De Nieuwsgier, 27 May 1953: at Affandi Ridhwan's trial in Bandung for cooperation with Darul Islam, he argues he acted with central government approval, asking why he should be punished if Leimena contacted RMS bands and 'Mrs Salawati Daoed' negotiated with Kahar Muzakkar's bands. Salawati Daud appears only as a preced
Het Nieuwsblad voor Sumatra (2 Jun 1953, p.2): trial of Affandi Ridwan in Bandung; in his plea he asks why he should be punished for negotiating with Kahar Muzakar's bands with central government approval, if Leimena contacted RMS bands and Mrs Salawati Daoed negotiated with Kahar Muzakar. Defenders Kasman Singodimedjo
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 3 Jun 1953, p. 3: in his Bandung trial for cooperation with Darul Islam, Affandi Ridhwan argues he acted with government approval, citing Leimena's contacts with RMS gangs and Mrs Salawati Daud's negotiations with Kahar Muzakkar's gangs; counsel Kasman Singodimedjo asks for acquittal.
Leeuwarder Courant, 1 December 1965, p. 11: relays armed-forces newspaper reports of SOBSI chief Njono's interrogation statements: planning began in July, Aidit's claim that Sukarno was gravely ill was decisive, and Njono was to raise a 2,000-man reserve from PKI, Pemuda Rakjat, Sobsi, BTI and Gerwani members, learning
Townsville Daily Bulletin, 20 Dec 1965, p. 1 (AAP-Reuter): speaking to a gathering of the Indonesian Women's Association, Sukarno says those who deviate from the revolution will be shot and that an extraordinary military tribunal will try coup participants. Reports arrests of supporters in Central Java, South Borneo (3
Berita Harian, 13 Feb 1966 (lead only). A woman lawyer, Dr Tien Sunito, described as a PKI member, was appointed to defend Lt Col Untung and Njoto, whose trials were due Monday. Not about Gerwani directly, but about women's roles in the 1965 trials.
Új Szó (Hungarian-language daily), 13 Feb 1966: a snippet on the Njono trial says Mrs Sunito was named to defend the accused on behalf of the Indonesian Communist Party (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.
Trouw (14 Feb 1966): on the eve of the Untung and Njono trials in Jakarta, Dutch-born lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers, herself a PKI member, takes on the defence after others refused. Profiles her and her husband as 'non-extreme' communists with Leiden training. No mention of Gerwani; context for the 1965-66 Mahmillub t
ANP report in Algemeen Dagblad (1966-02-15) on Dutch-born lawyer Trees Sunito-Heyligers, the only Indonesian jurist willing to defend PKI/SOBSI leader Njono before the special military tribunal. Her husband Sunito was jailed after the coup and she was dismissed from the state bank. No Gerwani mention; context for the 1
Limburgsch Dagblad, 15 February 1966, p. 1: start of the closed Mahmillub trial of SOBSI leader Njono, who says he was told to inform Sukarno of a 'council of generals' but joined the coup instead. Students demanded a public trial; only selected journalists are admitted. Njono is defended by Dutch-born lawyer Trees Soe
Bács-Kiskun county daily, 15 Feb 1966: a snippet on the Njono trial says the president may use his right of pardon, and mentions Mrs Sunito, whose husband is a leftist (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.
Hungarian regional daily, 15 February 1966: snippet from a report on the Njono trial noting that eleven people sit in the dock (or on the bench) and that Mrs Sunito acts as counsel (Trees Sunito per the log). Only a search snippet and permalink were saved; the sentence is fragmentary and its exact meaning is uncertain.
Hungarian regional daily, 15 February 1966: snippet from a report on the trial of PKI leader Njono, stating he is a member of the party's central committee and that his defence is handled by Mrs Sunito (Trees Sunito per the log). Only a search snippet and permalink were saved; the page text was not retrieved.
Search snippet from the Hungarian daily Somogyi Neplap (15 February 1966, no. 38) on the Mahmillub trial of a PKI Central Committee member (Njono): 'his defence is provided by Mrs Sunito'. Only a fragment; page OCR not retrieved. The link to Trees Soenito Heyligers, earlier WIDF delegate, is per the sweep log.
Swiss regional daily, 15 Feb 1966: the special military court trying PKI leader Njono opened the previous day. Njono's sole defence counsel is Mrs Trees Soenito, 50, daughter of a former Dutch official and wife of a jailed leftist leader, who says she was appointed only on Saturday after other lawyers declined. The tex
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 16 February 1966, p. 14: profile from Utrecht of Trees Soenito-Heyligers, who took on Njono's defence in the Jakarta coup trial. Her parents in Amersfoort say she often took pro deo cases and believes everyone has a right to a defence. No Gerwani content.
Canberra Times, 21 Feb 1966, p. 6 (AAP-Reuter): the military tribunal trying PKI leader Njono is due to give its verdict; prosecution demanded death. His government-appointed woman lawyer, Mrs Trees Sunito, had 32 hours to prepare. Foreign press barred; Chinese agency criticism of the trial noted. Gerwani not named.
Canberra Times, 21 Feb 1966, p. 6 (AAP-Reuter): the military tribunal trying PKI leader Njono is due to give its verdict; prosecution demanded death. His government-appointed woman lawyer, Mrs Trees Sunito, had 32 hours to prepare. Foreign press barred; Chinese agency criticism of the trial noted. Gerwani not named.
Trouw (21 Feb 1966): after the prosecutor demanded the death penalty for SOBSI leader Njono, his lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers argues nothing proves a plot to overthrow the government; Njono gave an hour-long political defence. Lawyer complains of two days' preparation; PKI-linked Colonel Latief reportedly arrested. N
Hungarian regional daily, 22 February 1966: a snippet from a report on the trial of Njono, noting that the case was referred to a special military court and that Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence counsel, filed a petition for clemency. Mrs Sunito is Trees Sunito per the log; only the snippet and permalink were saved, so the
Search snippet from the Hungarian daily Eszak-Magyarorszag (22 February 1966, no. 44) reporting that, in the case of PKI leader Njono, the matter was referred to the special military court and that Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence lawyer, submitted a clemency petition. Only a fragment; page OCR not retrieved. Identifying he
Tolna county daily, 23 Feb 1966: a snippet reports that its correspondent also said Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence counsel, [had filed or sought] clemency (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.
De Volkskrant report (24 Feb 1966) on unrest in Jakarta and the opening of Untung's trial. The prosecutor said his strike force of 5,000 included 2,000 communists, "men and women, of the organisations Gerwani, Pemuda Rakjat and the BTI". No claims of torture or sexual misconduct appear in this item.
Algemeen Dagblad (1966-02-25) on Lt.-Col. Untung's trial before the special military tribunal: he now admits that 'taking away' the six generals meant killing, denies PKI membership and claims he acted against a 'council of generals'. Notes Trees Sunito refused to defend him and sought clemency for the condemned Njono.
Gereformeerd Gezinsblad wire item (25 Feb 1966, p.1) on the opening of Colonel Untung's trial in Jakarta for treason and armed rebellion. The prosecutor claimed Untung gathered 5,000 people before the coup, including Tjakrabirawa troops, paratroops and 2,000 members of the PKI and its linked women's organisation Gerwan
Short NZPA-Reuter dispatch in The Press (Christchurch), 19 Nov 1966, citing Antara: the first woman member of the banned PKI to face trial will appear before a special military court in South Sumatra. She is named only as Suwarti, a Central Committee member. The sweep tentatively identifies her as Suwarti Bintang Surad
De Tijd commentary by C.H. Schaap (29 Sep 1967) on the executions of Untung and others for the 1965 coup. It says the generals were killed at Halim by "volunteers" trained by Maj. Sujono, "among them members of the communist women's organisation Gerwani", and notes the trials were broadcast and published.
Algemeen Dagblad (1968-01-05): short item that Jakarta police arrested Dutch-born jurist Trees Sunito-Heyligers (52), alleged member of the banned HSI (Hubungan Sarjana Indonesia). Gives her biography: Leiden law doctorate 1940, husband Sunito, return to Indonesia 1953, dismissal from the state bank after 1965; she had
Short Algemeen Handelsblad item (1968-01-05): Jakarta police arrested Dutch-born jurist Trees Soenito-Heyligers (52) on suspicion of membership of the banned HSI. She had defended K. Njono, sentenced to death for the 1965 coup; her husband Soenito, parliament secretary and member of the left-wing Urec movement, was arr
Short De Telegraaf wire (5 Jan 1968, Reuter): Dutch-born lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers (52) was arrested in Jakarta on suspicion of membership of the banned communist scholars' association; she had defended trade-union leader Njono, sentenced to death for the 1965 coup. Gerwani is not mentioned.