S.K. Trimurti lecturing on the relation between the labour and women's movements (Idayu photo album)
Undated photograph from the Yayasan Idayu albums (Perpusnas Khastara) captioned as Ibu Dra. SK. Trimurti giving a talk on the relationship between the labour movement and the women's movement. Shows Trimurti as a speaker on labour and women's organising; Gerwani is not mentioned in the caption. Description based on cap
S.K. Trimurti lecturing on the relation between the labour and women's movements (Idayu photo album)
Undated photograph from the Yayasan Idayu albums (Perpusnas Khastara), same series as image 03, captioned as Ibu Dra. SK. Trimurti lecturing on the relationship between the labour movement and the women's movement. Gerwani is not mentioned in the caption. Description based on caption only.
PDI campaign rally at Lapangan Banteng with Moh. Isnaeni, S.K. Trimurti and Wilopo (Idayu photo album, c. 1977)
Undated photograph from the S.K. Trimurti albums (Perpusnas Khastara), captioned as a PDI campaign rally at Lapangan Banteng with speakers Moh. Isnaeni, Dra. SK. Trimurti and Wilopo. It shows Trimurti campaigning for the PDI under the New Order; Gerwani is not mentioned. Date unknown; description based on caption only.
Suluh Indonesia, 12 February 1958: S.K. Trimurti and Indonesian women to Pan-Pacific/Southeast Asia women's conference
Suluh Indonesia, Jakarta, 12 February 1958 (four pages, OCR very noisy). Front page covers the Husein ultimatum and the dismissal of Sumatran army dissidents (Husein, Simbolon, Dahlan Djambek, Lubis) and Nasution's soldier's-oath statement. A short garbled item on p. 1 lists Indonesian women, including S.K. Trimurti, l
Suluh Indonesia, 14 February 1958: Welcoming the Asian-African Women's Conference in Colombo
Suluh Indonesia, Jakarta, 14 February 1958 (four pages, OCR very noisy). Front page: the Husein ultimatum, cabinet and Sumatra crisis. Page 3 (cont. from p. 1) carries 'Menyambut Konperensi Wanita Asia-Afrika' on the conference due in Colombo 15-24 Feb 1958 (education, health, labour, slavery, nationality), and lists t
Suluh Indonesia, 8 March 1958: Asian-African Women's Conference in Colombo, Indonesian delegation
Suluh Indonesia, Jakarta, 8 March 1958 (four pages, OCR very noisy; mostly general news and adverts). Page 3 carries 'Konperensi Wanita A-A: hanya delegasi Indonesia tegas dan berani bicara politik', on the Asian-African Women's Conference in Colombo. It names the eight-woman Indonesian delegation: Maria Ulfah Santoso
A Little about the Indonesian Women's Movement
Api Kartini (late 1964) history of the Indonesian women's movement for Youth Pledge Day, tracing Kartini, Isteri Sedar, Perwari, wartime Fujinkai and Gerwis's founding on 4 June 1950 from the Gerakan Wanita Sedar, its name change to Gerwani after merging with railway workers' wives and Perwin Menado, joining Kowani and
History of the Indonesian Youth Struggle (Youth Bureau, Ministry of Education and Culture, 1965)
Official history of the Indonesian youth movement (1908-1960) compiled by the Youth Bureau of the Ministry of Education and Culture, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta 1965 (prefaces dated Dec. 1963), in five periods. Gerwani appears only briefly: it is listed among organisations demanding action against the 1957-58 PRRI separatis
Sawito foretells the coming of the 'Sawitan age' (Tempo, 16 Oct 1976)
Tempo profile of Sawito Kartowibowo, the mystic behind the 1976 'Sawito affair' manifesto, discussing his prophecies of a new 'Sawitan' age. It notes that his essays appeared in Mawas Diri, the monthly led by Dra. S.K. Trimurti. Trimurti appears only incidentally; Gerwani is not mentioned.
Lecture on women (Maria Ulfah; S.K. Trimurti mentioned), Tempo, 26 Feb 1977
Tempo item (26 February 1977) profiling Maria Ulfah, who advises working women on labour rights and the marriage law and speaks against polygamy. It says she works with 'dra. SK Trimurti' in the Yayasan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (YTKI) on women workers' workshops, seminars and legal information. Trimurti, a Gerwis founder
Meeting of women fighters at Gedung Kebangkitan Nasional, 21 May 1977 (Idayu photo album)
Photograph from the S.K. Trimurti albums (Perpusnas Khastara), captioned as a meeting of women fighters (wanita pejuang) at the Kebangkitan Nasional building on 21 May 1977. It documents Trimurti-circle commemorative activity under the New Order; Gerwani is not mentioned. Description based on caption only; Trimurti's p
Opening of the Bazaar Karnaval by Ibu Trimurti, Gedung Joang 45, 13 August 1977 (Idayu photo album)
Photograph from the S.K. Trimurti albums (Perpusnas Khastara), captioned as the opening of a carnival bazaar by Ibu Trimurti at Gedung Joang 45, Menteng Raya, 13 August (1977). It shows Trimurti in a public ceremonial role in the 1970s; Gerwani is not mentioned. Description based on caption only.
S.K. Trimurti, Indonesian woman fighter (Jazimah, 2016)
Ipong Jazimah's 2016 biographical sketch of S.K. Trimurti (1912-2008): journalist, labour minister, Gerwis co-founder, Petisi 50 signatory. Pages 50-51 cover Gerwis's founding; relies on a few secondary sources.
Transformation of Gerwani: gender struggle to post-1965 stigmatisation (Aisyah, 2025)
Rania Dhiyaulhaq Aisyah, 'Transformasi Gerwani' (Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia 8:2, 2025), a literature-based article on Gerwani's pre-1965 gender activism (education, health, anti-polygamy, 1955 elections, PKI ties, congresses) and its post-1965 stigmatisation. It repeats Wieringa's finding that the Lubang Buaya sexual-vio