] === [PDF page 32] === > Y lutir bess), BRITISH EMBASSY, DJ AKARTA,. 19 Mareh, 1965 Zev 2 ( Der A round-up of some miscellaneous néws items. The harbour at Tandjung Priok is still very congested. On March 12 Antara reported that Subandrio visited it, accompanied by Leimena and Adam Malik, and afterwards gave “directives and a working basis" to the officials of the Sea Communications Department - it is little episodes like this which indicate the general assumption and exercisegq of a genuinely prime ministerial position py Subandrio. The Bung Karno Sports Stadium is quite often used for musical performances and other shows. The other day the management announced that Beatle noises would not be allowed. A French T.V. team has been in Kalimantan. Antara on March 16 reported that the commander of the military region Tarakan told them (presumably on film) that members of the British armed forces had often crossed the Indonesian frontier and attacked Indonesian troops in Indonesian territory. Thirty more members of Kahay Mugakar's people have been captured in the area of the LampwamaRiver: a number of weapons, including Mausers, were seized, The following is a translation from an item in the vernacular Antara on Mareh 9: "The BTI (Indonesian Peasants’ Front) of Kupang (Timor) has issued a statement urging the local administrationto take measures against H.E, Boimata and St. Sabuin for instigating the people not to trust President Sukarno. They had stated publicly that ‘the President runs his Government like a monkey' and "the Republic of Indonesia is a country where people are too easily punishable for differing with the President'". Vernacular Antara on March 14 reported that a Chinese secondary school -teacher had been shot by a British soldier in Kuching. No protest was made about this incident. "When the natives lodged such protests they were arrested on charges of disturbing the peace”. A report from Medan on March 13 said that heavy gaol sentences had been served on four Malaysians found guilty of fishing in Indonesian waters. Their names are: / Tijia D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, FOREIGN OFFICE, RESTRIC TED === [PDF page 33] === Each gets 12 years except for = who gets ten. ‘The judge said that the four people had engaged in activities harmful to Indonesia-- activities which could be regarded as acts of subversion. Later on three Indonesian citizens - __ _ - were sentenced to 12 years imprisonment each for bringing Malaysians into Indonesia, or bringing in letters from Malaysians to relatives living in this country. A "Free Malayan” delegation has been in the news recently. They called on A. Astrawinata, the Minister of Justice, on March 5. Their leader, Ibrahim Jacub, handed over copies of resolutions adopted at the Free Malayan Union's December 1964 Congress, and the meeting - I quote Antara - “aiso dealt with victories scored by nations affiliated in the new emerging forces and possibilities for the establishment of the Maphilindo confederation". Another group of Free Malayans, led again by Jacub, but this time including people called Hassan Rothman, Nik Ibrahim and R. Sulaiman, called on Aidit on March 13. Antara's report of the meeting says that Aidit told the delegation to unite their endeavours with other revolutionary forces among the Malay people “both those less revolutionary and those more revolutionary than the Kemam, (the Free Malayan Union). Antara continues: Aidit commented “That the future of Malaya was an item to be solved after the achievement of independence; it was clear anyway that they would not set up a kingdom. wig ala (S.J.G. Cambridge) Zs I am sending copies of this to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. === [PDF page 34] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) D CONFIDENTIAL SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INBONESIA Dew \O\3\\0. FROM sam ict Rewmd shoo _ Necillensean Mas Dyelearte Aken 2 smn ked Dated Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: Received (Outward Action) MINUTES oe Gombineg, Dighade te To Todo _senles. (Printing Instructions) 8) <aihea S elt cf cae age ae elim _ wor es hel. aR (Referred to Legal Adviser) ae eis ata “y! ba px - %o yr gox cop we {| lu wie Sgurpy ou lew Jeers : ) vwheltnew coe unt a“ Wifi antoush cally * Cathay te eal Send te ue, arn Sek cou {& “¢ = eee === [PDF page 35] === C a 55 oe ic [Unreadable] Wr We % OM, Dyekroalo- e MA $s Sr ew: \ tes Tok Number of copies [Unreadable] oe \a Number of copies ate AvriES We a" P ie Oe Seo SS of enclosures 2) Vx Ve a ON | oS, pear Lor ¥) Dx Me Cashin. Derroro G& "\ R dete a os ny ets \2 === [PDF page 36] === BRITISH BiBASSY UNCLASSIFIE = nn PJAKARTA. eat he Nee A round-up of some miscellaneous news items. From the vernacular Antara, 24 March: an operation launched py the Indonesian Navy € South and South West Celebes has managed to sink three ships which were carrying away the remnants of the Kahar Muzakkar rebels. From Antara 24 March. A west Sumatran delegation have invited Sukarno to visit their part of Indones ia. Sukarno hopes to be able to do so after the Bandung celebrations. Tonight's Antara mentions that a visit Sukarno was going to make to Tegal on the north coast of Java (where he was to receive the title of Supreme Fisherman) has been cancelled = because the President will be too busy with the Bandung celebrations. Instead the visit will take place on Fishermen's Day next year. Antara of 27 March reported that the Indonesian Government have decreed a swingeing levy on car owners. For instance, an owner of a 1964 Mercedes Benz 2205 will heve to pay R.5 million; the levy for a 1963 Impala wfM be R.34 million; and so on down the scale to an Austin A.4O. There are also to be levies on owners of motor bicycles Among those exempt from this decree are vehicles belonging t@ the President himself, to the Central and Regional Governments, to.the Diplomatic Corps and to Government officials. i This evening's Antara gives details of a tax which is to be paid by owners of television sets - R.1,000 a month for sets assembled in Indonesia; R.2,000 for imported sets. From the vernacular Antara of 26 March; the Supreme Court in Semarang has confirmed the verdict of 3 years imprisonment on Hadju Kasman Singodimedjo, a member of the Masjumi Party, who had been tried by the State Court in Magelang on charges of assisting the enemy during wartime (I am not certain what the details of this might be). From the same Antara; a conference of the Catholic Party in Megelang issued a statement denying charges made by Bintang Timur to the effect that they had supported the BPS. From Antara datelined Surabaya 26 March. There have been more air-raid exercises in East Java. From the vernacular Antara 29 March; Flight Lieut.Col. Loely Wardiman, the Commander of the Surabaya Air Defence Sector, who was in charge of this air-raid practice, issued a statement to the effect that all his people were combat ready and prepared for any eventualities in the campaign to crush British “Malaysia”. === [PDF page 37] === TAT “NT AaATH TT Ul tA dt Tk 14 officie in the Foreign Mini ° Madura. y tEC closed to tee ny #Trom an 7A a Heen diam WOOL tourists. the oil companies.... fational Carbon” were this Letter who make Ever Ready batteries, and wnose iarcn. lant in Djakarta was taken over === [PDF page 38] === SulEe Ge British Embassy, con 7% Caer Djakarta. CONFIDENTIAL — = 28 April, 1965. Deny \: Be Aa John Cambridge goes on leave from tomorrow morning and so you will be getting your weekly newsletter from me for the next three months or so. 2. There is not a lot this week now that the capteins and the kings have departed, leaving little wrack behind, except Mrs. Sekou Toure, beating it up in rainbow chiffon at the Nirwana nightclub last night. 3. Antara on 26 April carried a report about a meeting between Sukarno and Chou 2n-Lai concerning the forthcoming Conference in Algiers. In reporting this event they carried a statement by the Chinese Prime Minister that he was convinced that relations between Indonesia and People's China "would become closer still". 4. On the Russian side,Antara of 27 April reported that Indonesia on the previous day formally turned over to the Government of the Soviet Union the Ratnesia aluminium project in North Sumatra, which has been three years in gestation. Production is due to start in 1967 and is described as "closely linked with the steel plant & Tjilegon, blast furnaces at Lampong and a steel mill in Kalimantan". The project is to be at Mabar, between Belawan and Medan in Sumatra. It is being built with credits amounting to #60 million supplied by the Soviet Union and is designed to process up to 35,000 tons of pure aluminium a year out of bauxite shipped from Bintan, an island in the Riau archipelego. 5. You may be interested in the following example of how rumours mislead even the highest circles in Djakarta. The word went round last week that the former Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir who, as you know, has been in prison for some years, was dead. This rumour was believed by President Sukarno himself, who sent a wreath to Sjahrir's house and ordered the members of the Cabinet to do the same. In fact Sjahrir recently had a slight stroke and he was injected with some kind of coloured fluid in the aorta in an attempt to discover through photographs the seat of any trouble in his brain. The effect of this manoeuvre was to paralyse his right side and deprive him of speech. He is in the military hospital in Djakarta, alive but hardly kicking, and desultory efforts are being made to try and teach him to recover his powers of speech. His wife thinks that much could be done for him if he were treated abroad, but not much effort seems to be being made to secure him this treatment. 6. In contrast to the wide currency of fietional rumours, factusl events appear to remain a secret for days. On 15 April the Government decided that no mail originating from Malaysia would be handled in Indonesia no matter by what route, ise. Bangkok, it was sent. This decision was not however communicated to anyone. It was only discovered because a few days later the Indonesian postal authorities slung about 26 bags of mail brought to Djakarta by an assortment of airlines on to a K.L.M. plane leaving for Bangkok. Not unnaturally KSLM. wired their agency here to ask what they meant by sending this mail to them. The resultant enquiries disclosed the decision which had been made. {e I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. eo Boe D. Tonkin, Esq., OA South East Asia Department,: Foreign Office, London S.W.4. CONFTDENTTAT (M. J. T. McCann) === [PDF page 39] === 101 TRR5 wakes eee nas tne 4 EADY [Unreadable] Howes) Doav andeh We seem to be puiawiee under a sudden crop of special difficulties today (bag day), including a sudden explosion in the lavatory attached to my office, so if this letter seems a little disjointed and distrait I hope you will bear with me. 19 Hay, 4965. 2. First, the announcement of the United States' new Ambassador, Mr. larshall Green. He has received in the Indonesian press what Damon Runyon would have called "a very small hello". The following is a brief round-up of comment in four newspapers including the communist inspired Warta Bakhti, Bintang Timur and Harian Rakjat, and the Nationalist Suluh Indonesia. Theeditorials assert that Marshall Green is strongly anti-communist and it is feared that "this diplomat will not be able to see the @ifference between communism and Nasakom.... the appointment of Marshall Green as the few Ambassador to Indonesia has made us doubt Johnson's good intentions". Various old chestnuts are trotted out - the CIA sending Alan Pope to help the rebels in Indonesia in 1958, an implied suggestion that Bill Palmer (a long-term resident and U.S. film distributor here) was a spy, the U.S. attitude to Malaysia etc. All are given as evidence of the United States' ill-will towards Indonesia. The papers asked what is the point in sending such a man to replace Jones, when the main task of an Ambassador is to preserve good relations between his own and the country in which he is posted. Bintang Timur describes him as "this expert of intrigues and political manipulations" and adds sourly that he will be here in time to witness the Communist Party's 45th celebrations. Harian Rakjat mentions in the same breath as the appointment the closing of the Indonesian Pavilion at the New York World Fair and the seizure of the Latuharhari, and says of the appointment that nothing could be less welcome. "So aang: as the U.S. maintains SEHATO and supports Malaysia, Jones' smiles, Bunkers' noddings and Johnson's outstretched hand are worthless". 3e Dr. Subandrio seems to have been doing his best to keep Indonesian/ Philippine relations on a friendly basis. His mouthpiece, the Indonesian Herald, reports an exiusive interziew which he gave to the Manila Times and the Taliba Pilipino. In this Subandrio, who is described as "the razor witted heir apparent of President Sukarno", strongly denied that his country has any design, present and future,to expand beyond her borders. According to the report} leaders of the nationalist, religious and comnunist parties, all voiced the same views. Dr. Subandrio said the "Grab Mindanao" bugaboo was Obviously concocted by outside forces bent on prejudicing the mutual interests of both countries. Subandrio said "Expansionism is anathema to our national policy and programme". He reminded his interviewer that one half of Timor is Portuguese, co-existing with Indonesia. He denied that President Macapagal would not feature in future talks wktk about Malaysia and said that President Sukarno had expressed a wish that the Philippino President would be present at the next Tokyo Conference. The same article ended in something of a 'non sequitur’ by describing D. N. Bidit as "the most talked about enigma in Indonesian politics.” D. Tonkin, Esq, South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.Wei. === [PDF page 40] === CONFIDENTIAL 4. You will have seen from the telegrams that there have been several references to the naval problem being solved recently. Speaking in Surabaya on 16 May to naval officers at the Waru Naval Airfield, Dr. Subandrio said that new developments in the Indonesian Revolution were a natural event and should not surprise anybody. Sometimes in the process of a revolution there are some who cannot follow its demands. As long as developments were free from ambitions and private interests they could be useful to the revolution. "In this context one should be clean from all colonial thoughts". Dr. Subandrio, whose lecture was one of a series "delivered to solve developments the ALRI was now undergoing", said that the ALRI incidents had now been solved and called on all naval officers to consolidate the solution. J interpret Subandrio's remarks to mean that he is telling his audience not to complain if some of their colleagues receive top promotions, not because they have special naval training and ability, but because they are loyal revolutionaries. He is hinting that those who object are prompted not by proper concern fob the efficient functioning of the Navy, which appears to be a colonial concept, but by personal ambition. I give you these details of Subandrio's lecture because they are such typical Indonesianese. One may note also the new Police Chief Judodihardjo's order of the day to his force, calling on them to refrain from acts which have the intention of self-benefit i.e. to stop taking bribes. 5. Antaras in the past week have been noticeably full of items on economic matters, many of which have been reported to youe The Supreme Economic Operations Command (KOTOE) had a three-hour session on 17 May to deal with export, food, clothing and monetary issues. According to Dr. Subandrio speaking after the meeting, the Government would give top priority to irrigation and transportation problems. Earlier in the week Dr. Subandrio in his capacity of Foreign Trade Relations Minister Coordinator installed the following new leaders of the board of directors of State Trading Corporations. Colonel Usman Ismail President Director Soemardi Lt. Col. M. J. Prajugo) Sudiarso was also appointed Director of the General Managing Board of the Niaga (State Trading) Corporations in Amsterdam to coordinate Niaga branch offices abroad. Speaking on the Se@#&’Subani rio said that twenty years ago one could not have foreseen that the Indonesian Revolution would reach such broad dimensions. This is Indonesian for “would get itself into such an unholy mess". It must have rather discouraged the new directors to be told that their appointment was aby ot. best which could be made, they should Directors not think themselves clever enou *should try to upgrade themselves. 6. Amid the flurry of pronouncements on the need for economic development, measures to implement new projects and so on, the Minister for Oil and Natural Gas, Dr. Chaerul Saleh came out hot and strong with a pronouncement that in 1965 the Government would no longer permit the investment of foreign capital in Indonesia. He recalled that the President had recently said that the issue of foreign capital in the country should have been solved by 1965. He was careful to say, however, that the takeover of the foreign oil companies “which is of international nature" should be carried out by the President himself, i.e. warning the workers not to take matters into their ow hands as they had done in other industries. On the subject of oil supplies Chaerul Saleh noted in passing that the necolim forces would be in trouble if they did not get oil supplies for about 15 days. © NFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 41] === CONFIDENTIAL fe The PKI has climbed firmly on the Pantjasila band-wagon for its 45th anniversary celebrations. The Party says that it accepts Pantjasila not as a tactic but as the state's foundation, Plane 2 ne bec e there are"silas" (principles) which are liked and accep — ‘an nob. was objective and scientific and did not indicate that the PKi had become revisionist. Oddly enough one of the champions of Pantjasila, the Indonesian Nationalist Party which recently held its general session did not make any reference to Pantjasila in its resolutions. I attach a copy of these in full for the record. the general chairmn of the PNI, Ali Sastroamidjajo has followed D.N.Aidit's latest line on nesakomisation of the armed forces, reported to you in my telegram 4050. When asked his opinion on this idea the PNI jeader said he approved "Nasakomisasi" at all levels. He refused to give an opinion on the PKI's \formula for holding general elections (see my telegram No. 4928). It looks as though the PKI and the PNI attitudes are now so close“as to be almost integrated. 8. I am copying this letter to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur \and I.R.D. 7 pHiolb [4 Dato own LVRS (iM. Je T. McCann) CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 42] === @ pe DECISION OF DPP PNI GENERAL SESSION Jakarta, May i6 (Antara) “he DPP-PNI (General Board of the Indonesian Nationalist Party) in its general session during which the general chairmn of the PNI Ali Sastroamid jojo outlined the current political situation, has taken the following décisions: 4- To intensify the activities in promoting the Deklarasi Marhaenis (Nationalist Declaration) after the successful indoctrination of nationalist cadres by the Father of Marhaenist Bung Karno, and also to step up the endurance of the Revolution in all fields. The further continue leadeing in consolidating all national progressive forces in accordance with the spirit of Bogor Declaration (Deklarasi Bogor). To make President Sukanro's message before the BBRS namely the policy of "Berdikari" (self reliance) and also other decisions of the MPRS (Provisional Peoples Consultative Congress) as the basis and aim for the struggle of all Marhaenist Front in entering the stage of socialisn. fo expedite the formation of the Central Board of the National Economy in accordance with the decision of the MPRS in which PNI wants to give its contribution. To make the second Afro-Asian conference in Algiers a great success in the context that it may ever enflame the spirit of Bandung and moving towards Conefo in Jakarta in 14966. To fully support the decision of President Sukarno not to hold talks with the Tunku of "Nalaysia" and heighten the confrontation against the neo-colonialist project of "Malaysia" and to prevent "Malaysia" from admission to the Second Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers. To express its highest regard for the statement of President Nirumah who at the opening of the IV Conference of the Organisation of the Afro-Asian Solidarity (OSRAA) said the withdrawal of the imperialist from "Malaysia" was a primary condition for the success of any meeting between the two countries and also to express salute to the Indonesian delegation who had succeeded in kkaping "Malaysia" out of OSRAA. To condemn the American imperialist aggression against the Republic of Democratic Vietnam, the Xepublic of Dominica, and Laos and also to express solidarity with all the peoples of DRV, Dominica, and Laos. Hopes that the authorities in the Dwikora Cabinet would carry their function efficiently in accordance with the spirit of the Bogor Declaration. To support the decision on the revocation of the political quarantine in West Irian. === [PDF page 43] === CONFID ENTIAL 42 May, 1965. RECEIVED IN ZS MAY 1965 ee er shies Da Dries /ro (F} any “Deak — DHID3/4S js I have written separately to you about the re ge by the reported detention of the Indonesian ship "Johannes Latuharheri". The PKI through its trade union SOBSI and related bodies, is taking advantage of this situation to keep the pot of agitation on the boil. The other outside event which is helping them maintain their agitation is of course the American action in the Dominican Republic. The Communist newspaper Harian Rakjat on 10 May had an article on a comparatively minor demonstration put on outside the American Embassy on 8 May, oie it described as being attended by "thousands of youths and women". Ali the usual tired old slogans were trottem out and a demand was made for the withdrawal of U.S. forces from the Republic. The report ended on a rather sinister note saying that if this protest was not heeded the Youth Front was ready to organise solidarity actions to make the Indonesian Government confiscate all United States interests in Indonesia and to break off diplomatic relations with the United States. Being interpreted this means that given a free hand a lot more demonstrations could be expected but in fact I doubt if they will be allowed to have their head. The Government has been showing signs recently of taking more objection than it did to violent demonstrations, with their tendency to get out of hand. According to Antara 11 May, even the Malaya Independence Movement (KEMAM) has cabled President Johnson through the U.S. Embassy in Indonesia, requesting the U.S. Government not to intervene in the revolution in the Dominicah Republic, and our old friends the Afro-Asian Journalists Association have denounced "Yankee imperialism" in Dominica. 26 On the home front the President has made one or two minor administrative changes and has replaced his police chief. Former Police Inspector General Sutjipto Danukusumo is reported as having been relieved of his functions at his own request, and has been succeeded by Brigadier General Sut jipto_Judodihardjo, who was formerly the commander of the Indonesia Civil Defence Corps (HANSIP). J am told that this is the outcome of murmurings of unrest in the higher ranks of the police force which have been worrying Sukarno. He sent for Danukusumo some time ago to give him a warning, but evidently the situation was not dealt with to Sukarno's satisfaction. The unrest apparently stemmed from Danukusumo's determined efforts to build up a clique of his own within the force, to the dissatisfaction of those who were left out in the cold. As a notoriously ambitious man the President may even have felt that Danukusumo's activities, besides disrupting the force (a very sensitive point since the recent happenings in the Navy), might also end as a threat to himself. 3. It seems that Indonesia is now to go in for the manufacture of aircraft of the Fokker type. This is to be achieved within 3s years “to smooth out the transportation problem". At the same time the construction (improvement ) of the air strip at Bali is to be accelerated. Instructions have been given for the implementation of several new development projects - only a paper factory has been specified. D. Tonkin, Esqe, South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 44] === Imig [Unreadable] ee te @. Our secret telegram No. %6-of 30 April told you what I had been able to glean about the Presidential talks with Chou “n-lai and Sihanouk during the recent Bandung anniversary celebrations. I received more confirmation of this an conversation with the former Vice President, Dr. Mohammad Hatta, yesterday. e said that Chou En-lai "who knew very well how to handle the President" had promised ten million dollars for the building of a Conefo Centre in Djakarta. In Hatte's view the President had indulged in too much dictation and too little consultation with the Afro-Asian representatives when they were here for the celebrations. 4e thought few of them would be inclined to give up their membership of the existing United Nations to join in Chou “n-lai's plan of a Conefo as a new or alternative United Nations. In fact he had suggested on the quiet that the new building should be constructed in such a way that it wuld be used for "educational purposes" -presumably he meant a university - as he thought it unlikely that it would ever be used for a Conefo meeting. Perhaps this awareness of his shaky hold on the Afro-Adians has led Sukarno, according to an announcement in Antara on 10 May to approve a plan put forward by the National Front for the Nefo countries to organise an International Fair. All participants in the forth-coming Conference of the New Emerging Forces, i.e. Conefo, are expected to take part to display their potential in the economic, political, cultural and other fields. The communist sympathies of the National Front Minister Sudibjo who put the plan forward, are well known. Presumably it is hoped that the idea of a fair here will be a more powerful draw than a mere pditical meeting and will provide an occasion to make up anydeficiencies in the earlier lobbying of potential members of Conefo. 5. It would be a bold man who presumed to say definitely whether the President was sincere or not in his wish to reach a settlement of the Malaysia issue. We have already reported that there are some, though rather indefinite, Signs that the armed forces are pressing for an end to confrontation. In conversation with me yesterday Dr. Hatta said quite definitely that the President had reached the point where it would suit him to settle the confrontation issue. The objection to my mind to any reports that confrontation may be brought to an end has always been that the President finds it a most useful political weapon in the ahcievement of his one main consistent aim (apart from the maintenance of himself in power) - to weld the Indonesian archipelago into a united nation. If he were to allow this useful outside threat to disappear 1 could not see what effective alternative issue he would put in its place, both as a unifying factor and to keep the armed forces harmlessly busy. Without suggesting that Sukarno will abandon his objectgions to all that Malaysia represents,it seems just possible as a purely tactical gambit for the short term that he may be building up the general necolim threat as an alternative focal point for unifying revolutionary hate. Much emphasis has been placed in several quarters lately on the need to deal with the economic situation (though & know a Presidential interest in economica is out of character) and he may wish to allow a breathing space to repair his fences in this dhection and to enable both himself and the armed forces to do something to sort out the PKI threat within the home ranks. There area lot of assumptions here - the President may not regard the PKI as a threat at all - but I think there is enough to go on to make the idea worth keeping in mind. Remarkable stress has been laid in the last day or two on the abstract threat -of necolim (see our telegram 1044 of 44 May). Antara today reports Dr. Subandrio as saying that after the recent Bandung Anniversay celebrations Indonesia has obtained a more prominent place in the struggle against old and new colonialism and imperialism. The result of this will be to make necolin forces concentrate their targets on Indonesia. If there is anything in these faint signs they carry the implication that the President may have taken a decision to settle for the time being with Malaysia. This is certainly what the army advocated in their paper Berita Yudha as I reported to you in my - letter 1781/65 of 5 May. ee 6. I am copying this letter to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and I.R.D. Youn Rvev (WVT.T, “AAT TDENT TA rT VUIN 2 2 LAG Al === [PDF page 45] === British Embassy, CONFIDENTIAL Djakarta. 5 May, 1965. i907 [Unreadable] Deo Revek I have written to you separately on some of the items of interest arising in the past week and this letter is just a residual hotch-potch of more minor points of interest. 2. There has been some varied activity on the economic front ranging from Plantations Minister Frans Seda's May Day exhortation to state workers to step up efforts for the boosting of estate production to reports of mismanagement and corruption uncovered by a special investigation team of Kotoe (Supreme Economic Operations Command) looking into the distribution of yarn imported from China. It appears that “erroneous corrupt activities have been detected in the circulation of permits, in the administration of several mills and in the machinery equipment (sic)". There is a rather vague report that Permina, the Indonesian Oil Distributing Organisation, has ordered tankers of 10,000 and 5,000 tons - number unspecified, from abroad, including Japan. A contract was recently sent to Japan for a second phase of such orders for tankers which should arrive in 1966. 3. For his part President Sukarno has been having talks with the Minister/ Coordinator for Guided Economy Implementation, Adam Malik and others, on the flow of important construction material in the country. The talks were said to have been held on several consecutive days concerning such material from Japan @nd Czechoslevakia. The President ordered that the flow should be stepped up. He also instructed "Indonesian businessmen" to export Riau copra to Europe. However, the President apparently continues undismayed by the economic situation. He has just signed a draft for a new national theatre plan which will be built on a site covering over twenty acres in the most expensive part of the town and will take five years to complete. The main building will be eleven storeys high with flats for the artists, and one auditorium for 42,500 patrons and another with a capacity of 2,050 seats. The theatre will be big enough to accommodate 2,400 artists in the dressing rooms. he Indonesian teachers meeting on the occasion of National Education Day have proposed that President Sukarno should sponsor the holding of an Afro- Asian Educators/Teachers Conference in the near future. According to them a conference of Afro-Asian teachers would be to propagekthe "Berdikari" (standing on one's own feet) speech of the President. If it seems naive of the teachers to imagine that other countries have the same burning interest in Presidential pronouncements as the Indonesians, the rest of their statement is even more naive where they say they are ready to give even more effective serviee in order, among other things "to operate freely and independently in the field of politics". De The Indonesian Moslem Trade Union, Gasbiindo, had its fourth National Council Session from April 23 - 26 and adopted a number of resolutions supporting Conefo, confrontation, aid to the independence fighters of North D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.W.1.- CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 46] === CONFIDENTIAL Kalimantan and so on. The Council refers to President Sukarno by one of his new titles which is being increasingly used, i.e. Champion of Islan. The Union c&ls on the President to instruct Koti (Supreme Operations Command) on the banning of offensive statements among political and mass organisations in the country. Such a ban was imposed during the Tenth Anniversary Celebrations. Gasbiindo would like it made into a law which would establish political stability. Presumably the proposal is aimed at the PKI. 6. Although I mentioned in a separate letter that May Day passed off pretty quietly in Djakarta, it seems that Makassar in the Celebes was not without its excitements, which the communist inclined newspaper Suluh Indonesia described as "disturbances caused by elements of labour-phobia, particularly SOKSI (the army-backed trade union), the HMI (the Muslim Students Association) and BPB ( a local labour organisation formerly connected with the banned socialist party). The general meeting of workers to be held in Karebosi Square is rather comically described as having been forced to take place without the attendance of the workers. This is attributed to the unreasonable request of the three groups mentioned above to be allowed to be represented on the May Day Celebration Committee. When this proposal was turned down SOKSI and its friends formed its own committee and planned to have its ow general meeting in the Hasanuddin Square. The atmosphere created by these manoeuvres was so tense that the armed forces took charge of the arrangments for the May 1 celebrations. This was not acceptable to the Communist union SOBSI and its assistants and in a fit of sulks they refused to attend the meeting in Karebosi Square, so that in the end the field was left to SOKSI and Co. 9 I am copying this letter to Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. pn coy, (M. J. T. McCann) CONFDIENTIAL === [PDF page 47] === South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, With the Compliments of so) Me ce T. McCann Summarised translations from Djakarta vernacular newspapers for the week 27-4465. =. 4.25.65. rip ia;s British Embassy, oe DJAKARTA. Pes 5 May, 1965 Bb. EGAD === [PDF page 48] === 525.1965 ay i B 425.1965 (No. 1253/8) ~* his leeture at the Sorst Central School, Chairman of the Central Con< stee of PEI, Dn, Aidit, calle on SCRsT cadres end activists to cheek } tae trend towards trade unionism, whieh, he Claims, blocks the implementation of the primary tasks of the workers to eradicate the system of capitalien and to bring about new society deveid of exploitation of mar by san. ~President Sukarno sends & message of praise to officials working in "est Irian, ~President Sukerno to perform on June 7y 1965, the ground-breaking cerens: for the building of a Veterans Building at Djalan Djendersl Sudirman- Vemenggi Bridge, ~enajan, Djakerte, Ant eo ee £ 505.1965 (is. 12h / A) ~Central Youth Front cables the Cambodian “mbassy, praising the firm attitude of Prince Neredom Sihanouk to break diplomatic relations wi th the United States, Ply Thy fi es hs GE 2 i a 3 “0501965: If the Unitea ~tates does not wish to see its diplomatic relations with other countries suffer the same fate as that with Cambodia, the only way by which it can prevent this from happening is to withdraw fits forees from Vietnam, the Congo and Dominica, tar. Rak) 305.9965: By severing diplomatic relations with the United otates, Cambodia has become more independent and ig therefore free to do a8 it plesses in accordance with ite sovereignty, B iate 5.5.1965, commenting on the Wilitery Mission te Moscow, says the mission is fulfilling its task of self-reliance, for within the framework of confrontation it would be dangerous to the Armed Forces themselves if they have to depend on foreign countries for the maintenance of their modern weapons, Z 5e5s1965: The United States dlood-<stained hands have pleyed in the Congo, in Vietnam and now the accurged hands are Piaying in the Cewinican Republie, Stretching from ‘friea, Asia and Latin America, a united front is ready to hit back at those blocd-stained hands, which will only hasten the ruin of im>erialisn, o8rta Dhekti 425.1965 ~Cambedia breaks off diplomatic relations with the United States, ~ii0,000 workers take _— in May Day parade, ak iet 5.5.49 ~lay Day reception for the steff and members of the Secretariat of PEI Central Committec, ~PAPPIAS (United States Imperialist Films Boycott Action Committee) calls for the marking of the first anniversary of the boyeott against United States films (Mey 9, 1965), A 5 50509965 ~Tengku betrays Manila and Tokyo Agreenente, ~Arreste in Singapore, ~Generel Narution gees to Moseow, Berit 55.1965 ~tessage from President -ukarno to brethren who work in West Irian. ~President Sukarno again indoctrinates engineers, “The question of GPPR (Revolutionary and Progressive Officere' } vonent ) in AIRI (Indonestan Navy) settled, iu Indonesia 5.5.1965 ~Command of Pung Farno to engineers: be prepared to work as hard as possible to face the Conefo building, -Philippine young eeeeens Philippines should join Conefo, Pr (indonesian Journaliste’ Association) supports the betterment or workers’ fate, === [PDF page 49] === 5.1965 50001965 (No. 1149/8) ~ “tara Shoe codwen oo wanewes eports from Samarinda that North Borneo freedomsghters make use of the post boxes (provided by the Sarawak Government te urge the people to come forward with information on activities and hide-out of the guerrillas) to send warnings to the Necolim and their lackeys. te 125.1965 (No. 120/A-B) @ Youth Front of Sumatra demands the immediate release of youths detained by the authorities in connexion with the youths’ action to prevent the staging of Canton Opera alleged to be sponsored by ex-Kuc Min Tang members. -With the announcement that British Air Commodore Alistair Mckay Sinelair é has been appointed Chief of Staff of Malaysian Air Force, Maleysia has laid bare itself as the tool of British Necolin,. “North Kalimantan National Army Chief of Steff, Brigadier General Achmad Zaidi telis the press in Den Pasar that he believes the struggle of the North Borneo people will triumph. -Major General Achmedi in hie capacity as Chief of Staff of XOPPEDAS (Implementation Command of the Commemoration of the 10th Anniversary of the ist Afro-Asian Conference) declares that the confiscated flags on the eve of the commemoration were not Malaysian but Malayan flags. Sntara lerte Berita 225.1965 (No. 121/A~B) Antara Jarte Berita 3.5.1965 (No. 122//-B) Antara Yarta Berita 4.5.1965 (No. 123/A) Gnu tndenesta 45.1965 thinks it is absolutely necessary to place all non-domestic foreign interests under the supervision and authority of the Government, because the time has comefmr for the liquidation of foreign 4 capitals, especially those which hamper the wheel of the Indonesian revolu- | tion. 4.5.1965: Bung Karno’s refusal to go to Tokyo is a blow to bre Sate Government, which has sent Kawashima as mediator in the Yalaysian spute. Pp 4.5.1965 hails Labour Minister Sutomo’s plan to build a Workers’ Palace, which, the paper says, will go a long way towards strength-° ening further the unity among workers, increasing their political conse lous= | ness end upgrading their culture. ¢ 45.1965 disapproves of the recently inereased Garuda Indonesian rways and Pelni rates, which, it thinks, will only cause the prices of daily necessities te rise further. ana (both of &.5.1965) comment on the ationa meation Day, May 2. ee HEADLINES: 0521965 ~GOKSI, HMI and Re organisations disturb Labour Day celebrations in Makaecsar,. ~Indonesia to sponser Afro-Asian Teachere’ Conference. Eintane Timur 4.5.1965 ~Bung Karno decides not te go to Tokyo. ~Large-scale demonstration in Singapore. ~PARTINDO: Japanese efforts a 5.1965 -~Singapore workers break through barricades and tear-gas to stage a denonstra~. tion. -D.N. Aidit: Check the inclination towards trade untumxmevenments unionisn, -Go to hell with your aid, sir! 40521965 -President's command for Indonesian teachers and educationists. -~Afro-Asian Teachers’ Conference. A 40521965 ed & ms e === [PDF page 50] === BO 1965 ee 29...1965 (No. 118/B) - #8 fest Java pter of PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) complains to the west Java Police lieadquarters in oe about the slanderous letters *x seived by its committee for ~Casirman of the Sudanese State Couneil, Dr, Tidj Al-Mahi, tells the corresponient of the REI (Radio Republik Indonesia) Arab Section that President Sukarno is at once a skilled diplomat, politician and artist. ee ec te be alt to soon to be built in Djakarta, according to Labour Minister Sutomo. “Minister of “ome Affairs donates ®p.10 million to help rebuild and repair houses ruined or damaged by the recent explosion of the ammunition depot at Bodjongkoneng, Bandung, Minister Oci TJoe Tat states to the correspondent of “New York Times”, Weil Sheehan, that the political line of President Sukarno is leftist, ~The Information Co-ordinator of the Dwikora Auxiliary @aeuk Combat Brigade denies a recent Radic Malaysia broaécast that a member of the Srigade by the name of Ibrahim has been captured by the Kuala Lumpur Government The Information Co-ordinator claims that Ibrahim is still with Chairman of the Central Committee of PKI, D.N. Aidit writes to the oe t Party congratulating them on their 355th anniversary C-in-C General Yani says in Baniung that unity and oneness in spirit and determination based on the state ideology of Pantjasila of the whole x progressive and revolutionary people of Indonesia is the “deterrent power” against Indonesia's enemies who want to crush the Republic. ~Chargé d'Affaires of the Body Supervising British Enterprises within the Department of People's Industries (BAPPIRA), Colonel Suwondo,/through rbenting stir” (drastic chance of course) ex-British-American Tobacco wseee factories are going to produce cigarettes of the quality of xR& "555" (State Express). Zaeclares that in newspapers, with the exception of WYarta Bhakti, comment editorially on Labour Day “Zaria aah tt 0h. 1965 hails the proposal of the National Enterprise MAGUNA) that non-domestic foreign interests, which have now been placed under the supervision and authority of the Government, be nationalised or expropriated. : 01965 an working “class shoula understand the policy of self-reliant in economy prop —; -ljoto om May 1 (Labour Dey) and 7 hours work per day -Labour Minister: Workers should become an Sobetentinias force against imperialisn. 30 4.1965 a vive the Victory of Workers! Bung “arno to observe May 1 with workers. -Premier Agzahari hopes Indonesia will soon recognise the North Kalimantan Unitary State. ~Minister Njoto on Indonesian-United States relations. ~Articles used ae re Dasawarsa should be re-inventoried. es appeals for oneness of determination to make 2nd CGanefo a success. ~100,000 Malaysian flags which subversive elements tried to smuggled into the AW-A a aoe — had been confiscated. ~Presi harden the spirit of the workers tomorrow, Way 1. Commissioner General of Police: No Philippine spies in North Celebes. ~100,000 Malaysian ss hase got circulated in some provinces. -"tri Ubaya 5 new Indonesian Army doctrine) | is the lighthouse for oi peoples fighting enntadhs colonialism, a as iin BES ee === [PDF page 51] === gg oP IME Ea he a RE were Sa RS =a SE PS aS Ee Sk ae ee 29.1965 _jocsweeo 265.4.1965 (No. 117/28) bious Detachment of the Indonesian Marine Corps returns to Surabaya se after 10 months’ service in South and South-last Celebes. ~rcelice in Tuban, Zast Java, bans a meeting on the formation of “Gerakan Pelaksana Ampera” (Movement of the Executors of the Wessage of People's Sufferings) because some of the organizers belong to the Murba party, whose activities have been temporarily suspended by the Government. -The Youth Front in Medan foils the showing of a Cantonese Opera which the youths allege has been staged by ex-Kuomintang menbers. A number of youths are arrested by the authorities for their arbitrary action. ~The Secretariat of the National Front meets to discuss the intensification of the activities of Indonesian students abroad within the framework of organising the Conference of the New Emerging Yorces. ~Abdurrahman, Chairman of the Indian Association in Samarinda, calis on his fellow countrymen to help make the Bandung Spirit succeed. ; WARTA Bi 29.24.1965 (No. 118/A) -~Speaking at the Fishermen's Congress, Minister and Secretary General of the National Pront Sudibjo calis for the mobilisation of fishermen on the beaches as a defence line against imperialist landings wherever they might choose to land. ~President Sukarno aceepts the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) invitation to deliver a speech two days before the PKI's 5th anniversary to a rally at the Senajan Sports Palece at 9 a.m. on May 21. -The Police Commissioner—General of North Celebes, Dre. Affendie, denies to the press that Philippine spies have been arrested in the area as reported by foreign imperialist news agencies recently. -30 European soldiers meet their death in an ambush by North Borneo cuerrillas in the post of Mapu, Serian (Sarawak). -BTI (Indonesian Peasants’ Front) cables President Sukarno and ist Deputy Premier Subandrio congratulat them on the success of the A~A Dasawarsa and supporting the Stand-on-one’s-own-feet Message and hoping that the President will reject negotiations with the Tengku. -The Minister of State seconded tog the Presidium of the Dwikora Cabinet, Njoto, tells the reporter of “US News and World Reports” in Asia, Sol Sanders, that if the United States continues to support Malaysia, the outcome would be fatal to the United States itself, because it is bound to lose everything in Indonesia including the final hope of some Indonesians for a change in United States foreign policy. ~Prime Minister of the Revolutionary Sovernment of the North Kalimantan S Unitary State, A.M. Azahari Mehmud, says under the leadership of Bung Karno - the Indonesian Revolution has become a big revolution to which Afro-Asian peoples fighting for their respective freedom look for guidance. He accuses Britain of causing poverty and ignorance in North Borneo. 20 29.44.1965 says while observing the Labour Day it cannot © ng the advancement of Indonesia in West Irian because it was 4 XUEXJREXEXUES On May 1 two years ago that the territory returned officially to the folds of the motherland. On the other hand it does not see mental = spiritual development for nation-building én the Eastern part of the sland. EB che 29.24.1965 regards the joint communique signed by Sudibyo Nguyen Yan Hiew as a manifestation of the spirit of revolution of the Indonesien people which is applicable for every freedom-fighting people in their struggle against Necolim in their own country. AB 294.1965 is not satisfied with government supefvision of non-domestic foreign interests and insists on the expropriation of these enterprises. a 29.4:.1965 says despites progress and retrogression, victories ~ and defeats, the PKI's policy remains clear for all to sce, i.¢. striving towards national unity and eventually towerds a Socialist Indonesian State. © i 28.4.1965: Dr. Roeslan Abdulgani's statement has not only revea the Tengku’s ignorance of Eastern etiquette but also proved the in unserious attitude of him towards efforts for settlement of the dispute with TA am antn === [PDF page 52] === 26.0421 965 gee snipe dart 22 (ins preosecu demands ij-year imprisonment for the proprietor of Halaysian 2 ee shop, Lechnan J. Scherwani, charged with trading on shawls. -A team of lecturers of the University of Semarang, on Government to: north of Surakarta), Gua Tabuhan, Gua Sonterus, Keli Patjiten) and Gua Lewe (in the area of xummg Ponorogo) ss an anthropological preserve inti Ualayeien carnival te be held in Meden on April 28 within the framework of observing the Netional Béucation Day. -Tengku Abdul fachmen effigy burnt during A-A Dasewarsa in Singkawang. § 28.8.91965 (No. 1147/4) vy General of the National Front Sudibjo, in a written message to the the 3rd Conference of Customs Officiele meeting in Djekarte April 25-29, says the present phase of the national and democratic revolution has not yet been consummated. -In an interview with Mrs, Dr. Frances Starner of the University of California and concurrently representing “Far Eastern -conomic Review” in Manile and Heng Kong, Co-ordinater Minister for the Public kelations Compartment | H. Roeslan Abédulgani says that President Sukarno will not go te meet Tengku Abdul Rachman in Tokyo early in May because the President does not wish to make the talke look like a omall umimportant addition to the Tengku's visit te watch soccer matches there. Or. Roeslan Addulgani also states that 4a will not be invited te attend the 2nd 4-A Conference in Algiers. «Minister of State and Deputy Chairman of the Central Committee of the PRI Indonesian Communist Party) Hjote tells the correspondent of “Far astern Beonomie Review", Urs. Te meee Stanner, that the Indonesian people reject ae “a matter of principle’. -~One British soldier was killed and six other wonded in a clash with the North Borneo guerrillas in Sarewak on Monday. ~ingkajan Dereentjata 2° 1.1965, replying to the remark of an Australian politician tre esia is a “militery camp", eaye the purpose of this remark fe certainly negative. ‘The paper goes on to say that Indonesia is not hostile towards any people but opposes Necolim and its bases which are deliberately set up to encirele Afro-Asian peoples and Nefo countries. 28.8.41965. If the Indien Government, es stated recently by 5 8 does not take sides in the Yalaysien dispute, the Indonesian people will not eccept thie as neutrality for by its teke-no-side attitude India directly is allowing the perpetuation ef the neo-colonialist project of Malaysia, which is advantageous to Necolin. 21965 believes that participants to the executive meeting © mes of the New “merging "orces) are conecious enoughis to evaluste the present conerete situation of the world and sufficiently eonseious of the histcricel task whieh Genefo has taken up to meet the - 38 28 oli 01 FES -General roll-cell of volunteers in the presence of Prof. iguyen Van iiieu, <Sjote te “Yar Eastern Economie Review": Indonesian people oppose Melaysia as a eatter of principle. -Angkatan Bersendjata 26.!:.1965 «President Sukerne not te go to Tokyo carly May’ -2nd Ganefo to be more successful. «Emilio P. Cortez: President Sukarno the best leader of Asia. -Rerite Yudha 275.l:.1965 “People who do not know about diplomacy, had better shut up: “ewashima. === [PDF page 53] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded L where Appropriate) CONFIDENTIAL SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT. | INDONESIA — D H eae FROM Wg W)C SUBJECT: Kh, / up / ae eas cb cae as ke Omnm bus, No. Jou /éy Dated ai L\ unt Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: = Sulvk rca casa Im texs [17 gram Eki lord d 29 - Received (Outward Action) MINUTES rot 5 Ake % A Whe Melorn Cakarls lok Tonkin — 10Nf6S - V6 (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) hy s rat === [PDF page 54] === | Red BRITISH EMBASSY, DJAKARTA, 2 June, 1965 Dur Derk Possibly the main point of interest this week is the repeated allegation by President Sukarno that there is a plot to assassinate him, together with two of his principal eee! Subandrio and Yani. As we have indicated in teleams this appears to be an attempt to find a new rallying ery to, ake the place of TAVIP, whose message is perhaps wearing a bit = as a unifying force. This development seems to indicate that there are disruptive forces at work which must be epunbemed: That is not to say that any definite organised opposition has emerged so far. But a hint is given in the President's own reference to squabbles in the police force and Immigration Department and the firm opposition of the army to Nasakomisation. Signs that the President is persisting in his attempts to find ways round this opposition do not necessarily indicate Presidential activity on behalf of the Communists, but may rather reflect his determination that the army should not be too strong and independent a force. No doubt the President would find it convenient by means of Nasakomisation to break down the united front the army presents and make it susceptible to the political forces which the President knows so well how to counterbalance. : IMid 1 M08 7 The President's harsh words to the National Front on 25 ay (see my letter 25May) which were basically and perhaps eatiet unfairly directed at Chairul Saleh, the Front's chairman (considering what the President himself has done to under-mine Chairul Saleh's position and therefore his ability to take effective action) were promptly taken up. the same day and adopted by the PKI for their own purposes. Ina message to the Permuda Rakjat (Communist Youth) at their grand rollecall on 25 May held in connection with the PKI's 45th anniversary celebrations, Aidit referred to the President’ instruction to enter the kampongs, ‘Wwillages and slums te marshall and guide the people. He said the Communists and young Communists of Indonesia must consider Sukarno's comment as a call to them. He also urged his audience to become “the sweetheart and favourite of the people" - tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, FOREIGN OFFICE, S.0W eds === [PDF page 55] === new bdgkKcontrol committee was installec Education, Dr. Prijono, On for Educatio Department: ucation Department Sports Department L. Hardi, Deputy Minister of Cultural Affairs Candonu, Higher Education Devartment According to Prijono, books circulating at p the morale of Indonesian children resent destroyed Ul a Sa ndonesian revolutionary spirit. and weakened the i. I attach a full translation of an editorial which appeared in the fationalist (PNI) inspired newspaper “Suluh Indonesia" on 29 May, because I think it sets out usefully some of the problems which the Government is facing. os I am copying this letter, together with enclosure, to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and I.R.D. Yours kver (M.J.T. McCann) === [PDF page 56] === Suluh Indonesia Editorial of 29 May, 1965 THE COMMANDERS OF OUR LAND FORCES Although the meeting of the commanders of the land forces of the whole of Indonesia, held from May 27 until May 29, 1965, according to official statement is routine, the matter becomes very interesting, taking into account various considerations. Firstly, this meeting has been held only a few weeks after the Land Forces Seminar which produced the Tri Ubaja Sakti. Secondly, this meeting was held after President Sukarno drew attention to the seriousness of the threat from the British-United States conspiracy to use “Malaysia” as a stepping stone to attack Indonesia. Thirdly, and possibly this is not the least important, there is the friction regarding the NASAKOM problem. The situation is all the more worrying since the “Pelda Sudjono Incident", a member of the land forces who was reported killed in North Sumatra during a dispute with the BTI+Permuda Rakjat. (Lé@ut. Sudjono was beaten to death by Communist led labourers on a rubber estate in N. Sumatra.) These appear to be three separate problems. But we see them as a whole which must have been reviewed at the meeting of the commanders of the land forces which ends today. We are naturally interested in the present meeting of the commanders of the land forces, both in problems involving the military field, and those which touch social and political matters. Because these land forces are not the property of a general or a corporal; they are the property of the PNI, the NU, the PKI, the property of the whole people, the property of NASAKOM. The land force being the strongest element of the Armed Forces with the oldest tradition, its activities potentially have a very strong influence on the situation in the country. Friction between the elements of the revolution creates a disturbance of the revolutionary harmony. We feel that there is nothing to be gained while the British-American necolim is seeking a good opportunity to attack Indonesia in allowing a loss of harmony to arise among the elements of the revolution. The technical military power of the British-US necolim can be matched by us with the aid of strong unity between the organised people and the armed forces. fhis duumvirate experiences dissension, it is tantamount to inviting the necolim to carry out if intentions. / Therefore === [PDF page 57] === Therefore we greatly hope that the present meeting of the commanders of the land forces will be able to create a good situation of revolutionary unity between the people and the armed forces, particularly the army. In this way a very bad situation will be created for the necolinm. The Lari army ferfe is a vital revolutionary instrument, so it is the duty of us all to take care of it just as we take care of our own eyes. Let us develop further this potential, both those wearing the armed forces badge and the civilians. === [PDF page 58] === SECRET entrenchment of the PKI in the bases I have indicated, and possibly the establishment of a PKI front along the line Toba/ Siantar/Kisaran, With a left flank capable of indefinite extension through the mountains towards Medan? If this happened, the universally-expected PKI campaign of terrorism and retaliation would begin in earnest. In this climate, if the hundred flowers are not exactly blooming, a few scruffy tubers are showing above ground. The other day I had a long conversation with a representative BPS figure in Medan. The Burden of his song was that the BPS Wunderkind - only two months old, but already powerful enough to be strangled personally by Aidit - would, sooner or later, be resuscitated, since the post-September 30th situation was already inherent in the BPS. Even the Russians are feeling the anti-Communist draught. The Russian Consul-General told me on 28 October that a party of Russian technicians laying a section of the electric cable which is to run between Belawan and the Asahan dam project were demonstrated against recently by anti-PKI peasants. The technicians had to return to base and resume their work under Police and Army protection. (J.B. Wright) SECRET === [PDF page 59] === ale “2 & KRESS British Embassy, conripm WAL eo ee (4011765) Djakarta. 9 June, 1965. a NRE a! ee ent saa Dea Deveb | In our telegram 1229 we mentioned the setting up of an Azania/ Sovth African mission in Djakerte. This was in fact opened by the Communist Minister Njoto on Monday, 7 June. Njoto mentioned in passing that Indonesia did not recognise such regimes as those of Verwoerd and Israel. He called for more representatives from Azania to visit Indonesia. A message from General Nasution was read out at the ceremony and the Deputy Secretary General of the National Front, Colonel Djughartono also spoke, together with the chief delegate of the Pan African Congress, Potlaho K. Leballo. According to Lebalilo the fact thet an overwhelming majority of independent African states had already made it clear that "come hell or high water" they would attend the September conference of the QAU is a shattering blow to the imperialists and their monkey tricks. Referring to the conference, Leballo said it should also go a long way in gaining support for Conefo, which the Pan African Congress resolutely supported. He said "We of the Pan African Congress of Azania are happy to announce that we have been the first liberated organisation to apply for admission to Conefo" (that 'A' makes me uneasy - surely the word should start without #tt}. 2. The Government has announced that it has signed a five-yeer agreement covering diamond exploitation in South Kalimantan and possibly Lombon Island. The Dutch partner in this arrangement is Joseph Asser of the sxhy 2) Dutch Asser Diamond Company in Amsterdam, which is to provide equipment and experts for the operation. The actual processing of the diamonds will be carried out in Amsterdam with the Asser Company as the sole selling agent. By the end of the agreement Indonesia is expected to have her own diamond mining equipment. The motive behind the agreement, I am told on reliable authority, is that although diamonds have been grubbed out of the ground for some time in South Kalimentan, more or less at the knife and fork or pick and shovel level, the lack of proper control techniques has meent that virtually no diamonds ever seem actually to reach the Indonesian coffers but are mysteriously diverted on the way. One of Asser's principal tasks is to advise the Indonesian Government on methods of control. Hence the fact that when Asser shortly goes to survey the mines he will be accompanied by the Police Commander-in-Chief. 3e The Army seems to be taking a leaf out of the Communists’ book and lifting ixthe PKI propaganda line. The Army newspaper Angatan Bersendjata in an article on 5 June said that the armed forces were a social political force to be made useful in any field. Therefore there should be no phobies against members of the armed forces, not even in thepress which is also an army field. The Army is clearly not going to let the PKI and the PiI (Indonesian Journalists Association - thoroughly communist infiltrated) have it all its own way with the propagenda media, which is really all that the national press of Indonesia now amounts to. As if to underline this, the same newspaper on 7 June referring to the press as the main instrument of Pentjasila, said it must be in the hands of people who are genuinely Pant jasila-minded and who have never wronged the Proclamation of August D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.W.4.- CONFTDENTTAT, === [PDF page 60] === CONFIDENTIAL 494 or the Revolution itself (where the cap fitst!). I am ending you a separate letter about the case of the newspaper Harian Tjahaja. Le Even the Christian religious element celebrating the 15th amiversary of the Indonesian Council of Churches has tried in its timid, oblique way through the Christian newspaper, Sinar Harapan, to assert itself. In a palpable hit at the favourite PKI tactic of lauding the Pantjasila (with its first principle of belief in God) while in practice underming and subverting it, the newspaper says freedom of worship is one of the silas of the principle and philosophy of the Indonesian state. It is the duty of all people and in particular the Christians to defend and secure this principle against elements which wish to gnaw at Pantjasila. 5. As a further indication of the armed forces resistance to PKI encroachment, the Air Force Commander-in-Chief, Omar Dani was reported in the vernacular Antara of 5 June as saying that although he approved of Peoples’ China's principle of integrating the people with defence matters (nasakomisation), the implementation of this principle in Indonesia will have to be adapted to the condition and geographical situation of the country. Coming from Omar Dani with his supposedly pro-Communist sympathies this is interesting evidence of the united determination of the high command to resist political interference. 6. Aidit took advantage of a meeting of the 5th Conference of the Persatuan Buruh Minjak (0il Workérs Union), held this week in Palembang, South Sumatra, to give another fillip to the process of eroding Chairul Saleh's position. Chairul Saleh had acted swiftly in March to prevent the takeover by workers under PKI instigation, of the Stanvac, Caltex and Shell oil company installations, by putting in government teams under his own control. In his address to the Congress Aidit praised the workers for holding big demonstrations to take over the companies and forcing the government to establish supervising teams, but he pointed out that the teams in reality hed no authority, (iee. were not under communist control) because working contracts regulating the affairs of the companies were still in force. He urged the oil workers to force the situation so that supervision of the companies could be replaced by full control. In explaining what he meant by full control, Aidit included under the term "the elimination of a source of subversion by counter-revolutionaries, compradores and capitalist bureaucrats in Indonesia so that the enemies of the people could be greatly eliminated and entirely crushed." The words "compradores" and "capitalist bureaucrats" have so often been flung at Chairul Saleh and the MURBA leaders that it is easy enough to see where Aidit is aiming, as Saleh still retains oil and natural gas in his ministry. 7- You may remember that in my round-up letter three or four weeks ago (sorry no reference here now) writing about Cabinet changes, I mehtioned the appointment of a new minister adviser to the President with special responsibilities for oil and natural gas. The main task of this minister according to my information was to negotiate sparately with Japanese oil interests who are after a certain special type of crude oil available in small quantities but of particular value for their catalistic effects - that is if I have understood correctly - I am no oil expert. This morning's Antara (9 June) carries an item which ties in with this concerning expanding cooperation between Indonesian and Japan over oil marketing. President Sukarno discussed this with the President Director of the Noshodeko Company, Mr. Imai, whose company is cooperating with Permina in North Sumatra. According to Chairul Saleh who was at the meeting, a new company has been set CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 61] === CONFIDENTIAL up in Japan to expand the marketing of Indonesian oil in that country. He said Japan was expected to need 130 kilo litres of oil by next year and is expected to purchase more crude oil from Indonesia in this connection, 8. I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, I.R.D. and Tokyo with reference to paragraph 7. Yow Key Nee (Me Je Te. McCann) CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 62] === Shee eel ee lead: von Ne A British Embassy, ( j Djakarta. CONFIDENTIAL 46 June, 1965. REC ARCHIVE SN Dios en pass et; Not an awful lot this week. Quite a wartime atmosphere has been generated by a week of air-raid practices. When these are on all cars have to stop on the side of the road and passengers dismount. If they occur at night the power is cut off throughout the town. The practices last from j - 15 hours. We had no less than two practices on Sunday night, to an accompaniment of Bofors anti-aircraft fire making scarlet patterns across the sky and sounding depressingly reminiscent of wartime London. 2. We have been concerned over continual references by Sukarno and others to "limited attacks" being made on Indonesia by the necolim - see specifically telegrams 1292 and 1314. As previously reported, one of the chief sources of these allegations, General Mokoginta, has not been specific and his remarks have not been widely taken up. I attach a full translation of the General's speech as it appeared in the vernacular Antara on 42 June. The reference in the last paragraph to the General's reluctance to use his authority, with its underlying implication of the possibility of martial law, is interesting. Perhaps the army is trying to frighten the President into leaving them alone (i.e. no nasakomisation) so that they can effectively resist the mounting threat from outside. 3-6 The religious party (Nahdlatul Ulama) seems now to be following the Communist party line in not only supporting the ban on the Murba Party activities, but calling for an official verdict on it. H. Aminuddin, Azis of the N.U., also following a suggestion made earlier by Aidit and already reported to you, said that if no general elections could be held yet the alternative would be an objective use of the membership total of the respective political parties, who are bound officially to register their members with the government. ‘The N.U. Party has already submitted its list of membership which totals six million. Azis pointed out, as Aidit had done before him, that a general election would cost a lot of money, both for the government and for the political parties, "in urging their respective campaigns." 4. Pressure is being keptup on the non-communist unions in Central Java, which is of course a Communist stronghold. A conference of the Maritime Labour Union/iiarhaenist Labour Union of Central Java, meeting in Semarang was reported on 16 June to have urged the government to dissolve the KBKI (Kesatuan Buruh Kerakjatan Indonesia) -Indonesian Peoples “orkers Union, SOKSI (Sentral Organisasi Karyan Sosialis Indonesia) - Central Organisation of Indonesian Socialist Workers, GASBIINDO (Gabungan Sarikat Buruh Islan Indonesia) - Federation of Indonesian Moslem Trade Unions, and other supporters of the banned BPS. The Maritime “orkers also called on the Minister for Sea Communications to dissolve the Front Pelaut Indonesia (Indonesian Seamens' Front) and so-called Indonesian Maritime Institutes. De Tonkin, Esq.-, South Egst Asia Department, Foreign Office London $.W 4. CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 63] === CONFIDENTIAL 5 I enclose a copy of the Indonesian Herald which has one or two useful quotes - see H.i.'s red underlining.. am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and I.R.D. (3 odéTe MeCann) === [PDF page 64] === THE APPEAL OF THE COMMANDER OF THE FIRST ALERT THEATRE COMMAND TO THE WHOLE PEOPLE IN SUMATRA MEDAN, 14.6. ‘The Commander of the First Alert Theatre Command of Sumatra, Major General Ahmad Junus Mokoginta appealed that every Indonesian must acquire the Nasakom spirit - people of Pantja Sila. Therefore, he warned that all of us should foster progressive revolutionary unity with Nasakom as its axis. In his radio speech yesterday from Medan Nusantara III Studio, Major General Mokoginta as the Commander of the armed forces and all elements for the defence of the revolution, military as well as non-military, on the Sumatra frontier, warned that: "The Nasakom principle should not be made the reason to underline the separate existence of the NAS, A and KOM bit should be made the foundation for placing the Nasakom feeling in every Indonesian." He explained that the splits among us will only create an opportunity for the enemy to launch provocations, till we become more and more disintegrated. The enemy's cruelty is now mounting, and a few days ago enemy warships even shelled our shores inflicting casualties. According to the Commander, such provocations have been launched continuously By the enemy, either openly or secretly. In facing the enemy provocations, we should foster progressive revolutionary unity with Nasakom as its axis. Quoting the Order of the Day of the Commander of the First Alert Command dated April 28, Mokoginta appealed for mutual recrimination, mutual accusation, phobias and mutual insinuations to stop. "There should be no Communist-phobia, there should be no religionphobia, and there should be no military or armed forces phobia," the Commander said. In uniting Nasakom into one unit based on Pantja Sila, the Commander stated firmly: "Don't let the Nas element of Nasakom assume special importance while the others are only tolerated. Don't let the Religions or Communist element become the only important ones either. Nasakom should be created as one unit." The Commander further stressed that the authority of the First Alert Theatre Command was very broad: “The community should be fully aware that the present situation is very acute (i.e. play their part), so that it may not be necessary for me to apply the authority of the Pepelrada (Pemuasa Pelaksana Dwikora Daerah - Regional authority for the implementaion of Dwikora (i.e. the whole of Sumatra in this case)). Therefore, please help me in carrying out the duties of the First Alert Theatre Command and don't force me to apply my authority", Major General Mokoginta said, according to the Penanda Sumatra. === [PDF page 65] === VOL IV No. 148 © var President Sukarno Saturday-morning took the oath of office of the new Minister of Maritime Industry, Mardanus, and Minister seconded to the Coordinating Minister of Public Works and Power, Sutami, At the sa me Palace function the President also installed the members of the National Distribution Council, which is headed by Second Deputy Premier Dr. Johannes Leimena. (Herald Photo) INDONESIA MUST BECOMF A STRONG MARTTIME POWER Former Glory _of Sriwidiaia. Madia "to be Revived pahit Ministers Mardanus and Sutami Installed Djakarta, June 14 (Antara). President Sukarno said Saturday that the Indonesian peo ple are now standing on the thresho'd of grandeur after the establishment of the Maritime Compartment, This compartment is intended to restore Indonesia to its former position as a powerful sea nation in an cient times. In this connection the Head of State asked the Indonesian people to realize that based on Indonesia’s geo politics this country would be come a just and prosperous nation if it became a powerful sea nation. Indonesians shoud ru'e the waves, he said. The President was addressing a ceremony at the Bogor Palace Saturday marking the establishment of the Compartment for Maritime Affairs, At the same time the Chief Executive swore in new ministers Mardanus and Sutami. He also jnausurated the National Distri bution Council, The function was attended by deputy prime ministers ministers coordinator and ranking officials of the Maritime Compartment and the Compartment of Public Works and Power. For efficiency’s sake Earlier in his address President Sukarno explained that the division of severa] compart ments and departments into more sections units and coun cils was intended to promote the efficiency of government operations. The Chief Executive said that if,the Indonesian people. want to carry out the three frameworks of the national re volution, they_should first De able to stand on their own feet. The Head of State further said that Afro-Asian leaders looked with appreciation, upon his statement that the crown of genuine freedom is not being a member of.the United Nations but the ability to stand on one’s own feet. The Afro- Asian leaders were of the view that President Sukarno’s state ment in question constitutes a refresher for campaigns — to achieve national liberty, On production and distri bution Speaking about Indonesian socialism, the President said that the absolute condition for socialism in this country is production, i,e, production in Djakarta, June 14 (Antara), First Deputy Foreign Minister Su. wito_ Kusumowidagdo 1s scheduled to arrive in Manila today to hold talks with Filipino leaders about problems relating to the Second Afro-Asian conference jin Algiers Details concerning the topics of discussion were not disclosed; however, the ”Malaysia” dispute was certain to be discussed according to information from Philippine Foreign office sources, Suwito and would leave Manila for Hongkong on Tuesday and laee its widest sense, and distributi on. As a result, the government now sets up the national distri bution council} in order to pro vide fair and equal distribution to al] Indonesians. This coun, cil is also meant to implement the ideals of the Indonesian pe ople i.e. a just and prosperous society. The Head of State said the core of Indonesia’s basic aspirations is the establishment of a strong and prosperous Indo nesian state, without exploita tion of man by man, History proved that Indonesia was a strong. and prosperous.nation at the time she ruled the oceans. At the time Indonesia set up the Sriwidjaja and Madjaya hit kingdoms. These kingdoms had relations with Champa now known as Cambodia, te stated,. ter fly to Algeria making stopovers at some Asian and African capitals on the way, In Algeria, Suwito and his party would join Dr Subandrio, who will lead the Indonesian delegation at the ministerial talks due to begin on the 24th of June next. The talks between Suwito and the Filipino leaders in Manila would be divided into two stages. Today he will hold talks with Foreign Minister Mauro Mendez, who will represent the Philippines at the ministerial talks in Algeria. Follow- President Helou to Head Lebanese Delegation to Algiers Burma Sending Twelve-Man Party ChenYi: Necolim Djakarta, June 14 (Herald-Ant) President Charles Helou of the Lebanon will head the Lebanese delegation to the sec-. ond Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers, it was officially announced here Friday, Tass reported from Beirut, Prime Minister Hussein Oweini will also be on the Lebanese delegation, according to the report. The Burmese government Saturday announced it would send a delegation headed by Foreign Minister U Thi Han to the second Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers on June 29, as well as the meeting of Foreign Ministers on June 24, Reuter reported from Rangoon. According to reliable sources the Burmese delegation would consist of 12 members. Foreign Minister U Thi Han and Foreign Executive Secretary U Ohn Khin in their capacities as National Planning Minister and National Planning Secretary respectively will leave Rangoon on June 15 for West Germany to discuss economic matters before nraree, Quite afraid of Seconda ling to Algiers, the sources said. CHINA WORKING FOR SUCCESS OF CONFERENCE Vice-Premier of People China Marshal Chen-Yj Friday said China would work for the success of the second Afro Asian Conference ii Algiers at the end of this month, the dsinhua news agency repori ed in despatch monitored in Paris, Speaking at a Peking reception to celebrate king Mahenira of Nepal’s birthday, he said the great significance of the first Afro-Asian Conference, held ten years ago in Bandung, had become increasingly clear.. It was no exaggeration, Chen Yi went on, to say that the past decade had withnessed the awakening, solidarity, fighting and victory of Asian and African countries, Asia and Africa had become the storm centre of the world antiimperialist revolution. Chen Yi declared that the more than 2,000 million Asian and African peoples fervently A-A Conterence hope that the second African- Asian conference will be crowned with success and that as a result the common eause of soliaarity against imperialism will be carried to a new height, AFP reported, Marshal Chen Yi, according fo a Reuter despatch “from Hong Kong, said on the Same occasion that the imperialist and their followers were,,qui te afrajd” of the forthcoming Afro-Asian Conference in Ajgiers, He warned that they were trying to sabotage it by every means, and urged Afro-Asian countries to be vigilant. Asa Bafagih busy The Indonesian Ambassador in Algeria, Asa Bafagih, last Thursday called on the Poiiiical Directorate and the Asian and Latin American Directora te Head of the Algerian Foreign Office, Antara reported from Algiers in the meantjme, During the one-hour meeting they discussed matters related to the Second A-A Conferen _\., Continued on page I) on Philippine Djakarta, June 12 (Antara): President Soekarno has extended his most cordial congratulations to President Macapagal of the. Philippines on the occasion of the celebration of Philippines Independence Day on Saturday, Following are the contents of the cable sent by President terpart: ,,On behalf of the people and Government of the Repub lic of Indonesia and in my own name, I wish most sincerely to convey to Your Excellency and the entire people of the Philip pines the most cordial congra tulations on the happy ocecasi- Philippines Independence Day. ,,I am confident that the go od established relations and friendship between the two pe oples will become stronger and stronger. ,Availing myself of this opportunity B wish Your Excellen cy the best of health and great happiness and the friendly people of the Philippines great progress and prosperity”: Dr. Subandrio’s message At the same time First De- Minister Ruslal Abdul Soekarno to his Filipino cour on of the celebration of the | INDONESIAN HERA EXEOUNDER OF THE NATION'S IDENTITY DJAKARTA — MONDAY, JUNE 14, 1965. imdependence Day puty Premier and Foreign Min ister Dr, Subandrio sent the following congratulatory cable to Philippine Foreign Minister Mauro Mendez: »On the happy occasion of the celebration of the Indep2n dence Day of the»Republic of the Philippines I extend to Yojur Excellency and your people the warmest.congratulations with the most fervent feelings of wishes for your personal well-being and happiness, and for the progress and prosperity of the friendly people of the Philippines”. New U.S, Envoy Sworn In “Washington, June 12 (Ant- Afp).— \ Marsha] Green was sworn in Friday a United States Amor to Indonesia where e will replace Howard P. Joes who has retired from the eign service, AFP reported. » Green is a_ foreign service icers. He has been active | Far Eastern affairs since and his last post Was Deputy Assistent, Secretary of State for Far Eastérn affairs. | PERUVIAN CONGRESSMAN president’s Congratulatory Cable PRICE PER CC?" HAILS Rp, 50,— HOLDING OF CONEFO Indom Experience Valuable Material for Coaducting _ Latin American Struggle against U.S, Lmperialism Djakarta, June 14 (Antara) Mario Villaran Rivera, head of a visiting Peruvian Congres sional delegatfén, stated here Saturday that President Sukar no’s idea of holding a Conference of the New Emerging Forces (Conefo) was mankind’s most important “guiding star in the present phase of the struggle to resist and crush neo-colonialism, colonialism imperialism and to build a new world free from the exploitation of man by man and the exploitation of nation by nation, Rivera also undercored the repeated exhortations made by President Sukarno and other Indonesian leaders that the imperialists, colonialist and neo-colonialists, being not separate one from the other, should be opposed by the New Emerging Forces with all their combined strength in.a unied front. | Rivera made these stateiments at a meeting Saturday gani Warns Nasakom Cadres against Self-Conceit Most important thing is to learn from experiences in Djakarta, June 12 (Antara). Minister Coordinator for Public relations Dr Roeslan Abdulgani stated Thursday that the teachings of Bung Karno on the Inronesian Revolution were the result of objective and subjective factors. The Minister made this affirmation at the conclusion of the acce- Jemted course for.Nasakom.. (Natiaonalists, Religions and Communist groups) cadres at the Bung Karno Sports Palace, The objective factor, according to Dr Roeslan, was the capitulation of the Japanese facists to the Allied troops and the very weakness of the Dutch colonialists as a link Suwito Discussine Second A-A Conference Problems With Filipino Leaders MANILA DENIES ADVOCATING ISRAEL'S PARTICIPATION ing the talks with Mendez, Suwito would hold talks with Vice President Emmanuel Pelaez, ‘who will lead the Philippine delegation to the Second Afro-Asian Conference. On the eve of he departure of Suwito for Hongkong, the Indonesian Ambassador to the” Philippines, Abdul Karim Rasjid, this evening will give a reception to which high officials of “the Philippines were invited, Philippines busy Meanwhile the Philippines government have been busy preparjing for the Second Afro-Aslan Conference lately, Vice President Emmanuel Pelaez and Mauro Mendez have been holding talks together with members of the delegation about matters relating to the Second Afro-Asian behind closed doors. On Thursday Pelaez and Mendez held special talks with the Algerian misston comprising the permanent Algerian representative to the United Nations Tewfik Bouttouria who is also personal envoy of President Ben Bella, and Algerian Ambassador to Indonesia Larrabiz, Demogilatrous, Both of them arrived in Manila a few days ago in the framework ef their visit to Southeast Asia relating to the Second Afro-Asian Conference. It was learned that the talks held between Pelaez, Mendez and the Algerian delegation also included the "Malaysia” issue. ISRAEL Further development has shown that the Philippine government has officially denied reports of its sup port for Israel’s partjcipation in the Algerian Conference. In a press statement, the Philippine government stressed that the anesion of Israel’s participation will not be discussed at the Second Afro-Asian cofhference, and that it was indeed ridiculous to say that the Philippines were supporting Israel’s particlpation in the Algerian conference/as reported. According to the Philippines’ Foreign Office press release, the reports claiming Philippines’ © support to Israel’s participation at the Second Afro-Asian Conferenca in Algeria were due to minister pretation by the press of Foreign Midaily tife amidst people in the chain of international colonialism, in South Asia: The subjective factor was the burning spirit of the Indonesian people to liberate themselves from the shackles of colonialism. ‘He then analysed the situation ptévailing around the year 1945 in tia months of August, September it Gotober. On the 14th of August 1945 the Japanese fascists surisendered, he said, and in agreement With the Alljed troops the Japamese fascist were to maintain civil order in Indonesia prior the arrival the British troops. According to Dr Roeslan Abdulgani, this was the best moment for Indonesia to liberate herself. as the British and Dutch troops had not arrived yet in Indonesia. It was indeed fortunate for Indonesia that Bung Karno ‘and his friends knew ofthe situation and consequently proclajmed Indonesia independent on August 17, 1945, he stated. The Minister continued to say that if they Dutch had come earlier in Indonesia, they would again have gained control and would have created a multi feodal and racial state In this country. This was a fact, said the Minister, as could |, seen in the creation of the BFO by the Dutch and the socalled ’’Fe deration of ‘Malaysia’”, by the British. Don’t undermine ’Pantjasila” Talking on ”Pantjasila”, Dr Roes lan Abdulgani warned of atterapts to undermine or discredit "Pantiasila”, for, he said, ”Pantijasila” constituted one, inseperable chain and each of its fibe principles had equal importance, Dr. Roeslan Abdulgani also reminded the Nasakom cadres of the National Front not to feel as_ if they had already mastered the doctrine of the revolution, which they had learned during the lectures. The Minist.r stressed that the important thing was to implement the knowledge that they had been taught in the midst of the Indonesian society, and also the importance to hold revolutionary trainings. In conclusion Dr Roeslan Abdulgani called on the Indonesian people in general. and the Nasaikom cadres in particular to adhere to the teachings of the Great Leader of the Revolution, Bung Karno, and A OS a eee §. Vietnam Troops Dessert By Thousand Hongkong, June 12 (Ant-AFP) e South Vietnam Nationa al Liberation Front said that thousands of Sajgon regime troops had deserted to their forces, Hanoi radio reported Saturday, The report said that in the central part of Vietnam, during the first three months of this year, 3,622 Saigon regime troops have deserted to the Liberation Front. Eight thousand others deserted and return ed to their villages and 3.000 nister Maurg Mendez recent sta- others mutinied and refused to fight, tement. to struggle continuously for conummation of the revolution. with leaders of the ‘Gotong Royong’ House of People’s Re presentatives’ foreign and other commissions, Rivera said he and his dele gation understood and ‘appreciated the principles of the Indonesian Revolution and Indonesia’s Struggle against Neco lim* under the leadership of President Sukarno. He said the Peruvian people really admired the Indone sian people’s struggle against Necolim and considered it as a strugggle of the highest order. ”’We shall take all this back to our country as the most important material for the struggle of the Peruvian people in particular and those of the Latin American peoples in general”, Rivera said, U.S. imperialist domina tion in Latin America, Rivera further said that fn Latin America; American imperialist domination was at present still strong and the Latin American people, in particular the Peruvian people, were waging a staunch struggle to wipe out this American domination and to overhaul it to conform to their respect- | ve national interests, It was in this context, Rivera said, that the experience of the Indonesian people would be a valuable materia] for the people of his country. A three-man Peruvian parliamentary delegation is currently visiting Indonesia on the invitation of the Indonesian House of Representatives, The members of the delegation, who are staying here for ten days, were received by Coordinating Minister Ruslan Abdulgani at his house Saturday-evening, To Dr. Abdulgani’s right is Sr, Mario delegation. (Herald Photo), Algiers, June 11 (Antara) The Algerian daily (French edition) "Alger Republicain” in®a recent editorial on the forthcoming second Afro-Asi an summit conference June 29 next criticized and scorned ten dentious reports carried by the imperialist press to dwarf the significance of the second Af ro-Asian Conference, The daily said that the huge attention paid to the projected conference by a great number of countries proved the importance of the second Afro-Asian meeting. The paper went on to say that the aims of the Algiers conference are similar to those of the first Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung ten years back. The conference will aim at sup plying full national independence to Afro-Asian countries and at uprooting foreign domination in Afro-Asian soil. What scares necolim most, What is most feared by the imperialists at present, the pa per added, is strong unity among the peoples of Afro-Asi an countries, This Afro-Asian unity proved to be an effective weapon for the anti-necolim struggle, After the first Bandung con ference, the areas dominated by the imperialists have been quite reduced to a very small number, In still dominated areas an ii-imperialist struggle and cam paigns are mounting, "Alger Republicain” said, On the other hand a different kind of struggle has emer ged, ie, the struggle to complement the newly achieved independence, to attain full Villaran Rivera, leader of the ‘Algerian Paper Stresses Emportance of Second A-A Conierence national independence by eliminating the remnants of the jmperialist economic elements and system, _ e paper pointed out that in spite of the numerous con tradictions among the necolim they still have new tactics to achieve thelr aims, The daily pointed out to US imperialists’ acts of intervention in Vietnam and the Dominican Repu blic, *Alger Republicain” conclu ded by noting convincingly that the second Afro-Asian summit conference will become a success for the struggle being waged by the AfroiAsian peo ples, Portuguese Charged of Using Toxie Gas in Angoia Algiers, June 12 (Ant-AFP). The Angola Government in Exile (GRAE) in-a statement published here Saturday charged that Portuguese troops had used toxic gas during rep ression operations in Angola. The GRAB, headed by Hol den Roberto, called on the In ternational Committee of the Red Cross to denounce such Nazi procedures, - It said the Portuguese had used the gas on June 5 at Dem bos and again 50 miles further south at Colungo Alto. Large quantities of gas we used, it claimed. It also sai that Portuguese aircraft bombed and set fire on several vil lages, killing and wounding ma hy, peoples, Rivera also said during the meetitng with the DPR-GR (House of ~ Representatives) members that it appreciated President Sukarfio’s plan to unite the. progressive forces in the world by holding a Con ference of the New Emerging The delegation was also im pressed by the Nasakom (nationalist religious and commu nist) unity: which had enabled the Indonesian revolution to achieve victory upon victory. in the framework of exterminating necolim (imperialist, colonialist and neo-colonialists) headed by the US impé rialists, * The three-member Peruvian | Congress delegation arriv here Thursday last, They attended the Nasakom Cadre course on the same day where the chief delegate delivered an address, The delegation was to tour Indonesia during its one-week stay here. Meeting with Abdulgani.: The delegation, consistin of Mario Villaran Rivera, Jaime Jovruto Florez and Carloz Zamura Perzua, Friday night paid a courtesy call on Coordinator Minister for Public Re lations Dr, Roeslan Abdulgani, In the course of the meet: ing, which proceeded in a cor dial atmosphere, Dr. Roeslan Abdulgani held an exchange of views with the Peruvian solons concerning current international situation, In compliance with their request, Dr Abdulgany explained about the Indonesian state’s ideology, ”Pantjasila”’, Several copies of books on *Pantjasila” in English — some of which written by himself — were presented to the guests with the hope that they might provide further clarifieation and give them deeper insignt of the Indonesian ideo - logy and life in general, The Peruvian guests in turn briefed their host regarding the latest situation in Latin American countries, in Peru in particular, and their revolu tionary struggle against the political and economic domina tion of the United States, Before departing the delega tion extended an inviation to Dr. Roeslan Abdulgani and a group of Indonesian parliamen tarians to visit Peru, ”*Malaysian”, Socialist Front Leader Arrested Djakarta, June 13 (Antara), Tunku Abdul Rahman's regime Friday announced the ar rest of Dr, -M.K. Rajkumar, a senior official of the pregressi ve anti —,,Malaysia” Social ist Front Party after it learnt that Dr. -Rajkumar and other Socialist Front members were planning to attend the forthco ming Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers, The arrest was made while the Kuala Lumpur regime was becoming more and more awa re that. it would have no chan ce of gaining admittance into the Algiers conference, Dr. Rajkumar was taken in: to custody,,because of his sub versive and anti-,Malaysia’ ae tivities which are considered threat to the security of the: country”, a Kuala Lumpur spq¢ kesman said, according to a ré, port from the,,Malaysian” ¢' pital, “ The Tunku regime acted un der the,Internal Security A:v which permits indefinite im;:rf sonment wjthout trial. Announcement / Works stopped during a‘r-raid exercise last night, the Herald, appears four pages today. tors, === [PDF page 66] === Cambodia INDAY, JUNE 14, 1965. Assassination Some time ago we expressed our views as t@ why the protracted conflict over Kashmir between Pakistay and India the solemn pledge made by-the late Sri Nehru himself, This is also the view of no less than Sheikh Abdullah, whom India had called in deference to his services as the ’Lion of Kashmir”, This man is now in an Indian jail. \ Only a few days ago, we wrote éditorially that also in the diplomatic field India is try, to undo the concepts as laid down by the late Srj Nehru, With particular reference to the E Conference in.1955, we pointed out that the late Prime Minister of India had always wanted an Afro-Asian Conférence distinct from the world’s conten’ powers: the Soviet Union and the United States. India, evaluated agaimst her receat activities, has shown indications of buryfing this concept of Bandung. Temporary litical manoeu have made India think that it is worthwhile to undennine the Bandung concept as it was originafly born and to bury the thoughts of the late Sri Nehru, As if India wanted to say ”Go to hell with Nehru’s concepts, as long as i can get even with my neighbors even for a dayt”. But it is not against Nehru’s concepts alone which India is fighting. She is also fighting against the most tal teachings of the late Mahatma Gandhi, Gandhi had distinguished himself for a philosophy of non-cooperation with oppressors and imperialists. His philestruggle had made great imprints on the history of man’s struggle against injustice of his fellow man, It was Gandhi’s great thoughts and those of his disciple-Nehru which had won India the respect and envy of the peoples of the world. Unfortunately, Mahatma Gandhj died When De We Shoot Them? The Government is working overtime in order to make a breakthrough in the present economic impasse. A number of drastic steps had been taken in the financial fleld in order to decrease the amount of money in ¢irculation, Similar steps have been taken in an effort to stamp out speculations aud subversive activities in the economic field, such as hoarding and arbitrary hiking of prices, We commend the government for these actions. But we still see a number of activities on the part of enterpreneurs which ean be subversion, The state of the gasoline distribution, for instance, is one of them, We have been told that the duty to put onder to this irregularity lies with the Police Department. Now, let us see some action taken, and the quicker the better. The Government has made a number of threats to shoot or hang persons who THE INDONESIAN HERALD > had not succeeded in finding a solution. We said thenthat Indiahad forsaken classified imto acts of economic of Gandhiism at the hand of an assassin. Mankind haa lost a great man, a saint! But there was one consolation, Gandhi-ji may he dead, but his thoughts live on for ever! As we observe the political behavior of India today, to our grief, we can find this consolation no longer, The Present Indian leadership seems determined to assassinate even Gandhi's teachings in a desperate attempt to score temporary political gains. India is not only in trouble with many of her neighbors, she has come to werk hand in hand with forces which seek to continue the domination of the Afro-Asian world. Whether she is aware of it or not, it is an undeniable fact that the policies of India had helped to strengthen the return and the presence of neo-colonialism in certain parts of Africa and Asia. as One glaring example is the support given by India to the aeo-colonialist project called ’Malaysia”. Reports have indi cated that India is going to take the lead in having Malaysia” invited to the Algiers Conference. While she knows that she is strengthening the hand of neo-colonialism in Asia by so doing, Indonesia is determined te oppose this. And India knows this. We on our part, in our firm determination te defend the true character of the Bandung Conference — namely as a gathering of antinecolim forces in Africa and Asia — will fight with all our strength and energy. And Indonesia is not alone! if India forces a rupture, let the anti-necolim forces part with those which work in the service of necolim forces. India then may find some consolation that she can accomplish something what necolim forces had not been able to do by themselves, India may then find some satisfaction in “getting even” with her neighbors, But what she is doing in fact is to bury for ever the Nehru concept of Bandung and to assassinate the very tenets of Gandhiism of non-cooperation with forces of oppression and domination, are found guilty of economic subversion. Up to now, we have not heard of anyone having been meted out this promised penalty. We have been very receptive to examples from People’s China or the Democratic Republic of Korea. In our view, good examples should be followed and those not appropriate for our way of life, ignored, China and Korea have in practice shot many of their economic saboteurs. With these drastic actions, they have succeeded in up their society front speculators, economic saboteurs and subversives. When do we shoot those who had been carrying out these kinds of activities in our country? Let us not be lenient to a few, because with this leniency we are sacrificing the economic welfare of the majority of our population. ¢: An Oasis of Peaee. im Southeast Asia - Fourth and Concluding Part FOREIGN POLICY maintained strict neutrality. territory, but will [Unreadable] resist all mL CE Foreign Office Adviser and former Ambassador to the United King. The foreign policy of Camboiia has roots in the pride of the Khmer people. for their past, their independence, their Buddhist religion, devotion to * monarchy and healthy economic conditions. The fierce nafionalist-cum-neutralist character of the Government is a forfnidable barrier to the spread s§ Communism and istability, Cambodia has thus all the qualifications of being an oasis of peace in South-East Asia, Cambodia is in the mainstréam of Asian awakening and nationalism — in political, focial and economic policies, It is wedded to socialism. The Prince said in 58: »,Le so ialisme est le seul regime qui hnvienne a notre pays parcequ'il repond a notre mentalite et a notre ideal buddhique cha ritable ect humanitaire — qui peoche la tolerance et la frater- _‘Rilte et recherche le bonheur ‘pour tous”. This shows that Sihanouk’s political orientation, jike that of Jawaharlal Nehru,. flows from the ancient traditi- “nist (which was represented in ‘a symbolic way by his assumption of the ancient Khmer royal title of "Varman”) and a wide understanding of the modern world trends, Camhodia’s foreign relations have ‘ortunately, not been alwa appy. This is because the country is loca‘ed in the centre of one of the world’s bitterest and most confused battle — ground — Laos and Vietnam. It has steadfastly refused to be influenced by the American belief in the “domi- ” theory (if one country in e region falls, all others will) hich has been a_ source of fict in the region. It is rey creditable that Cambodia j the only country in the re-1- H which has... withstood, the rm of the Cold War and It- has secured ‘assistance from both the West and the East. Though it rejected the US aid in 1963, it is not averse to receiving ald from other Western Powers, particularly France. The Prince has said that De Gaulle is the only statesman who understands his country’s problems and the only true friend of Cambodia. The basic tenets of Cambodia’s foreign policy are national independence, territorial integrity, neutrality, in the East- West ideological conflict and Asian solidarity, Its demand for re-convening the Geneva Conference, to guarantee its territorial integrity has met with hostility from the US and Britain who do not relish its neutrality. a On this, the Prince has said: "If the Americans had accepted my proposition of neutralisation when! presented it to them they would have had no doubts with regard to us”. On alignment, he had said: "Alignmeht with the East or West would be the end of our indeehdchce’’, The main difficulty of Cambodia ig due to its failure to ri round Thailand and South Vietnam to its viewpoint on the border issues. The Prince believes that a change of these countries to Communism would not solve the problem. He says: "The essential condition to renew our relations with Thailand is that they. renounce their expansionist plans on our provinces or islands, which, contrary to ail evidence, they affirm are pe opled by Thais. It is the sane with South Vietnam which affirms at first amity for Cam. bod‘a and claims lands and is lends from Khmers. These neichhaurs. ought to know that we will never cede an inch of agression”’. The Geneve Conference _ of 1954 with regard to Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, and later of 1962, particularly with regard to Laos, aimed at maintaining independence and territorial integrity of these *nations. The 1954 accord stated: "In their relation with Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, each member of the Geneva Conference undertakes to respect the sover eignty, the independence, the unity and the territorial integrity of the above mentioned States, and to refrain from any interference in their internal affairs’. But the subsequent events show that these solemn agreements were constantiy Violated, So long America is wedded to the “domino” theory, it wil} not countenance Cambodian neutrality. The Prince has cai!- ed upon the great Powers, of both West and East, to neutral ise the whole region of South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia in order to solve the problem. (From "Indian Foreign Affairs) STERLING NO LONGER LEGAL IN HONGKONG. Hongkong, June 11 (Ant-AFP), Sterling notes are no longer legal tender in Hongkong, according to a government notification issued today. This revokes a regulation made on February 19- on which sterling notes were made legal tender here at the rate of one pound sterling to HK ¢ 16. None of the 10 million sterling in notes imported from Britain in February was ever issued in the colony and the notes have not been returned to Britain. The notes were imported due to the shortage of local bank notes issues when there. was a run on a number of Chinese banks at the beginning of the year, (Ia ten days, politics. We begin the entire line-up of ministers. Premier Sate has appointed what can be said a very strong eleven man delegation to represent Japan at the Conference. Mr. Sliojiro Kawashima, the man who headed the country’s delegation te LASAWAR SA, is again head of the leiegation to Algiers: He will be assisted by Foreign Minister Etsusaburo Shii. na, Kiichiro Sato, chairman of Mitsui Bank, Toru Hagiwara, Ambassador to France, Katsumi Ohne, dom. As alternate delegates Japan appointed its ambassadors to Turkey, Pakistan, Sweden, Algeria and Indonesia, Mr Shizuo Saito. Deputy foreign vice minister, Nobuhiko Ushiba is also alternate delegate. There will be a number of advi. sers, including those from opagsltion Japan Socialist Party. “Bes DIFFICULT POSITION io Political circles frankly admit that for Japan, Algiers is not going to be a “tea party.” Japan can count to become tle “mostpressured” nation at the Conference table. The reason is obvious. Japan is formally tied to the United States; both countries are allies in the pdlitical, economic and military fields: And the United States’. image in Africa and Asia today is the worst ever in the past twenty years: This fact is certain to cast its shadow on Japan at the Algiers Conference. This is also one reason why Ja pan has not yet — or is unable to — come to a clear cut policy line regarding Algiers. The guide-lines given by Japan have been very vague and do not reflect the vast changes which had gone in Africa and Asia since the first Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung ten years ago. The wavering attitude of Japan was criticized recently by one of the three major newspapers in To kyo, the MAINICHI: Commenting on the appointment of the Japanese delegation, the paper, among other things, wrote as follows. “Frankly speaking there igs a sort of uncertainty regarding the Government’s attitude to the eon. ference, especially in the sense that it seems to lack a firm policy or determination. The only policy exPressed so far by the Government is its support of the Bandung Principles for Peace that was” propclaimed ten years ago. »The world situation lias changed drastically in these 10 years. There is a high possibility that the conference would sail a rough voyage under the initiative of Communist China and Indonesia. The Government must be prepared to meet any development in the conferenee, particularly «in telation to the so-called “Second U-. nited Nations” issue, and in dis. eussing the possibility of a general war between Communist China and the United States. “The country by taking advantage of the remarkable growth it attained in the past 20 years, is urged to express policies at the conference that will impress the nati. ons with its creative role in world affairs”. A recent editorial in JAPAN Ti- MES, however, wanted to discourage Japan from attending “commu. FOCUS ON ALGIERS Johnson:,1’m in a helf of a mess myself, buddy!” Report from Tokyo - i TT the ministerial Meeting of the Second Afro-Asian Conference meets in Algiers: Major capitals all over the world are focussing their attention to this historic-making gathering. The Herald, with the cooperati-on of its contributors scattered all over the world, has compiled a series of articles how Algiers looks series with the report from Tokyo — Editor) like from these centers of world PRIME MINISTER Eisaku Sato of Japan has succeeded in forming his own cabinet. When he took over from ailing Hayato Ikeda six months ago, Now, Premier Sato can call the present seems determined to put his own stamp on the domestic, as well as foreign policies of Japa The new cabinet, formed from the,,big bos ses” in with two urgent issues, At home it is faced with the coming Upper House elections due m July. At the diplomatic field, it is faced with the Second Africa-Asian Conference opening in Algiers on June 24 and continued with the Summit meeting on June 29. he practically took over the government his own, He the Democratic Liberal Party is faced nist Insprred” Conferences. paper was very critical of the re- gation is likely to propose to the cent Winneba Conference which Conference to put substance to the had turned down “Malaysia” aad Bandung call for closer economic had expressed strong words de- relations between the countries of nouncing American policies in Afri- Africa and Asia, Among a number ca and Asia. The paper reminded of programs to be proposed, is the the Government that Japan is a »medical assistance corps” in which member of the “free world.” Japan js to offer the servjces of young men to help elevate the THREE POINT OBJECTIVE health standards of Japan has disclosed its threepoints objective for the Algiers Conference. First: Reaffirmation of the Bandung Principles; Second: Preservation of the Spirit of Unity among the nations of Africa and Asia, and Third: Establishment of framework in which the countries of Africa and Asia can — on the basis of mutual benefit. engage in economic and technical cooperation. Within the first framework, it seems that Japan is going to pat emphasis on “peaceful settlement of disputes”, “reaffirmation — of faith in the United. Nations Char. ter,“ and principles of the like. Coupling this first objective with the second, namely “spirit of unity”, Japan hopes to inch its way towards its real objective: the paying of the way toa solution to existing disputes in Asia. Originally Japan was thinking of proposing the establishment of a Japanese counterpart of,,Peace Corps”: But the American image, being what it is today in Africa and Asia, Japan has temporarily given up the idea of borrowing the term,,peace corps”: CONTACTS WITH CHINA Special Envoy Kawashima js expected to continue his contacts with the leaders of People’s ‘hina during the Conference days. While Japan will insist on continued allance with the United States, she has begun to fee! the need for,,nor malization” of economic and trade relations with People’s China, While the American market still constitu tes the most important outlet for Japan’s expanding industry, Japan is beginning to feel the pinch of higher and increasing — restrictions put by American manufacturers. This is true in. the field of textile as it is true in the field of fishing. American investment in Japan is levelling off and Japan has begun There is a possibility that Japan may approach People’s China for a possible political solution to the Vietnam situation, The present SA- TO government has committed ‘t- The the past twenty years, Japan’s dele: developing countries in Africa and Asia, Fae @ res FUEL There are two reasons why fuel is so hard to be had. Either because the people at the gas-stations are dishonest, or because of subversive actions, In Bandung people are lucky ii they can get fuel at the gas Stations. They usually buy it pee jerry-can at the price of almost Rp. 1000,— Djakarta now follows this.bad example, If it is a matter of the people serving at the gas statieas this problem would be very easy to solve. _ We hope that it will soom be overcome, for the longer we wait the more we get used to buying fuel at a high price which is a bad habit. (Duta Masjarakat, June 12, 1965) [Unreadable] HOME FRONT CONSOLIDATION Dr. Subandrio’s statement that we are facing a very critical situation as the necolim is clearly preparing base schemes directed to Indonesia, should urge us te be more vigilant. Our vigilance is indeed shown by our battietroops. The war Fleet and the Naval Corps Command are ready in the Suoe known as the “life-line of imperialism”, nm attacked by the enemy, our operational tro at the border regions which form a striking force” wir sore tainly succeed in destroying the enemies’ bases in their own area. The frequency of Sea, land and Air operations have been increased. This combat-readiness at the front-line is not complete, however, when we do not consolidate the home front for only with a consolidated hemefront can we fully support the front line. Therefore we have to strengthen our Nasakom uniiy which is a strong weapon against provocations, insinuations and other subversive actions to divide and weaken our forces. We are convinced that the TRI-COMMAND will succeed in destroying necolim ’British Malaysia”, (Berita Yudha, June 12, 1965) AAC If MUST BE A SUCCESS As the day of the AAC Il in Algiers approaches the imperialists increase their subversive actions to thwart this conference, [hey dream of making it a complete failure. Now they interféfe in the matter of participants, The neocolonialist project of ’Malaysia” is pushed forward to become the first issue. Through their lackeys who indeed dance at their pipes, the imperialists try hard to obtain the key of the door to the AA-Conference. These are positive atiempts to frustrate. the conference and when carefully investigated we find that the irfiperialists had had some success. There are among the AA countries several who willingly become the broker of tickets sale to admit Malaysia,: And they will not leave it here. When Malaysia” has penetrated into the conference, the imperialists will seek other reasons to thwart the AAC Il, In deliberations their pawns will play an important role We should therefore concentrate on saving the AAC II from the imperialist activities. All our energy must be directed to paving the way to make this conference a grea¢ success. (Suluh Indonesia, June 12, 1965) THE NEW CROSSROAD We would be very pleased if the cross road of the National Monument will be completed on August 17, 1965, the twentieth Anniversary of our independence day. The National Monument is a manifestation of the history of struggle and revolution of the Indonesian people. Therefore the completion of the National Monument is not only important in the sense that it beautifies the city, it has also a great value with regard to the history of the revolution. This road was once opened and ther closed again as if it was done without any planning, As President Sukarno often said: socialism is planning. We hope therefore, that this time the road will be really comself to campaign at the forthcoming Upper House elections on a plat form which includes the calling for a “fair and peaceful settlement of the warin Vietnam through uncon ditional talks between warring par. ties”: There are speculations that Japan has obtained the green light from Washington to make thi roach. ie On the other hand, Japan will first bargain for “good will and spirjt of nity” among African and Asian countries. Within this .context, Japan is very likely to push for participation of South Korea and South Vietnam — pat not Taiwan — in the Conference, Regarding "Malaysia”, Japan is “ne utral in favor of "Malaysja’” and will try to avoid “positive” moves unless forced by circumstances. There is a likelihood that Japan will carry out intensive lobbying for the cause of South Korea and, South Vietnam. Regarding the first country, it must be recalled that one of the major achjevements of the Sato government in the past six months — as seen from the interests of the,,free world” — was the,,normalization” of relations between the two countries. A failure to score on behalf of South” Korea in Algfers would embarrass the Sato cabinet in the eyes of the United States and the tofiservative elements in Japanese political cir eles;. Regarding Vietnam, it seems that Japan is also entrusted with obtaining for it, the stamp of respectability. In this case, Japan may get the support of the Philippines and Thajland. But how far can Japan do a good job without risking the suspicions of the African — Asian nations that it is serving as an American broker? But the recent Cabinet crisis has increased Japan’s. difficult role. ECONOMIC PROGRAM Japan is expected to take the greatest advantage from her,,miraculous’ economic construction in to put more emphasis on the European capital market; Looking far into the future, Japan is of the view that the Chinese market can be ignored no fonger. Speculations have been heard among Osaka industrialists that they are going to pressure the new Sato cabinet to open consular relations with People's China. In Tokyo, observers agree that the present Ca binet include a number of,,big men” who are more realistic about increasing relations with People’s China. Within this context Japan’s support for Soviet participation in Algiers is highly unlikely; RELATIONS WITH AFRO- ASIAN WORLD Poljtical observers in Tokyo are of the view that the Algiers Con ference, is the last chance for Japan to,,integrate” itself into the political mind of the Afro-Asian world. They point out that while Japan has reached an economic growth higher than Italy or has approximated France, its political influence is insignificant: The Afro- Asian world sees in Japan as a mere appendix of America’s Edisonian revolution. This is perhaps the greatest chalenge which Japan faces in Algiers. And Japan can be expected to’ stress that it also strives to pursue an independent foreign policy” aimed at,,peace and prosperiry”: Can Japan catch the imagination of the Afro-Asian world? Japanese observers are of the view that,,by itself, Japan can put up a good and convincing role.” But there are other factors,beyond Japan’s control” which may take the rug from under Japan’s feet: Confiden tjally, they are pointing out to the continuing blunders committed by the United States in Vietnam, in the Congo and in the Domintcan Republic, And Japan’s name, they point out, is strongly tied to that of the United States (Tomorrow: Re. port from Manila). pleted. ~ (Suluh Indonesia, June 11, 1965). In honour of Sergeant Ted Cardinal the boys on Sint Vincentius Orphanage will give a farewell variety show on Monday June 14, at 134, Djl. Kramat Raya: Sergeant Ted Cardinal has given moral and material support to the building of the Orphanage and is leaving for the U.S. He was voted the American of the year in 1964 ‘n Indonesia, It was a capacity” crowd that had gathered Saturday evening in the festively ulu Publishing permit: Board of Editor} Editorial Office a for Nationa) Vionument = Re Dip nantly | The Indonesian # D. Soejone - amid “A, Prajltno, Widiona. Business Managet e V, Soetome Subscription-Advertisenient. Djl, Hajam Wuruk 8 Tel’ oF 49331, Ext. 64 Banker Bank OMagang Negara, ‘Printers Daja Upaja 7 Publisher § Herald Press s Rp. 23,— mm columm subscription. chuding = delivery and contribition deomenedtie minated garden of the residen ce of Ambassador and Madam Reyes to celebrate the Philippine Independence Day. Highlight of the very success ful party formed a performance by the Mabuhay Dancers who presented three dancing numbers in Spanish style to an audience among whom were Ministers of the Dwikora Cabinet, Ambassadors of friend ly countries, and many other prominents of the Indonesian society and the Diplomatic Corps, erald’ ment of | information, onppis Dr, Arifin Bey DP, Buliding-Ground Floor, Dil, grin 6%. Tel. 47804-47805 Hone. &, Sutowardoyo. All Halagy, Dil Gajam Wuruk & Tel, 49331, Ext 64 1030.-- === [PDF page 67] === @ monvay. JUNE 14, 1968, , 7— Feel Such Terrible Remorse” Canadian Mother of the Year” Writes Indonesian Diplomat Djakarta, June 14 (Herald) Recently a Canadian whe bad just been named ’Mother of the Year” wrote a letter to the Press Attache of the Indonesian Embasy in The Hague, The two had become good friends because she was of Dutch origin. When the two met again in Ottawa this spring, the Indonesian diplomat brought her a few books as gift, Returning to The Hea gue, the Press Attache receiv ed a letter from the Canadian frjend, Mrs. Henriette van den Breggen. In it, she sajd that reading the books, especially about Indonesian experience of colonialism made her feel "such a terrible remorse”, Part of the conten, of fhe letter follows. "I wish te thank yeu again coming to see me in Ottawa, and fer the wonderful books you presented to me. I Was sor 'y you had to leave, because badly wanted you to hear what I was going to say in the The Sea Serviee I took this interview at an establishmenre whose possessjons spread over scores of thousands of square kilometres and which has at its disposal twenty-two ocean-going shjps. 1 mean Atlantikk NIRO — the Atlantic Research Instjtute of Fishery and Fishing jn Kaljnjngrat Serge; Studenetsky, Djrector of the Institute, told me about its latest work. Our sh ps, fitted out with the fish detecting equjpment, are working all over the ocean, jn Western and Southern Atlantic. Proceeding from the behaviour of thé fish, gis spawning, the conditjons wnder which the fry develop, the movement of water, its temperature and weather reports, researchers "fish crons” for the next — five-six years and provide recommendations as to where and by which means the fjsh should be caught today. The Institute develops new fishing metho ’s, Three ships working in equator al waters dre fitted out with spotligtt sardine catching equjpment. The behaviour of thjs fish seemed «i‘ierly mysterious at first. Sardines were attracted by light waves of » definite frequency. It was not very d)!ficult to make a spotlight emmittine now blue, now red now violet light. But then. turned out that such fire- “i xks attracted sardines only in a few parts of fhe ocean. In some five-minute speech allotted to I have been reading your books. They make we cry! I feel such terrible remorse about over the three hundred years of colonialism, Exploita tion ig a better work for it! How.can we ever make up for it, ever be forgiven! Would there be anything I can do? I have been wondering. I would like to work for a better understanding of the Indonesian people, Maybe I can help to wake up the affluent one thjrd of our world to the recognition of what we are doing and have done to the other two thirds, Your books have been helpful in speeches I have had to make...?” Mrs, van den Breggen had been named "Mother of the Year” of Canada for her outstanding services for the public good: She has also been writing articles about Indonesia in dailies in Saskatchewan, cases the fish is attracted by red, 70 others by light, and sometimes it is totally indifferent to any colour if the lamp does not twinkle. In a word, it seemed impossible to,,please” the fish. Expe riment continued for two years. Another difficulty was that all these experiments were made in the open sea. In acquarjum the fish did not react, to any light. And nevertheless, the institute worked out precise recommendations wh;jch help the trawler to cacht such an amount ef fish overnight which takes about a week to process. The Institute’s research associates are now preparing an jnteresting experiment. They are going to use a continuous trawling method of spart fishing jn the Baltjyc, Not a minute will be wasted on the lowerine and lifting of the trawl. The trawl js made bottomless and connected with the ship by a hose. It will be possible to pump night out of the sea —just a fajrly tale. fish like in tape recorded,,fish voice”. The laboratary. assistants can distingujsh without any difficulty the soft »muroble” of the herrings from the “screams” of the sardines. In the final count researchers want to find out which particular sound is uttered in whjch situation, Already now it is possible to determine by the sound what kind of fish is under the keel, The Instjtute resear- Science -Life’s Mysterious Cloeks (Prof. of Biology of Northwestern Uniy. USA) One of the greatest riddles of the changes in light and temperature, universe is the uncanny ability of living things to carry out their nor« mal activities with clocklike precision at a particular time of the day, month and year. Why do oysters plucked from a Connecticut bay and shipped to a Midwest laboratory continue to time their lives to ocean tides 800 rniles away? How do potatoes in be:wmetically sealed containers predic atmoshpheric pressure trends two days in advance What effectsedo the lunar and selar rhythms have on the life habits of man? Living things clear ly possess powerful adaptive capacities — but the explanation of whatever strange and rermeative forces are concerned continues to. challenge science. Let us consider the phenomena more closely. Over the course of millions of years living organisms have evolved under complex environmental con ditions, some obvious and some so subtie that we are only row begin ning to understand their influence, One important factor of the envi ronment is its rhythmicality. Contributing to this rhythmicality are movements of the earth relative to the sun and moon The earth’s rotation relative ta the sun gives us our 24-hour day: felative to the moon this rotation, together with the mooa’s revolution about the earth, gives us our lunar day of*24 hours and 50 minutes. The lunar day is the time from moonrise to moonr'se The moon’s arrival every 295 days at the same relative position between the earth and the sun marks What is called the synodical month. The earth with its tilted axis revolves about the sun every 3865 days, 5 hours and 48 minutes, ylelding the year and its season. The daily and annual rhythms re lated to the sun are associvted with the changes in light and temperature. The 24.8-hour lunar day and the 29.5-day synodical month are associated most obvious!y with the moon-dominated ocean tides and with changes in nighttime illumi- Nation. But all four types of tfhythms include changes in forces such as gravity, barometric pressure, high energy radiation, and Magnetic and electrical fields. Considering the rhythmic daily _ psn en chers think that using aq tape recorder and an amplifier they will be able to bring fishes together into shoals some tyme. This will be a new, accoustic method of fishing to bé developed by the Atlantic Research Institute of Fishery and Fishing. (APN), 2OUTH [Unreadable] RY. Hotel Indonesia Swimming Lool Terrac Abs Saturday Evening, June 19th, Sp.m. The romance of the South Seas awaits you ot Hote! Indonesia's torchlit swimming pool terrace, magically transformed into an exciting setting for a lavish Polynesian feast: SOUTH PACIFIC PARADISE! Enjoy an enchanted evening under the stars, serenaded by the gentle melodies of the Pacific Isles and the alluring rhythms of East Indonesia. A GALA PACKED WITH MEMORABLE PLEASURES: Sy Sit on straw mots and join an authentic Polynesian luou «=> OF somple the rich offerings from Hotel Indonesia.s famous buffet tables. A full and-varied program of South Seas and East Indonesian entertain ment, specially produced for SOUTH PACIFIC PARADISE! S¥ Two outstanding orchestras for your all-night dancina oleasure A GALA WITH A DIFFERENCE: si Come @3 you are, come as you like... in your wildest and most colorful Botik or Aloha shirts... unwind yourself in your favorite ’relax-ond- live-it- up” dresses... no coats, no ties, no inhibitions. Grass skirts optional. 57 Attractive and unusual souvenirs... free! For every lady guest, o beautiful necklace, specially imported from Tohiti... gift leis for everyone SSIS ISI CANARY For RESERVATIONS please contact the Bonquet Manager's Office, Hotel Indonesia, 2nd Floor. Reservations only upon purchase of tickets. Ticket price includes dinner, a specially prepared Aloha Drink, souvenirs, tax and service EARLY BOOKINGS R8BCOMMENDED! it is not surprising that living crea tures display daily patterns in thein activities. Cockroaches, earthworms and owls are nocturnal; songbirds and butterflies are diurnal; and still other creatures are crepuscullar, like the crowing cock at daybreak and the serenading frogs ona springtime evening. Many plants show daily sleep movements of their leaves and flowers. Man hintself exhibits daily rhytaius in degrees of wakefulness, body témperature and blood-sugar ievel. We take for granted the anaual rhythms of growth and reproduc tion of animals and plants, and we now know that the mizration periods of birds and the flowering periods of plants are determined by the seasonal changes in lengths of day and night. In a similar fashien czctures living on the seashere cxhibit a thythmic behavior corespending to the lunar day. Oysters and clams epen their shelis fer feec'ng only after the rising tide sas covered thent. Fiddier. crabs and shore birds scour the beach fer food exposed at ebb tide and retreat to rest at high tide. The reef heron though living many miles inland, appears to know when low tide will occur and leaves home each day just at the proper time to take sdvantage of it.; Synodical monthly breeding rhythms geared to particular portions of the year, phases of the moon, and times of solar cay, are common among animats inhabiting the sea. These rhythms assures that the eggs and sperm of a given spe cies will be available at the same Place at the same time. Each specles has its own characteristic breeding time which is ofien so pre elsely scheduled that we can accu- Tately predict its occurzence. If, for example, we should go to the water’s edge in Bermuda about an hour after sunset during 3 threeor four-day period of a summertime full moon we would witness within a few minutes the mating display of the Atlantic ‘fireworm’. At that time the females swarm to the surface from their burrows ‘n the coral rock and lumiresce brilliantly until joined by the maies. At the same location, just before midnight either three to four days before or two days afer a new moon, the swarming of the males and females of the glassy transpa rent shrimp, Anchistioides, takes place, Palolo worms of the Southwest Pacific swarm in huge numbers on the night§ of the third cuarters of the October and November moons, liberating their reproductive elements into the sea water just as the dawn breaks. The 5reeding behavior of a small Ca’'t.:nia fish, the grunion, is also ex: < tely ‘timed. Just after the mo-.ent of high tide, on nights from Aorl' through June, when the tides are at their monthly highest. these ffsh arrive at the beach in large numbers and ride the waves onto the sand, The fish quickly dig pits into which they discharge their eggs and sperm. “Thus the new generation fs able te develop aver the petiod of 2 month without being rrematurely washed out by the surf of the ordinary high tides. Reproductive rhythms also occur im certain seaweeds. Dictyota, a brown alga, produces eggs and sperm ona monthly schedule. All the plants in one area may be syn chronized to one phase of the moon, while these in another area will-be regulated to another phase. The particular phasse appears to be determined in some manner by the local tides. - Lunar reproductive rbythms are not restricted to sea dewel’ers. The reproductive cycle of the human female, averaging exactly the syno | dieal month, indicates that here, too, exist both solar and lunar rhythms. Though it might appear that such rhythms are merely the responses of organisms to rhythmic changes in light, temperature or the ocean tides, this is far from heing the) whole answer. For when living things, ranging from the singlecelled. Paramecium to flowering plants and mammals, are removed from their natural habitat and pla ced under conditions where no variations occur in any of the forces to which they-are generally conced ed to be sensitive, they commonly continue to dispulay the same rhythms they displayed in their na tural environment. The fiddler crab, for example normally darkens by day and pales by night, runs activie low tide and rests at high tide ‘ When removed from the beach to jahoratory isolation from light, tem perature ana tidal changes. the crab corttinues to behave in syachrony with his fellows still free on the beach. (to be continued), DELIVERED AS A PUBLIC Eventually there came the fourth phase, that is, the phase in which men lived not only by cultivating plants, alse by what is called handicrafts, industry — not yet large industry, but cottage industries, industries in people's houses, And in such circumstances, men’s thoughts too were also different, their object ef worship was also different. In the third phase ft had been the anthropomorph, plainly it was said a most beautiful goddess! Her portrait could even be told: her hair spread around ber like the stalks of the water-lily. Her portrait could be clearly seen this is the anthropomorph, Her skin gleamed soft, her lips were red as berries, her neck rose straight and plump like the xjpe majze, her face was panther soft and slow. The vision of her fs clear and plain. But in the fourth phase, this picture of the anthropomorgh gradually vanished. Gradually the God she represented became a spiritual God, supernatural in the sense of being invisible not able to be smelt, not able to be apprehended by the five senses. Not to be seen, not to be heard, not te be tasted, not to be grasped, not to be smelt. Gone is the charac ter Of the anthropomorph, and the {magine of worship became supernaturah The character of the anthropomorph vanished principally because man’s way of life in this phase was dependen; upon his ideas, the sharpness of his brain, his ideas, ideas for tools, equipment, instruments. How to make equipmen; to manufacture cloth as quickly as possible? There must be a machine for spinning cotton. When the cotton is spun into thread there must be a machine for spinning cotton. When the. cotton is spun {nto thread there mus; be machines for weaving; tools for making carts, tools for boring holes in wood, namely the wrill, This tool, that tool, Tools, tools, think, think. It was men’s ideas and thought which occupied the first place in his life, So his God also became supernatural. If you. should ask, what is your God like, is he visible? No. Can you smell him? No. Can you touch him? No. Can you see him? No. And you hear him? No, Where is your God? He is invisible. Thus God becomes supernatural, just as the thoughts of men are supernatural, Some time ago Saudara Roeslan Abdulgani in one of his papers stated that there were people who said tha; mankind svas phosphorus. This is something which Feuerbach said. He stated: "Without phosphorus, there would PPN Karet’s Production Target Higher this Year Bandung, June 11 (Ant,) Production target of all of PPN Karet (state-owned rubber plantation corporations) corporations will be set higher this year, lk was decided by a working conference of the PPN Karet in Bandung. The export target had also been increased, i; was learnt. Estimates were that the corporations will have an output this year of at least 102,643 tons against last year’s pro duction of 101,604 tons, The export target for 1965 1s set at 78,600 tons, eStimated to bring jm US$ 37 million in foreign exchange. Amsterdam Rubber Prices AMSTERDAM, June I1 (Antara Special). — Here follows’ today's Amsterdam rubber quotaticns: Shipments JUNE-JULY — European basis ports all in guilders per kilogram, This year, Ir. T. Sukarno, director of the General Managing Board of PPN Karet disclosed 13.000 hec tares of the plantations would be rejuvenized, Total acreage managed by PPN Karet is 200,000 hectares, He said that Cloon R-1124 seeds will be used in rejuvenated plantations. On production in 1964, it was learnt that the 16 units of PPN Karet, produced 16.6 per cent more than in the previous year, Sixty Per cent of this rubber had been used for fulfilling government to government contracts. While the remainder had been exported to the JUNE 11 JUNE 10 R.S.S No, 1 1.96 1.97 No. 2 1,95 1.96 No. 3 1.85 1.87 No. 4 (Main ports) 1.67 1.68 No. 4 (Outsideports) — a No. 5 (Main ports) 1.47 1.49 No. 5 (Outside ports) — _— CREPE No. I 2.12 2.12 BROWN No. -X 1.52 1:52 No. Ii-X 1.42 1.42 No. Hil-X 1.32 1.32 BLANKET ™c” 1,21 1.21 REMILLS No. 2 —_ — No. 3 os _ FLAT BARK (Main ports 0.83 0.83 TONE: ANTWERP RUBBER PRICES: ANTWERP, June 11 (Antara, — Today’s Indonesian rubber quotations here were as follows: RUBBER: International RSS ] International RSS 2 International RSS 3 International. RSS 4 in pence per Ib LATEX; 60% centrifuged QUIET, QUIET. JUNE il JUNE 10 21 20-5/8 Unaveilabie 20-1/8 20-1|2 (in shd per gallon) 12-1 United States, Europe and Japan. The PPN Kare; last year eared US$ 31,9 million in foreign exchamge, or 17 per cent more than in 1963, an increase of 15 per cent in volume of exports. Technical Team for Export To Be Established Djakarta, June 11 (Ant,) The Assistant to the Minister for External Trade in decree effective from May 23, 1965, determined that technical teams should be establish ed in Djakarta and other regions of Indonesia. _ The decree determined that Teams for the Implementation and Supervision of the Implementation of Price Policy and Realization of Exports must be set up at every First Level District Capital i.e. in Djakarta a central Technical Expoti Team (Called Technica! Team) and in the regions: Regional Technical Export Team (Regional Team). Member of the Central Team consist of representatives of the Direktorat Ekspor (Export Directo rate), Direktorat Bea Tjukai (Customs Directorate), Biro Lalu Lintas Devisa (Foreign Exchange Traffic Bureau), Bipalindo (Indonesian Ship ping Bureau), Bank Indonesia, Kesop III (Third Operation Unit) of KOTOE (Supreme Economic Opera tion Command), Port Authority of Djakarta Raya and the GPEIS (Pro visional Indonesian Exporters Asso ciation). The team is headed by the head of the Marketing/Research Directorate. Regional Teams are eomposed of heads of branches of the Export Directorate, Customs, Foreign Exchange Traffic Bureau Bipalindo Foreign Exchange Bank appointed by the Bank Indonesia, Port Autho ity of the First Level District, and the GP)IS. These@Regional Teams are headed by the head of the Foreign Trade Affairs representative at the First Level District and the Governor of the District as advisor of the team, The Central Team has the task of supervising decisions taken by Regional Teams; making decisions on problems submitted. by the Regional Teams, and coordinating regulations on delegation of authority from every central agency to their branch offices. The Regional Teams have the tasks of doing routine work determined by central agencies which » authority. LECTURE IN JOGJAKARTA, 45 be no men, there would be no men, there would be no thought; phosphorus there would _be ho thought”. This was because he held life, spiritual life, concept of God became supernatural, abstract, it was no longer realistic. This is how things were in the fourth phase, Further advances were achieved ' fn the fourth phase according to the law of evolution so i, became the fifth phase, that is, the phase we call the present phase of industrialism. Handicrafts in the home making tools grew and developed with the perfection of technology, so that there came about wha; _is called industrialism, in the recent period of which industrialism has been controlled by capitalism. Industrialism which makes tools and the necessities of men’s lives by the locomotive; industrialism which machine; industrialsm which knows the aeroplane, industrialism which knows the steamship; industrialism which knows the electric motor; industrialism which knows the radio; industrialism which knows weapons of war beyond maan’s control; industrialism which can be said to have become the means-of life of mankind altogether. In such a phase as this, that which was earlier called God, becomes abstract. In the fourth phase, men might still ask: Is there God? There is, What is he like? I don’t know; I cannot tell his form; he cannot be smelt; he cannot be tasted. He is outside the senses, but He is, This is the fourth phase. The fifth phase. Because man already lives in the sphere of industrialism which he controls to make everything — to make anything at - all which he himself cannot, even to make a machine to send his voice from here to America, he can do that — in such a world as that, In which he feels himself in power, fn control of everyting, the ego — “ego” has the same etymology as the Indonesian word “aku” — is in power, the ego rules the roost I have the power to send voices through the air. I have the power to make bright light. I have the power to make lightning. Some time ago, I told how Nicolai Tesla could make lightning, with two electrical poles which he filled with trillions o fvolts and then released he power Between those two poles there flashed forth abolt of lightning. He said: "I can make lightning!” ~ Someone asks: Where is your God? — Hey, there is no God; there’s no God here! God }s__ the ego: I can send a voice throught are supplemented by the required In addition these regional teams must discuss and decide on difficulties arising in the technical field of export; they must outline a po- Rcy for the technical execution of exports in accordance with prevailing conditions submit basic problems to the Central Team, and to report to their respective Centra) Teams on decisions taken in their fields. Decisions of Regional and Cenwal Teams can not be changed by any agency. The decree further instructed the head of the Marketing and Research Directorate to set up these teams immediately, It was issued on the considerattons that, in the framework of stimulating expor; trade, government agencies involved in execution and supervision of exports in the First Level Districts should have the suthority to determine a_ technical policy in accordance with local con ditions, and that coordination of work of the Export Directorate, Customs Directorate, BLLD, and their branch offices in the regions. 14 SHIPS CALL AT HONGKONG FROM INDONESIA. Hongkong, June 10 (Antara). During May 14 ships have called at Hongkong harbour from Indone sia. They were the Maui Pomare, Panamanian, with a cargo of 238 tons, the Jinsan, Panamanian, with 470 tons, the Katarina, Norwegian, in ballast, the Estelle Maersk, Denish, in ballast, the Lombok, Pana mian with 812 cows and 516 ton general cargo, the Eastern, Panama nian, 2426 ton general cargo, the Siaoe, Dutch, with a cargo in transit of 1,054 tons, the Sinabang, Dutch, with 816 ton, the Keerkring. Dutch with 884 tons of cargo, the Waibalang Dutch with £04 cows on board, the Sledre Timur, Nor. wegian, with 861 tons of parafine, the Slinda, Norwegian, the Else Maersk, Denish, and the Schouten Dutch with unknown cargo. of all thought." efforts to achieve self-reiiance for Indonesia’s air commu PAGE If, FEBRUARY 21ST, 1959, the air, I can make lightning, I can make light rays, I can make every thing needed, LI. Ef It is here that there rises what people call atheignt, which like Feuerbach says: “Ah, nonsense this religion. Nonsensd this God Phosphorous ig tha essenag Pres, Helou «sss 7’ (Continued from page | | cé to be held in Algiers ati tlie end of this month, The talks also touctied common interests to ensutt the success of the Conference. All aspects of possible impe rialist and colonialist efforts which might put obstacles in the way of the host country, | Algeria, aimed at frustrating the Afro-Asian peoples wis**s to make @ success of the confe retice were also considered The Algerian representationi in West Germany was also mentioned during the occasion, including all maters involved: As earlier reported, Indo: nesia is now representing Algeria in West Germany after the break of diplomatic rela‘i ons by Algeria following the establishment of West German diplomatic ties with Israel, »Conference city’ nearing completion Quoting its correspondent in Algiers, Muhamed Dzabic, Tanjug in the meantime reported that the Algerian government had informed the prepara tory committee of the second Afro-Asian Conference there that the,,Conference City”, be ing built on Mediterranean be aches some 20 kilometres west from the Algerian capjtal toge ther with an impressively look ing conference palace, would be completed by June 29. The preparatory committee was composed of 15 ambassa dors of Asian and African %0untries. The second Afro-Asian Con ference was due to open on June 29 while a ministerial me eting would be held on June 24. prior to its. Political preparations for the conference were wel] underway, the correspondent added. President Ben Bella had seut personal messages to a number of heads of state, inviting them to attend the conference, COMMODORE SOEGORO TO EUROPE Djakarta, June 11 (Antara). Assistant Minister for Afr Communication Air Commodo. re (pilot) Soegoro Sastrodimedjo vesterday left here for visits to several Euhopean countries, The visits will be very useful nication operations, Meanwhile, at the invitation of the Frechn governement, assistant minister Soegoro will survey an exposition of French — made aircraft for 1965. Minister Soegoro wii] also visit Switzerland to observe from close quarters the operatt ons for the manufacturing of Pilatus Porter planes, He is aiso to observe the progress made in Pilatus Porter planes ordcred by the Indonesian government. Assembling operations of these craft will be conductea by the PN Tjandradimuka. Fi latus craft will be employed by PN Merpati-Nusantara airline company for regional lines. In Czechoslovakia Commodo re Soegoro will observe Trenner Master and Moraya plan¢s, also ordered by the government of Indonesia for flight training of students of the Indonesian Aviation Academy at Tjurug — Tangerang. The Czech planes will aiso be assembled by PN Tjandradimuka, Part of the Trenner Mas ter and Moraya craft. spareparts have arrived at Tandjung Prink harbour, The assistant minister for air communication will alse visit other European countries. ON TOBACCO EXPORIS Djakarta, June 11 (Antara) The External Trade Affairs of the Compartment of Foreign Af: fajr|External Economic Relatjons and Foreign Trade announced today that it was considering and pre paring a general system for tobacco exports. The announcement said that in anticipation of the new regulations, tobacco exports to Bremen can be done as formerly, and exporters can still ship their tobacco to their customers This decision bad been taken to prevent stagnation in tobacco exports. s === [PDF page 68] === r “ga MONDAY, JUNE, 14, 1965. ‘NEW EXCITEMENT AT THE NIRWANA: | THE TiONGCO BROTHERS Another brilliant cabaret ensemble from Manila! A teirific team of all-round nightclub artists — presenting 4 scintillating program of music, songs and comedy. 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THE FAMOUS ITALIAN TRUCK #& STURDY + SPACIOUS + 3.5 TONS CAPACITY tt VERY SUITABLE FOR’ YOUR TRANSPOBSAYTi ON PURPOSES + very robust chassis frame & high-efficiency Fingertip steering F ow consumption per net lon carried : fey high power/weight ratio of vehlélé resulting In brilliahe perlormance 99h pr. (SAL) .synchromesh gearbox § A/gAl ‘eflictent specially designed service braking system, Aychuantamiate: engine gerind and emergency anil. brake APSRTER, [INDONESIAN SERVICE COMPANY mye LODAN DUJUAKARTA-KOTA as PISTRIGUTOR INDONESIAN SALES ORGANISATION LTD FHONE: 71633. 71634 - POST BOX 335 23236) 23237 Djl, Djendral Sudirman ~ Kebajoran cna AY ce ag PAGE I V- ¢ BANK NEGARA FYRBONESIA (Didirikan 5 Djuli 1946. Bank Berdjoang / Abdi Masjarakat | Abdi Nasabah) Dalam rangka usaha B.N.I. _ mengantarkan djasa2 fank seluas-luasnja ketengah-tengah maSjarakat demi kepentingan Nation Building dengan membuka Tjav r sebanjak-banjaknja dan tersebar diseluruh Tanah Air, a@ di Madjenang, dja Gedung Kawedanaan Djl. Raya, tanggal 22 April 1965 (Kantor ke-109) b di Pematang Siantar, Djl. Merdeka No, 87, tangga! 24 April 1965 (Kantor ke-110) ® di Padang, Universitas Andalas, Djl: Imam Bondjo! No. 156, tanggal 26 Mei 1965 (Kantor ke-111)} d. di’ Djakarta, Tjikini, Djl. 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ANG G y Phone: Open # 3 | 2. 4 os, 40020 and 4102? 9am, — 8 p.int.: wee Beek, Extension 278 Close Sunday and Holidays OCONU an HOTEL INDONESIA es > KO poet |IWM ane (km 78 Qe 7 S S of oon akart TOURINDO iy Ajakarta office: 4 TOURINDO. )702 A WATCH WHICH KEEPS — BY THE TIME fe ht ors 5 eas 7. orn A SSoa) ete Spe THE MOST ACCURATE THE MOST UP-TO-DATE | === [PDF page 69] === 10 f6F Dated jot Received (Outward Action) ec. forp fos] 4/7 (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action ontuhaned) | (Main Indexed) [Unreadable] (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) CONFIDENTIAS SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA: SUBJECT: 2 5 2 ee 3 cel hes "Nahiakions deerme fot Myers. Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: 1M 1225/2 Dit 1016/41 MINUTES === [PDF page 70] === BRITISH EMBASSY, DJAKARTA. 1011/65 ——__—— 30 June, 1965 dower bere! | DH 013 [ia; Deor Devel The chief event here of the past week was the departure of President Sukarno and his "Nasakom" team for Algiers via Pakistan and Cairo. Nasakom is represented by Rusman Abdul Gani (Nas), Sjafuddin Zuchri (A) and Aidit (Kom). 26 The approved Chinese party line following events in Algiers is being religiously followed here, i.e. the imperialist plot to sabotage the Conference has been foiled, the postponement is an advantage because it will ensure greater unity and so on and so on. A glimpse of things to come if the Conference finally meets in November can perhaps be seen in the arrival in Algiers on 25 June of the Prime Minister of the North Kalimantan Unitary State, Azahari, at the head of a six-man delegation which included A. Zaidi. The delegation's arrival was described in Antara as a “surprise” to all international observers in Algiers. The Antara report added that "a number of Malayan fighters for independence had also arrived in Algiers." 1225/2 M1165 36 The Airforce and Navy appear to have joined the Nasakom and Fifth Force bandwaggon. In our telegram l we reported the Air Force Commander-in-Chief, Omar Dani, saying that there was no harm in having Nasakom officers in the Air Force or in giving arms to the people. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral Martadinata, for his part has made the Nasakom rounds with visits to Ali Sastroamidjojo (Nationalist Party), Idham Chalid (Nahdlatul Ulama) and Aidit. In these visits he is reported to have given the Navy's view of the Nasakomisation of the armed forces and the Fifth Force proposal saying that Nasakom in the Navy has been represented in the naval commanders and reflected in the activities of the naval combat troops. On the Fifth Force, Martadinata said that its presence in the revolution is positive and the Navy regards it as a place for training strategic reserves where ordinary citizens are to be armed for national defence. The army remains much more cautious in its attitude to the Fifth Force, and although it accgats the “spirit of Nasakom" in the armed forces it does not accépt the idea in the sense of inserting representatives of political parties as political commissars - General Yani in our telegram No. 1352. The General has also gone on record as saying that although the Army does not regard itself as "the most revolutionary", it does not like to be called reactionary. The police have been keeping quiet. Only the Regional Police Commander of Kalimantan, Brigadier- General Soekahar, has hinted at the police attitude in saying that members of the police force-Should integrate themselves with all members of the armed forces and with the progressive revolutionary peoples “as the main potential". derors/% / The murder D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, FOREIGN OFFICE, === [PDF page 71] === CONFIDENTIAL 4. The murder of army Second Lieutenant Sudjono in Sumatra last May, known as the Bandar Betsy Affair, continues to cause a stir. At a meeting of the Supreme Command for the Re-tooling of Political Apparatus (KOTRAR) on 24) June, Air Vice-Marshal Wirjadinata, presiding at the meeting, referred to the affair as having “greatly harmed the life of the nation's social economy". According to Antara, 36 peasants arrested in connection With the affair have been given prison sentences ranging from five to fifteen years. They belonged to the North Sumatra chapter of the Communist front organisation the Indonesian Peasant's Association (BTI) and one of them, named Sarpan, who was a local chairman and ringleader of the murderous mob was sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment. The court's decision has raised a predictable howl in the Communist-influenced newspapers with demands for the re-investigation of the affair, and so on. Such organisations as the Indonesian Party ar and the Communist Front Indonesian Women's Movemeagt (GERWANI have protested. On the other hand, army newspapers have, of course, registered approval. The army in fact is still showing a great interest. Sudjono has been officially styled ‘Pahlawan (hero), Scholarships have been promised to his numerous children, & General Yani has personally visited the family in Medan where on 24 June he presented the widow with a cheque for a million rupiahs obtained in an army-sponsored fund raising campaign. The significant point of interest will be to see whether the court sentences are interfered with or not.,Rather ominously, one of the BTI ringleaders, a 22 year-ol ed Wagimin, was reported in Communist papers to have died in gaol. Although no official references have been forthcoming, Wagimin's demise was presumably intended to equal the score. 5s Attempts to make capital out of alleged enemy shelling of Indonesian territory, Which we reported last week, have rather misfired as the suspicion grew that if there was an incident at all it was probably the Indonesian Navy ineptly confronting itself and Indonesian shore batteries in the dark. However, the Communist-sympathising newspaper, “Suluh Indonesia", reported on 25 June that the coast of Bangkalis Island (which the paper describes as lying in the mouth of Kuala Lumpur) recently experienced shelling by the Necolim situated in British Malaysia. Chairul Saleh is quoted as the source of this tidbit. The paper goes on to elaborate by saying that an Indonesian motor boat on patrol was chased by a British warship as it returned to base and the warship shelled the coast of Bangkalis. When it unexpectedly met stiff opposition (presumably from shore paceeeiea) "the British warship disappeared". The same paper admits that the Army Commander-in-Chief, General Yani, in reply to questions said that reports of an exchange of shots off the Karimun Djawa Islands were not true. Pressing determinedly on, however, the paper quotes an announcement by the Pepelrada (Regional Authority for the Implementation of Dwikora) of Pekanbaru in the Rio Islands, Brigadier General H. Kaharuddin Nasution, that the enemy is now not only active in sending agents into Indonesian / territory CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 72] === CONFIDENTIAL territory but has also begun to shell the Indonesian coast, inflicting casualties. Allegations of this kind, even though they are not pursued for the moment, are always likely to be raked up When convenient. &; There has been a certain amount of coming and going during the week. Four Argentine journalists, including 0.J. Maria Ruis, editor of “Chronica"™ and J.C. Nova, editor of “La Razone", who have been paying a ten-day visit to Indonesia on Government invitation have been reportedly much impressed. Coming so soon after the visit of a delegation from Peru it seems likely that the Indonesians are wooing South Anerican opinion in advance of Conefo. On the Indonesian side the Minister for Maritime Affairs, Ali Sadikin, announced on 25 June that he would visit People's China about the third week of July to inspect various marine and fishery projects and sign a protocol on shipping and shipping technique. The Minister of Basic Education, Mrs. A.M. Sudirdjo (a very nice and intelligent woman who used to be employed as a translator in the Information Section of this Embassy!) left for Dar-es-Salaam on 28 June at the head of a cultural mission invited by the Government of Tanzania, which is the first of its kind to visit Africa. The Indonesians are certainly trying hard with Africa - as you know Mme. Supeni of the Indonesian Department of Foreign Affairs has been at work there for some time - and Subandrio is said to be going on a round of visits to West and Central African countries when he has finished in Algiers. Finally, the boss man Sukarno himself seems to have a most complicated itinerary ahead of him, rather disingenuously described in Antara as “visiting several Afro-Asian countries" before he returns home. My information, which comes from a reliable, though gossipy, Palace source is that after Cairo Sukarno will visit Rome and Paris and then Vienna, where he will stay for some time while the women of his entourage are let loose elsewhere, including possibly another visit by the charming Ibu Devi to England after spending some time in Amsterdam as a guest of Ascher, the diamond merchant, who has recently been here in connection with the exploitation of diamond fields in Kalimantan. After Vienna Sukarno is to spend a week in Teheran following an invitation extended to him by the Shah's sister, Princess Asraf, when she visited Djakarta for the Dasawarsa Bandung Tenth Anniversary celebrations, then a few days in Tokyo, returning to Indonesia on August 10. Te I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and Takes Yor * eee M\ oc Le ee === [PDF page 73] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) D CONFIDENTIAL SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT SUBJECT: bial lathe HOfbs rT Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Pa: 7 fo PY pers Received /3 jos (Outward Action) MINUTES A shee ot 4; ie gts (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) completed) | (Main Indexed) es 7, Pt === [PDF page 74] === >: dulir & Pid 2) Ga S Mp (410/65) aN Co Eubassy, Djakarta. CONFIDENTIAL 7 duly, 1965. RECEIV D IN ARCH) Shit 1 3JUL 1965 So Sine 2 Dewy Derk Nothing much this week. The Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNT) celebrated its 38th anniversary - the party was founded on July 4, 1927. There were some well-rdered parades but nothing very noticeable. Rather pathetically the General Chairman in North Sumatra admitted in Antara that the grand commemoration of the anniversary was not intended to match the recent "grand celebrations" of the 45th annivesary of the PKI. The Communist supporting newspaper, Bintang Timor, reflecting the accord which exists between the PNI and PKI in Djakarta duly came out with a complimentary editorial. That things are quite otherwise in other parts of Java was shown clearly enough by an article in the PNI newspaper, Suluh Indonesia, on 3 July, which aimed at clarifying certain events of early June. The PNI is combined with the Marhaenist Front and the Marhaenist Youth Movement. On June 6 these mass organisations with the Indonesian Students Movement (GMNI), and the Indonesian National Artists Movement (GNSI) in Jogjakarta organised a long march from Klaten to Jogjakarta to celebrate the 18th anniversary of the Marhaenist Youth Movement and the 44 anniversary of the GNI. On the way, at a place called Kalasan, an incident occurred between the marchers and the members of two army battalions No. 4d. and 451, which began with an exchange of words and ended as a fight which caused injuries to two members of the Army. 4% Battalion in Jogjakarta retaliated later by attacking and injuring several youths whom they identified with the Marhaenist Youth Front. The thing was patched up between the politicians and the local army commander and described as “incidents between naughty boys". But it was not allowed to rest there because other people got their sticky fingers in on the act (not named, but the PKI is inferred) by writing provocative slogans in public lavatories and elsewhere, ostensibly inspired by the Marhaenist Youth. Such remarks included “the Marhaenist youths are not afraid to face ABRI (Indonesian Armed Forces)." This caused a fight in Solo leading to hospital injuries. "Marhaenist Youth Movement ready to crush the army"; "Marhaenist Youth hunted by the military"; "Marhaenist Youth received 5,000 rupiahs and two uniforms from CIA-USA.", in various places all added fuel to the flames. One fight between (impliedly) a Communist youth group and a Marhaenist youth group actually resulted in the death of a Marhaenist youth. Things seem to have settled down again and editorials from each of the two army newspapers written in connection with the PNI 30th anniversary calling for reunification the putting aside of excesses and praising the PI's lofty ideals, suggest that the army has seen through the attempt to stir up bad blood between it and the PNI. - Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.We1. CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 75] === CONFIDENTIAL %, The PKI have their troubles too, it seems. The First Secretary of the North Sumatra Chapter speaking to a meeting to mark the 15th anniversary of the Communist Indonesian Women's Movement (GERWANT ) said the party was opposed to the use of the term “Nasakomise" as long as it is "intended to castrate, blur and obliterate the principle of Nasakom itslef. The people would feel badly deceived if so-called true Nasakomists were really against Communism and do not in reality approve of Nasakomisation in all fields". It is nice to think that others are catching up on the Communist technique of double-think and double-speak. The Russians seem to have stuck a blow for their side with the visit of their Ambassador here, Sytenko, to the PKI office to deliver an invitation from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Sytenko was received by Sudisman, a member of the Indonesian Politburo, who many think is the significant figure behind the scenes. The two men discussed the programme for a PKI visit to Russia to be led by Aidit himself. 3 I am copying this letter to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and I.R.D. (uM. Jo Te McCann) CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 76] === —y rs 5 1YOU Received 19 pry | (Outward Action) [Unreadable] YI (wr )a - Med. 277 (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action - completed) | (Main Indexed) 7,| Paaltb ad %, Pela (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT CONF:OENTIAL INDONESIA D, 1013 /14 Spree; the Prolomesiane Nalimoterl ferty of ho 364 Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: De 103148 [58. Dr jos fro? === [PDF page 77] === Jufd Bale British Embassy, (4014/65 Djakarta. 44 July, 1965. Peay wipcek DHio3i4s [53 This week has seen the continued celebrations ast Tulsi Nationalist Party (PYI) of its 38th anniversary. There have been rather poorly attended rallies including a procéssion which started from the Youth Front Office and peeled off-d small delegation to the United States Snbassy (reported in our 4€legram 446), and some modest evening outdoor entertainment. Small flags, posters, and some large signs have been put out in some quantity by the party, but it is clearly a long way from commanding the financial and other resources which the PKI knows. how to tap. 2s Representatives of the nine Indonesian political parties and the Coordinating Secretariat for West Irian Affairs left Djakarta for West Irian to conduct a survey on 9 July, in connection with the recent revocation of political quarantine in the area, which I have already reported. 3 The chairman of the Indonesian Peace Committee, Mrs. Aminah Hidajet (wife of Lt. General Hidajat Martaatmadja, Minister of Land Communications and Tourism) did not attend the International Conference for Peace in Helsinki, but sent a cable to the Chairman of the World Peace Council expressing the hope that the reorganisation of the United Nations would be entrusted to Indonesia. She urged that the first Congress Session should issue a resolution in support of the International Conference on anti-military bases to be held in Indonesia in October. 4. The Indonesian Air Force (AURI) has been roped in to help make a success of the Peasants Grand Conference which begins in Djakarta on 20 July and is master-minded by the PKI. The Air Force has dropped 500,000 leaflets over the city. 56 One of the new state ministers seconded to the Praesidium, Hadji Aminudin Azziz has been referring to the repeal of the Foreign Investment Law which is under discussiorby the Indonesian House of Representatives. He said that so long as there was a law guaranteeing foreign investment, the economy of the country would be dependent on foreign capitalists who had not ohly sucked large profits out of Indonesia but had dominated its economic life. The minister said that the abrogation of the Foreign Investment Law should not be interpreted as meaning that Indonesia would stop all her economic relations with foreign countries which benefited Indonesia, only the investment of foreign capital in the country. Economic policies such as production sharing with foreign countries would go on normally. A new foracci b. be (Arden - PsabSabeneck D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Féreign Office, London S.WW.4. CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 78] === CONFIDENTIAL 6. The Algerian Government has achieved a miracle. For once the Verbose Minister for Public Relations, Roeslan Abdulgani, preferred not to comment, when he was asked by the press about the ousting of Sen Bella. Concerning the new Algerian Government in general Abdulgeni said the importent thing was that Indonesia gave the Algerian revolution moral and material support as it was leftist, i.e. anticolonialist, anti-imperialist, democratic and socialistic. It did not matter whether the leader was Ferhat Abbas, Ben Kedda, Ben Bella or Boumedienne.. Soumedienne was a revolutionary figure and President Sukarno had concluded that he was not a tool of the imperialists, but had undertaken his coup to save the Algerian “evolution "which seemed to be in the process of being deviated". 43 We have reported references by Sukarno and others to threatening activities by "foreign warships". The Inglish-lenguage newspaper "Deli Times" of 4 July carried a fuller report than we have seen anywhere else relating to. the conference of naval commanders held in Djakarta from 17-19 July. At this conference the President said - "Now of late, my brothers, it had been reported to me that sometimes there were boats, warships entering our territorial waters. I have issued the order, if there are again any of their warships entering our territorial waters, fire a warning shot, and if they do not heed this warning, shoot, shoot! This is our duty". The report added that when Task Group 554 of Armada Siega (Alert Fleet) was on war patrol duty in the Sumatra Strait recently, it was shadowed by Australian frigates in Riau waters, and later when leaving belawan the Task Group was shadowed by a British submarine. Although the necolim warships were in international waters they were very provocative. "Especially the British submarine was very saucy". Oe The army newspaper Angkatan Bersendjata of 44. July reported that the police mobile brigade guarding the North Kalimantan border shot down a Malaysian aircraft which attempted to cross into Indonesian territory “with a 12.7 calibre weapon". Wo date is given for this exploit. ed — DHS [103 9. The PKI though its newspaper Harian Rakjat has been quietly sizzling in its editorials for the last two days, because of the composition of the working conference of KOPI and Pepelrada staff, which has been going on since 7 July (reported in my telegram 14467). Pepekrada (original executive commands of Dwikora) include their area Pancha Tunggal, consisting of five components, civil, military, police, justice and National Front. Sach component takes it in turn to provide periodic chairmen. Harian Xakjat complains that there is no information whether the Pepelrada delegations to the Conference were accompanied by their chairmen. It suggests that the authority of ministers who are responsible in their respective departments may have been discussed at the Conference and there should be limitations "between the authority of a minister and that of the Pepelrada because we are now in a civil order situation". I interpret these rather delphic utterances to mean that the government and its armed forces element is making its plans without consulting the civil elements, through which the PKI gets its its oar in. 40; Nationalist, religious and army newspapers of 44 July all carry headlines quoting the Australian Prime Minister's statement that Australia is at war with Indonesia. CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 79] === 41° In my telegram 4 509° I reported a reference by the President to a new military base on an island south of Indonesia. In this connection the attached editorial from the Indonesian Herald of 14 July is of interest. am copying this letter to Singa ngapore, 4uala Lumpur and I.R.D. === [PDF page 80] === THE INDONESIAN HERALD East of Suez President Sukarno has disclosed in his speech commemorating the Prophet's Birthday last Monday, that Britain is building a new military bese on an island south of Indonesia to coplete her chains of bases to encircle Indonesia and if possible to crush the Republic and its Revolution. Notithithstanding the British denial on the revealed plot providing for an Aglo-American attack on Indonesia, the facts around us have proved that the seized documents are substantiated with solid proofs. Britain's unconditional military guarantee to "Jialaysia", and Anglo-American's acceptance of the misleading analogy between the Vietnam and "Malaysia"- Indonesian problems, Wilson's commitment to support U.S. policy in NATO, the.talks between the British and American governments for defence policy co-ordination east of Suez, have made Indonesia become more apprehensive about her national security. President Sukarno as the highest authority and who is having direct access to highly classified security and intelligence reports, has valid reason to warn the nation of the crucial situetion stimulated by the Anglo- American aggressive designs in South-east Aisa. As regard to the island base in the Indonesian (cean itself, it was substantiated by reports from London that it is part. and parcel of Anglo- American "new strategy" for the area stretching from the Persian Gulf to the China Sea, Due to political instability in Southern Arabia and "Malaysia" Britain may forego the expensive Aden and Singapore land bases and concentrate on the island chain joint project with the United States. It was disclosed that the financial side was discussed by the Chancellor of the Exchequr, Mr. Callaghen, with President Johnson and U.S. Defence Minister McNamara in Washington last month. The Americans, who are fully committed in Vietnam and would like to “have friends" around to "police" the countries east of Suez, regard it vital that Britain should maintain all her responsibilities here and are anxious that the financial and economic difficulties should not lead to any withdrawal. It nicely explains why Aussie has committed herself to the U.S. affair in Vietnam. As part of the Commonwealth and a country whose life and welfare depend on the preservation of "Malaysia" as the traditional market of its products, and broader investment of U.S. capital, our neighbour deep south is willing to sacrifice her best sons for Uncle Sam's losing cause in Vietnam. With this "nice" gesture she is seeking for a relaxation of the U.S.» investment clamp and trade restriction between the two ountries. As President Sukarno has often stated, east of Suez lic s the lifeline of imperialism! === [PDF page 81] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) CONFIDENTIA SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESTA D. 1073 fis ( Sakarta ) be Mi Torker No. oules Dated qd Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: 2! feck (Outward Action) Lis le Kaw |: Su LD fl ’, Fo a Wn % (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) (Action completed) | (Main Indexed) Lip === [PDF page 82] === British Enbass Djakarta. CONFIDENTIAL Perhaps the main event this week has been the start of a Grand Peasants Gonference which was opened at the Bung Karno Stadium yesterday (20 July) with a speech from the President himself. The speech was confined mainly to urging the peasants to suffer more and make greater efforts to become self-reliant in food and clothing. Delegates from Japan, China and the Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam attended the ceremony. 2. Considerable publicity has been given to a 4-day visit by twelve members of an American womens organisation "Women Strike for Peace", led by Mirs. Mary Clarke and accompanied by six representatives each from North Vietnam and the Sotth Vietnam National Front for Liberation. The American women called at the United States Embassy and sat in stony silence while a Counsellor tried to explain the reasoning behind U.S. policy in Indonesia. The group was received on 18 July by President Sukarno, whom they found "very genial". The President had the gall to say that he would be the first to step forward and defend the freedom of the United States if it was threatened. They were interviewed on television by an unfortunate Indonesian announcer whose every enquiry concerning the virtues and delights they had found in Indonesia was replied to merely by propaganda points on the wickedness of American activities in Vietnam. The women put out a written joint appeal which referred to the breakup of tens of thousands of’ families in Vietnam, the violation of thé Geneva Agreement of 1954, the heartoreak of eleven years separation of wives and husbands and children in divided Vietnam, and so on. J The Minister of Education and Culture, Mrs. Artati Mazuki Sudirjo, Signed a cultural agreement with Tanzania on behalf of Indonesia in Dar-es-Salaam on 15 July.; Le According to Antara of 46 July the Gotong Royong House of Representatives recently ratified a bill on the formation of a financial investigation body (Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan). ‘The body is in the form of a council which is described as "the highest state institute among the other high state institutes", and in the President's name it will carry out investigation, supervision and Supreme control of management and authority over state funds which are described as “all of the country's wealth in all forms". As part of its dutics the BPE can advise the President on the implementation of project expenditure and the use of foreign credits. It can investigate the State Budget in general and the management of state trading companies, regional administration industries and joint government/private companies. The chairman of the BPK who will act as supreme financial investigator will have the rank of Minister- Coordinator. No chairman has been named so far. D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.W.4. === [PDF page 83] === CONFIDENTIAL Be There seems to have been very little editorial comment on the "Gilchrist letter" in the provinces. Only one paper in Medan contained a reference to the letter. 6. Major General Mokoginta, commanding a Mandala I combined services command in Sumatra, has been making his weight felt. He was so concerned at the falling off in production at a former U.S. rubber estate, amounting to some 140% since the takeover at the beginning of March, because of time lost through politics, and of theft and management faults, that he has threatened if there is no improvement to send the army to take over the running of the estate. The General has also issued warning notices to the editors of two communist-controlled Medan daily newspapers, charging them with publishing material not conducive to the maintenance of public order and confidence and publishing destructive criticism aimed directly at the armed forces and the government. The General seems to have had in mind the papers’ treatment of the army's role in the Sudjono affair (the Army Lieutenant who was beaten to death by a gang of PKI peasants on a rubber estate). Te The Minister for Air Communications, Partono, has been to Banda Atjeh in North Sumatra to see the Blang Bintang Airport, and to Sabang to explore the possibility of opening an airport there. An improved landing strip is being made at Blang Bintang to enable Electras to land. ‘The air link between Blang Bintang and Sabang would be maintained by Otter aircraft. The Pakan Baru Airport in the Riau islands is being extended to allow for the landing of Convairs by the end of 1965. The Djakarta International Airport at Kemajoran has had twenty of its 60=-metre wide runway closed, to enable repairs to be made on this section and an additional 25 metres width to be added. The new 45-metre wide strip is to be ready in time for the Conefo Conference next year. Qantas has stopped flying its Boeing \ 7078' into Djakarta because of what it considers inadequate safety “gargins, and KIM has edjusted its flight schedules to cut out night fidghts in Djakarta. Other airlines seem to be functioning as before. 8. My telegram 1563 mentioned plans to set up a factory here to build Fokker Friendship Aircraft. According to Antara of 20 July the Fokker concern in Amsterdam is negotiating with Partono for the sale of twenty planes for the use of Garuda Indonesian Airways for inter-island traffic. The financing of the deal is said to be a “chi difficulty" as it will involve an amount of at least sixty million guilders which will be outside Dutch Government Export Credit Guarantees of up to one hundred million guilders. ‘The proposed factory in Indonesia is to have a capacity for the production of two planes a month. 9. General Nasution gave a lecture to the Fifth National Congress of Catholic Youth on 47 July, at which he said that "in a very criticial situation" the entire Indonesian people would be armed if necessary. 40. I am copying this letter to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and I.R.D. e S Jeu Combed yng L dr two lang pro verted 4 Chad i 4a oe { hem Hn NY we vackoa ed. oO} wt. | 7 Jour &G Gey (M. J. T. McCann) veo CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 84] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) e SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT R ES TR CT Ea 1965 | noon | Daron. FROM; SUBJECT:: ae Glory Refer of, stale frm bras Mad aha f° D. Fondo aed A gh 20 Encloses Copy of: References and ~~ ry Wey, co R. wie Bh pet. s. >) ng 26(n (Printing Instructions) (Referred to Legal Adviser) completed) baa === [PDF page 85] === Eke Sritish Embassy, Djakarta. 20 August,“4 965. 7 Neale The following are some extracts from a letter I have had from Watkins, who is holding the fort in Medan while Joe Wright is away. (i) There is growing resentment by the left-wing elements in the local community against the Armed Forces. The latter are adopting @ more belligerent attitude. For example, three boys recently shouted out "Ganjang" to some Air Force personnel on a passing truck. The men beat up the boys, all of whom had to be taken to hospital. One, a Chinese, died later on as a result of serious head and chest injuries. An Air Force officer subsequently offered one million rupiahs to the boy's parents. (ii) Despite all the talk about arming the peasants and workers there is little sign of it becoming a reality in North Sumatra. (iii) The secession of Singapore was known to the local staff of the Consulate on Sunday evening 15 August, i.e. long before it was announced (and I might add, before we here knew of it from the telegrams from Kuala Lumpur). Apart from the "official" reactions that this has been a splendid victory for confrontation etc. - the consequences of Singapore's secession in Medan have been to set the merchants looking forward to a resumption of trade and the return of Medan to its former glory. But the general attitude is one of "wait and see". 2. Our Consul in Surabaya reports that there have been two large demonstrations by ANSOR (the Moslem Youth Movement) directed at the Mayor Of Surabaya who, as you know, is communist. There have also been collisions between ANSOR and the PKI. 3. I am copying this letter to Kuala Lumpur and to the Offices of the Political Adviser and the United Kingdom Representative in Singapore. (ws Nw G. Cambridge ) D. Tonkin, Esq.,; South East Asia Department, Foreign Office, London S.WWe1. === [PDF page 86] === 1965 FROM S.J.¢.CAMBAIDGE ts. D TONKIN No. 1013 [65 Dated /3//0 Received 20 / 40 (Outward Action) (Referred to Legal Adviser) conplcted) | (Main Indexed) V" KA petal” (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D RESTRICT bo SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONESIA D: jor /17 SUBJECT: E>rXACIS FeKomM KEPOKTS oF THE SITRATION «(Nh SURA BAYA AWD MEDAN. Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: ku Give” oe 12. ar” Geraloaya (Abr ele ras Muh. === [PDF page 87] === 1013/ 4SCritPr === [PDF page 88] === Tr ’ QQ Liaw : the the Arn is city e one fairly _ eh e€ Wind $0R (Moh Lacan vex wom en t os ne Po ae aan 25 wunist ar 111 421i Chi alii ins abo Qaepe cost | Sure i" ffective outside Surabaya nto and looted, and t exéercised ver Navy ponsib]d source five you now and around to be ef ‘are LES september state conce Tanniz LAVOU aiialr ater CwUuc. rPnSa on the Army almos tic: Tor 29 12 October, 1965) The prior. moar miu assisted fla 44 deat! tow now pusy nvironment 1 find well u ler contro s only) 1 combing very for hidden reported Sime wll .edan ) Major's 11 ALLA dane y norma scime nun nner, achieve in definitely - have . Bappened it here in the downs have nas rae ayone feeling [Unreadable] vaxking aavan=— pened, tarted Oboe aa! ae iately OC BST) ale <riaing Vin§ === [PDF page 89] === first to gain any effin >-news and the rumours, but by the j a much clearer available. ‘rin With the town was quiet - population carrying a definite air of business. n al ther place this trouble but, I was assured by f communists d tl H | anything. The Communists, at their various headgquar town and reassenl assured for any other did however, produce Wi for their o' Ee opportu! ircul on an effectual bustle The only positive action well-known communists and made wblic concensus of opinion is the: 361 Lot yvEeptemde4»ls es U be the strong man, and disclosed tructed his local coi nders IMGENaS LS vO sOUNCIL « ie Air Mokoginta despite the order no a t being persuaded bj = a - wn) <7 pain the Vat surroun early on the lst. === [PDF page 90] === From {°7 fi Eada (yeaxacsa) x ray paea lil Received ic / il (Outward Action) se Fk Moswxolt di 2 ( Cau} Mod: 1 Yo (Referred to Legal Adviser) » “DS.G [Unreadable] (Security Grading—to be Up-graded where Appropriate) SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT INDONE! D y oe get q millers cilkalin 4. Mb Modem Area. Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: === [PDF page 91] === Stuth Bist Asia Dept., Foreign Office. With the compliments of (Ss. J. G. Cambridge) 11 November, 1965 BRITISH EMBASSY DJAKARTA === [PDF page 92] === COPY CONFIDENTIAL MEDAN 9 November, 1965 Dear John, In my last round-up, dated 530 October, I reported the arrival in North Sumatra of the Diponegoro 'L' Battalion. This unit is said to have been heavily compromised in the early days of October in Jogjakarta, and to have been sent here - it is now at Permantangsiantar, and I saw one or two of its members walking the streets of the town as I drove through it yesterday - for disciplinary action to be taken against it. I understand that it was first disarmed, and that it is now undergoing drastic reorganisation.: There are unconfirmed reports that some 60 of its members have taken to the hills. Yours ever, (Signed) Joe (J. B. Wright) Permantangsiantar, which lies between Tebingtinggi and Parapat, on Lake Toba, is usually abbreviated to Siantar, and this is the name more often than not used by us here. I mention this to avoid any confusion. S.J.G. Cambridge, Esq., British Embassy, Djakarta. CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 93] === CONFIDENTIAL EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM H.J.W. WATKINS IN MEDAN TO S.J.G. CAMBRIDGE IN DJAKARTA, DATED 5 NOVEMBER 1965. OPERATIONAL Despite the build-up of Military Forces at KODIMS 0201, 0207, 0209 and 0211, surrounding Lake TOBA and the area of TIGARAS, Communist Forces which were said to have concentrated there, are now supposed to be breaking up into small armed groups and leaving mainly for the West Coast. The Army are alarmed over this, expecially as arms were reported to have been landed from a Chinese ship at BAROAS some weeks ago. Currently, Infantry Brigade 2 under Col. Witarmin, is operating in KODIM 0204, District of Sim Alungun, and Battalion 126 in District Tapanuli, Capital Sibolga, (KOBIM 0209), under Major Muchtar Hasibuan. Units at 0207 and 0211 will be reported later. It now seems fairly definite that the Commanding Officer and the Military District Officer, with Administrative heads, at Sibolga, have been relieved of their posts. The Air Force are stepping up their Coastal Patrols since the armed Chinese ship was reported in Atjeh waters. Plane 1201 has been allocated for this purpose and is to be assisted by a further aircraft from Djakarta. 1624 is maintained on the runway for immediate take-off and is reported to be fully operational. No Chinese ships are being allowed entry into Indonesian Territorial waters. With the breakout of the Communists at Tigaras, and the mounting friction between the main opposing political parties, the Armed Forces Chiefs are seriously considering the declaration of a state of war in Sumatra. This is considered necessary owing to the very unsatisfactory state of security in South Sumatra and the expected spate of terrorism from the communist bands. The declaration may be made this weekend. (Military source). === [PDF page 94] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded D where Appropriate) = m rr pees ye == é CRE1 SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT D H (013/19 FROM tporh » prtdlidl stuatiy ~ Madan cet osgia by « oo Gq. GnsRace (S7M 2074) he / Ge “Ve iol No. 01 e Ss Dated 3 Mvemter Encloses Copy of: References and Relevant Papers: Received If sleveom bef (Outward Action) Sc) Col-b -Mexmselt (Mod Gy (0/2). Ec) Mv. Kesrk-Be so, PUS » E) Me Govawiin, DE-( MOD Mebop b) (Referred to Legal Adviser) Acti complied) | (ain Indexed) === [PDF page 95] === BRITISH EMBASSY, DJAKARTA. 1013/65 ee 3 November 1965 CONFIDENTIAL ee ack, Au oe /19 Enclosed are further reports from|/ two Consulates about the political situation in their areas: (a) A copy of Joe Wright's letter to me. (b>) An extract from a minute by Geoff Windle, who has recently paid a visit to Wakefield in Surabaya. 2.» A copy of this letter with enclosures goes to POLAD Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. ial ses S.J.G. fee D. Tonkin, Esq., South East Asia Department, FOREIGN OFFICE, Soma CONFIDENTIAL === [PDF page 96] === MEDAN. 30 October, 1965 Dear John, The following is my assessment of how things now stand in Medan and district, five days after my return. Zs Officially, the power of the PKI has been broken, Without any Significant moves by the Army except to pull out disaffected or potentially unreliable units (see paragraph 3(S) below) - one hears nothing but PKI members surrendering to the police, turning in their cards, and denouncing the leadership. In Medan itself, groups struggling in from outlying villages to say their mea culpa probably represent the greatest threat to law and order at the moment. They are harassed, beaten up, and if in sufficiently small numbers, killed by the gangs of Pemuda Pantjasila and Muslim youth who infest the streets after dark, and intercept them before they can even get to the police, and seek asylum. The result is that they go into hiding, and themselves come out on the streets to war against their tormentors. One district of Medan, Deli-Tuwa, is admitted by the police to be wholly in the hands of the PKI during the hours of darkness. That they are already striking back is shown by the discovery this week of a limbless trunk in the pool in the forecourt of the Grand Mosque in Medan. It was identified as that of an Achinese, and is a gruesome reminder of the hatred and bitterness aroused by the Muslim “white terror" in Atjeh during the past few weeks. (It could be that the killings are already beginning to follow a tribal pattern, but I have so far no particular evidence of this.) The situation has reached such a pitch that Mokoginta, in a recent speech appealed to would be “defectors” to either stay in their villages or inform the authorities beforehand of their intention to “come over". De The people who are getting this kind of treatment now —- the new cant word for it is “integration” - are the merest rank and file, often no more than bewildered peasants who give the wrong answer on a dark night to bloodthirsty hooligans bent on violence anyway. The major questions are: What has happened to the surviving leaders? Have they been able to make concentrations of their remaining followers, and if so, where? 4. Some of the leaders are undoubtedly still in Medan; police officials may be conniving at their continuing activity. It has peen suggested in some quarters, as the Embassy will be aware, that a major group is to be found in Langkat, the administrative district north of Deli, the district of which Medan is the headquarters. At first sight, it would be plausible to assume that PKI refugees from Atjeh ("Atjeh is clean", an Indonesian said to me yesterday, withe disgusting exhibition of lip-smacking) would try and go to ground in Langkat over the border between Atjeh and North Sumatra, but I have so far found no particular evidence of this. /The S.J.G. Cambridge, Esq., === [PDF page 97] === The “Action Commands", which the non-communist parties have established throughout the area to speed the process of “integration" have indeed been more active in Bindjai, the administrative headquarters of Langkat, and Langkat generally, than almost anywhere else. There are, however, three other areas where I believe the PKI may have maintained or recently established some degree of cohesion. (a) the coastal area between Kisaran and Rantauprapat, one of the traditional PKI heartlands in Sumatra. It could be that the PKI organisation there remains virtually intact; certainly the withdrawal from Kisaran of what is thought to be the unreliable lth (Diponegoro) Brigade, the rear party of which left Belawan for Java - according to some reports its destination was Semarang - on 24 October, could be interpreted in that sense. One of the vital factors in the present situation is this denuding of the Kisaran “front", the manning in strength of which is vital to the containment of what remains of the PKI. I have reason to believe that what I have so far identified as "L" Battalion Diponegoro: came into Belawan on 28 October, but I do not know how it has been deployed. (bo) An unidentified group of rubber estates near Permantangsianter, This might well be the Bandar Betsy country of recent fame. (c) If (a) and (b) above are long-established PKI foci; all the information I have suggests that the party is now improvising another base to accommodate the refugees from the Muslim fury, and the lost leaders. This is reliably reported to be at a place called Tigaras in wooden mountainous country on the South-Western bank of Lake Toba. The area, as John Watkins has reported, has peen sealed off by the Army. It is my impression that the Army while assiduously promulgating the official view that “order reigns in North Sumatra" - it is impossible not to think of the Daumier cartoon - with PKI members giving themselves up like Italians in the Western Desert Campaign, are now becoming profoundly uneasy. According to my American colleague, they were originally extremely dubious about their capacity to hold the PKI if a PRRI/Permesta situation developed. There followed the euphoria of Atjeh, and the overcrowding of the anti-PKI bandwagon. A reaction may now have set in, the initiative may even be shifting. The firebrands in the Army are demanding action. General Kamal Idris, who commands the paratroops here, is said to have asked Mokoginta for a free hand for 24 hours. It was denied him, but the story is indicative of the urgency with which some of the Army leaders view the present Situation. The question facing them is surely: Will Central Javanese, and other less tangible exigencies, so restrict the freedom of action of the Army in North Sumatra as to permit the / entrenchment SECRET === [PDF page 98] === ie en a Aa balen4s msde [Repo M The fect vif SPiihion WN iiss d oe ( SH a yout te Nh exh, === [PDF page 99] === Extract from Mr. H.G. Windle's minute of 27 October 1965. - Col. Wakefield says that the people of Surabaja are tired of demonstrasi and slogans and want food. The Army had been going out into the surrounding districts buying rice with new notes which had arrived by the packing case. Whether this food was for the Army itself or as a reserve to issue later in Surabaja is a matter for conjecture. However, if the people were well fed, the situation would be quiet in Surabaja. If they starved an ugly situation would develop. What was needed at the moment was a shipload of rice. Chinese businessmen were, he said, trying hard to buy rice from Thailand (to prevent their own stores from being looted whether they had anything in them or not). It did appear that the Chinese (and to a certain extent the Indian) community were very apprehensive about the food situation. " === [PDF page 100] === (Security Grading—to be Up-graded ; ) where Appropriate) CONFIDENTIAI SOUTH-EAST ASIA DEPARTMENT BIDONESIA D | 1013 /20 From MyMusta},Diakerta| SUBJECT: Mt. Waglds report on Major Grerad A.T.NOKOGIATA, to__$.£.8.D wher os Lepeskedatene -remewid 5. mow bea Macy Mr.Wrigur Kodow, te Mdstove Geral sf Sudahrd At Muncy DAAC Dated 8 December References and Relevant Papers: Received 13 Dacembe) (Outward Action) Cc) PU-5-D.(Nt.Magwell) lors le C2 L Maxed (>) 4) ac word (ta Goods engl) (Referred to Legal Adviser) completed) | (Main Indexed) , 5 b pale === [PDF page 101] === CONFI DENTTI Al URES ee ee SK wid />, With the compliments of BRITISH EMBASSY DJAKARTA === [PDF page 102] === CONFIDENTIAL. CONFIDENTIAL MEDAN, 22nd November, 1965. Sir, There are rumours in Medan that Major General A. Jd. Mokoginta is shortly to be made Military Governor of Sumatra. If the appointment were to take place, it would only be the logieal consummation of a process of concentrating more and more power in the hands of this one man whieh has been going on steadily during the past five or six months, I have the honour to submit some refleetions on the growth of this power, and the use General Mokoginta has made of it. = 26 Mokoginta came to Sumatra from Djakarta almost exaetly a year ago. His appointment was then DEJAH SUM, ‘ae Wilajah, or Deputy for Sumatra to the Minister/Army Commandervin-Chief, with the rank of "Menteri Pembentu", or "Deputy Minister". In early June this year, when the KOMANDO MANDALA SIAGA (Alert Theatre Command) was formed, he was appointed PANGLATU (PANGLIMA MANDALA SATU.) At about the same time, he became PEPELRADA SUMATERA (Penguasa Pelaksanaan Dwikora Daerah, or Authority for the Exeeution of Dwikora in Sumatra), and was thus invested with reserve powers of praetically unlimited extent. His full official title is therefore: DEJAH/PANGLATU/PEPELRADA/SUMATERA. Be His powers are clearly immense. Since 30th September, he has assumed control of the eivil administration, by appointing Col.Radja Sjahnan, under General Sobiran, the KODAM 11 Commander, as “Military Adviser” to the Aeting Governor of North Sumatra,. Resident Telaumbanua. He has banned throughout Sumatra all youth organisations in sehools that are affiliated to political parties. He is purging ruthlessly the offieers and other ranks under his eommand, and surrounding himself with trusted (and largely non-Javanese) cronies. Mokoginta is himself from Ambon; so is his new Chief of Staff, General Muskita. (“eneral Sobiran is from Pulau Sunda, but his new Chief of Staff, Colonel Lopulisa, is also of Ambonese extraction. ) . It is a matter of history that Mokoginta Gid not hesitate to use his powers in an anti-PXI sense long before 30th September. (It is, incidentally, a faseinating, but probably never entirely to be resolved, question, how far the MANDALA SIAGA Command in Sumatra was what it purported to be, a Confrontation Command» “for the intensification of the execution of DWIKORA", and how far a device by the Indonesian Army to eontain the PKI, in what is, in terms of economic wealth, the most important area of all Indonesia. Whatever the answer, it is eertain that, had the Command not existed on 30th September, there would have been a very different story to tell.) By early August, he haé broken the virtual PKI monoply of the mass media by establishing in Medan an anti-PXI newspaper of Moslem inspiration, anc two Army newspapers; he had reacted James Murray, Esq;. British Embassy, DI AKARTA. FLAP cians === [PDF page 103] === CONFIDENTIAL. 2end November, 1965. in the BANDAR BETSY affair by seeuring stiff sentences for the BTI workers involved; he had sheived, or implemented very siowly, the order to arm one company of “workers” per KODIM; in the famous parade, attended by the late Gen.Jani on Bukit Barisan day in July, he had indieated, by blazingly obvious symbolism, where the Army's sympathies lay; he had taken precautionary measures against the possibility of disturbanees on the estates; he had given Army baeking to a youth group to counter the dominant Pemuda Rakjat - the. Pemuda Pantjasila; he had brought in colleagues on whom he could rely. During the following two months, he eontented himself with keeping the initiative he had won, and with what amounted to daring the PKI to make the next move. 5. It is indeed difficult to see how Mokoginta, given the political climate of the time, including the total identification of the KOM of NASAKOM with the PKI, eould have gone ther than he aetually did in his attempts to neutralise the PKI in Sumatra before 30th September. He stood out vividiy from the ruck of Senior Officers of the Indonesian Army by being anti=-PKI in deed (while preserving all the then eurrent formulae in his isenthaa at a time when the vast majority of his colleagues were either time-serving or fence-sitting. During his first six months here, he was clearly feeling his way, and trying to get the powers (and the outside troops) to do the job. The turning point was his appointment as PANGLATU and PEPELRADA SUMATERA in May/June. Thereafter, until 30th September broke the confines within whieh he had, of necessity, to operate, he devoted himself, by every means open to him, to rolling baek and containing the PKI in Sumatra. When 30th September eame, the PKI were not the rampant force they had been in May; Mokoginta's few single-minded months of erosion and harassment had put them on the defensive. In the first few days of Vetober, it was probably this faetor, as much as any, which decided the immediate fate of Sumatra. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant, (J, B. Wright.) Her Majesty's Consul. James Murray, Esq,. British Embassy, DJAKARTA. CONFIDENTIAL.