Gerwani Archive
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GA-00496 1966-01-04 Algemeen Handelsblad rel A

Zorgen van de Indonesische huisvrouw (Kekhawatiran ibu rumah tangga Indonesia)

Worries of the Indonesian housewife

Algemeen Handelsblad feature from Surabaya (1966-01-04) on housewives and domestic servants at Lebaran and rising prices. A key passage repeats the Lubang Buaya claim that Gerwani members had military training and, per arrested women's confessions, took part in the generals' murders, and alleges Gerwani members worked

GA-03539 1966-01-16 Renmin Ribao (People's Daily), p. 4 rel C licensed

Renmin Ribao, 16 Jan 1966, p. 4: 印度尼西亚亚非人民团结组织建立新领导机构 (Indonesian AAPSO committee sets up a new leadership body)

Renmin Ribao, 16 Jan 1966: Indonesian AAPSO committee sets up new leadership body abroad

People's Daily, 16 Jan 1966, p. 4. Ibrahim Isa, secretary of the AAPSO secretariat and head of the Indonesian delegation at the Havana Tricontinental conference, announced on 12 Jan that he and other Indonesian AAPSO leaders abroad were forming a new leadership body for the Indonesian AAPSO committee. The sweep matched

GA-03540 1966-01-16 Renmin Ribao (People's Daily), p. 4 rel C licensed

Renmin Ribao, 16 Jan 1966, p. 4: 印度尼西亚亚非人民团结组织建立新领导机构 (Indonesian AAPSO committee sets up a new leadership body)

Renmin Ribao, 16 Jan 1966: Indonesian AAPSO committee sets up new leadership body abroad

People's Daily, 16 Jan 1966, p. 4. Ibrahim Isa, secretary of the AAPSO secretariat and head of the Indonesian delegation at the Havana Tricontinental conference, announced on 12 Jan that he and other Indonesian AAPSO leaders abroad were forming a new leadership body for the Indonesian AAPSO committee. The sweep matched

GA-00998 1966-02-08 Gereformeerd Gezinsblad rel A

Soebandrio vraagt China om 'wederzijdse achting'

Subandrio asks China for 'mutual respect'

Gereformeerd Gezinsblad roundup (8 Feb 1966, p.3) of Indonesia-China tension (Subandrio, student protest at Chinese embassy) and Indonesian-Japanese trade talks. One paragraph reports that communist Suradijo, shot while escaping, had tortured General Parman with a bamboo spear 'in front of a group of screaming women an

GA-02019 1966-02-13 Berita Harian rel B

Berita Harian, 13 Februari 1966: Wanita Komunis peguam bela Untung dan Njoto

Berita Harian, 13 Feb 1966: woman lawyer to defend Untung and Njoto

Berita Harian, 13 Feb 1966 (lead only). A woman lawyer, Dr Tien Sunito, described as a PKI member, was appointed to defend Lt Col Untung and Njoto, whose trials were due Monday. Not about Gerwani directly, but about women's roles in the 1965 trials.

GA-03580 1966-02-13 Új Szó rel B

Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito (Új Szó, 1966-02-13)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Új Szó (Hungarian-language daily), 13 Feb 1966: a snippet on the Njono trial says Mrs Sunito was named to defend the accused on behalf of the Indonesian Communist Party (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.

GA-01363 1966-02-14 Trouw rel B

Vandaag begint proces in Djakarta: Nederlandse vrouw verdedigt Oentoeng (Trial begins in Jakarta: Dutch woman defends Untung)

Trial begins in Jakarta: Dutch woman defends Untung

Trouw (14 Feb 1966): on the eve of the Untung and Njono trials in Jakarta, Dutch-born lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers, herself a PKI member, takes on the defence after others refused. Profiles her and her husband as 'non-extreme' communists with Leiden training. No mention of Gerwani; context for the 1965-66 Mahmillub t

GA-00481 1966-02-15 Algemeen Dagblad rel B

Nederlandse vrouw enige verdedigster (Perempuan Belanda satu-satunya pembela)

Dutch woman sole defender

ANP report in Algemeen Dagblad (1966-02-15) on Dutch-born lawyer Trees Sunito-Heyligers, the only Indonesian jurist willing to defend PKI/SOBSI leader Njono before the special military tribunal. Her husband Sunito was jailed after the coup and she was dismissed from the state bank. No Gerwani mention; context for the 1

GA-01271 1966-02-15 Limburgsch Dagblad rel B

Niet openbaar (Not public: the Njono trial)

Not public: the Njono trial

Limburgsch Dagblad, 15 February 1966, p. 1: start of the closed Mahmillub trial of SOBSI leader Njono, who says he was told to inform Sukarno of a 'council of generals' but joined the coup instead. Students demanded a public trial; only selected journalists are admitted. Njono is defended by Dutch-born lawyer Trees Soe

GA-03554 1966-02-15 Bács-Kiskun Megyei Népújság rel B

Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito (Bács-Kiskun Megyei Népújság, 1966-02-15)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Bács-Kiskun county daily, 15 Feb 1966: a snippet on the Njono trial says the president may use his right of pardon, and mentions Mrs Sunito, whose husband is a leftist (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.

GA-03558 1966-02-15 Délmagyarország rel B

Délmagyarország (15 Feb 1966)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian regional daily, 15 February 1966: snippet from a report on the Njono trial noting that eleven people sit in the dock (or on the bench) and that Mrs Sunito acts as counsel (Trees Sunito per the log). Only a search snippet and permalink were saved; the sentence is fragmentary and its exact meaning is uncertain.

GA-03563 1966-02-15 Észak-Magyarország rel B

Észak-Magyarország (15 Feb 1966)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian regional daily, 15 February 1966: snippet from a report on the trial of PKI leader Njono, stating he is a member of the party's central committee and that his defence is handled by Mrs Sunito (Trees Sunito per the log). Only a search snippet and permalink were saved; the page text was not retrieved.

GA-03566 1966-02-15 Kelet-Magyarország rel C

Kelet-Magyarország, 15 February 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian daily Kelet-Magyarország, 15 Feb 1966 (snippet only). Notes at the start of Njono's trial that he is a member of the Party's Central Committee and that Mrs Sunito is his defence counsel. The catalogue identifies her as Trees Sunito; that is uncertain and no Gerwani link is stated.

GA-03573 1966-02-15 Somogyi Neplap (Somogy Megyei Hirlap) rel B

Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito (Somogyi Neplap, 15 Feb 1966)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Search snippet from the Hungarian daily Somogyi Neplap (15 February 1966, no. 38) on the Mahmillub trial of a PKI Central Committee member (Njono): 'his defence is provided by Mrs Sunito'. Only a fragment; page OCR not retrieved. The link to Trees Soenito Heyligers, earlier WIDF delegate, is per the sweep log.

GA-03585 1966-02-15 Journal et feuille d'avis du Valais rel B

Djakarta, leader communiste au tribunal (Trees Soenito defends Njono)

Swiss press, 15 Feb 1966: PKI leader Njono on trial in Jakarta (defence counsel Trees Soenito)

Swiss regional daily, 15 Feb 1966: the special military court trying PKI leader Njono opened the previous day. Njono's sole defence counsel is Mrs Trees Soenito, 50, daughter of a former Dutch official and wife of a jailed leftist leader, who says she was appointed only on Saturday after other lawyers declined. The tex

GA-03587 1966-02-15 La Suisse rel A

Le procès de ceux qui voulaient renverser Soukarno a commencé (Trees Soenito)

Swiss press, 15 Feb 1966: PKI leader Njono on trial in Jakarta (defence counsel Trees Soenito)

La Suisse, 15 Feb 1966, UPI/AFP wire from Singapore on the opening of the first coup trial in Jakarta. Defendant Njono, PKI Central Committee member, denies plotting against Sukarno. His only lawyer is Mrs Trees Soenito, aged 50, daughter of a former Dutch official in Indonesia and wife of a left-wing Indonesian leader

GA-01314 1966-02-16 Nieuwsblad Van Het Noorden rel B

Vrouw in het nieuws: Trees Soenito, 'Recht op verdediging heeft ieder mens' (Woman in the news: Trees Soenito)

Woman in the news: Trees Soenito, 'Everyone has the right to a defence'

Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 16 February 1966, p. 14: profile from Utrecht of Trees Soenito-Heyligers, who took on Njono's defence in the Jakarta coup trial. Her parents in Amersfoort say she often took pro deo cases and believes everyone has a right to a defence. No Gerwani content.

GA-03574 1966-02-20 Somogyi Néplap rel C

Somogyi Néplap, 20 February 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian daily Somogyi Néplap, 20 Feb 1966 (snippet only). Reports from the trial of Njono, noting that after Njono spoke in his own defence, his counsel Mrs Sunito argued a point (cut off). The catalogue identifies her as Trees Sunito; that is uncertain and no Gerwani link is stated.

GA-00285 1966-02-21 The Canberra Times rel B

INDONESIAN PLOT: Tribunal verdict on Njono due today (Canberra Times, 21 Februari 1966)

Indonesian Plot: Tribunal Verdict on Njono Due Today (Canberra Times, 21 February 1966)

Canberra Times, 21 Feb 1966, p. 6 (AAP-Reuter): the military tribunal trying PKI leader Njono is due to give its verdict; prosecution demanded death. His government-appointed woman lawyer, Mrs Trees Sunito, had 32 hours to prepare. Foreign press barred; Chinese agency criticism of the trial noted. Gerwani not named.

GA-00286 1966-02-21 The Canberra Times rel B

INDONESIAN PLOT: Tribunal verdict on Njono due today (Canberra Times, 21 Februari 1966)

Indonesian Plot: Tribunal Verdict on Njono Due Today (Canberra Times, 21 February 1966), duplicate

Canberra Times, 21 Feb 1966, p. 6 (AAP-Reuter): the military tribunal trying PKI leader Njono is due to give its verdict; prosecution demanded death. His government-appointed woman lawyer, Mrs Trees Sunito, had 32 hours to prepare. Foreign press barred; Chinese agency criticism of the trial noted. Gerwani not named.

GA-01364 1966-02-21 Trouw rel B

Na eis van doodstraf: Njono's verdedigster bepleit vrijspraak (After death-penalty demand: Njono's counsel pleads acquittal)

After death-penalty demand: Njono's counsel pleads acquittal

Trouw (21 Feb 1966): after the prosecutor demanded the death penalty for SOBSI leader Njono, his lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers argues nothing proves a plot to overthrow the government; Njono gave an hour-long political defence. Lawyer complains of two days' preparation; PKI-linked Colonel Latief reportedly arrested. N

GA-03561 1966-02-22 Dunántúli Napló rel B

Dunántúli Napló (22 Feb 1966)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Hungarian regional daily, 22 February 1966: a snippet from a report on the trial of Njono, noting that the case was referred to a special military court and that Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence counsel, filed a petition for clemency. Mrs Sunito is Trees Sunito per the log; only the snippet and permalink were saved, so the

GA-03564 1966-02-22 Eszak-Magyarorszag rel B

Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito (Eszak-Magyarorszag, 22 Feb 1966)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Search snippet from the Hungarian daily Eszak-Magyarorszag (22 February 1966, no. 44) reporting that, in the case of PKI leader Njono, the matter was referred to the special military court and that Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence lawyer, submitted a clemency petition. Only a fragment; page OCR not retrieved. Identifying he

GA-03578 1966-02-23 Tolna Megyei Népújság rel B

Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito (Tolna Megyei Népújság, 1966-02-23)

Hungarian press, Feb 1966: Njono trial, defence counsel Mrs Sunito

Tolna county daily, 23 Feb 1966: a snippet reports that its correspondent also said Mrs Sunito, Njono's defence counsel, [had filed or sought] clemency (text cut off). Trees Sunito is listed by the sweep as a member name; her Gerwani link is not stated. Page OCR not retrieved.

GA-00744 1966-02-24 De Volkskrant rel B

Onrust in Djakarta, Oentoeng voor gerecht (Unrest in Jakarta, Untung in court)

Unrest in Jakarta, Untung in court: strike force included Gerwani members

De Volkskrant report (24 Feb 1966) on unrest in Jakarta and the opening of Untung's trial. The prosecutor said his strike force of 5,000 included 2,000 communists, "men and women, of the organisations Gerwani, Pemuda Rakjat and the BTI". No claims of torture or sexual misconduct appear in this item.

GA-00482 1966-02-25 Algemeen Dagblad rel B

Untung bekent moord op zes generaals (Untung mengaku membunuh enam jenderal)

Untung confesses to murder of six generals

Algemeen Dagblad (1966-02-25) on Lt.-Col. Untung's trial before the special military tribunal: he now admits that 'taking away' the six generals meant killing, denies PKI membership and claims he acted against a 'council of generals'. Notes Trees Sunito refused to defend him and sought clemency for the condemned Njono.

GA-00661 1966-02-25 De Nieuwe Limburger rel C

Gevechten in Djakarta (Fighting in Jakarta)

Fighting in Jakarta: students storm Sukarno's palace

De Nieuwe Limburger, 25 Feb 1966: students storm Sukarno's palace after the swearing-in of the new cabinet; Sukarno calls them 'madmen' and the cabinet is derided as a 'Gestapu cabinet'. A photo caption notes that KOWANI members also joined the mass gathering at the palace. Gerwani is not named.

GA-00999 1966-02-25 Gereformeerd Gezinsblad rel B

Studenten pogen beëdiging te verhinderen: proces tegen Oentoeng begonnen

Students try to prevent swearing-in: trial of Untung begun

Gereformeerd Gezinsblad wire item (25 Feb 1966, p.1) on the opening of Colonel Untung's trial in Jakarta for treason and armed rebellion. The prosecutor claimed Untung gathered 5,000 people before the coup, including Tjakrabirawa troops, paratroops and 2,000 members of the PKI and its linked women's organisation Gerwan

GA-01089 1966-02-25 Het Vrije Volk rel C

Proces na mislukte staatsgreep: Oentoeng erkent bevel tot moord op generaals

Trial after failed coup: Untung admits order to murder generals

Het Vrije Volk/Reuters report (25 Feb 1966, p.21) on Colonel Untung's trial before the Jakarta court-martial: he admits his order to take away the generals meant they should be killed, says he acted to save Sukarno from a military plot and denies PKI membership. Lawyer Trees Soenito-Heyligers asked Sukarno to pardon Nj

GA-00497 1966-03-09 Algemeen Handelsblad rel C

Militairen kijken toe: Scholieren in Djakarta opnieuw in de aanval (Militer menonton: pelajar Jakarta kembali menyerang)

Soldiers look on: schoolchildren in Jakarta attack again

Algemeen Handelsblad (1966-03-09, pp. 1 and 11): student and schoolchildren demonstrations in Jakarta, tanks outside ministries, a student demand to ban the PKI, and Siliwangi troops beating the Cakrabirawa guard to the university. Sukarno told a meeting of Indonesian women (unnamed) to amend a resolution to condemn Am