Suara Merdeka (Semarang), 29 Oktober 1965, hlm. 2. Antara report of the 'confession' of Pemuda Rakyat leader 'MSN': secret 'GTM' recruitment for Lubang Buaya training from July 1965, seeing many Gerwani, PR and BTI in ranks, 'Ibu Djumono of the DPP Gerwani', and ranks that 'appeared happy and sang'.
Page of Hungarian county daily Nograd, 7 Nov 1965, with an MTI Djakarta dispatch: the army press office says paratroopers 'were forced to take the lives' of Gerwani women who blocked a military column in Solo (Surakarta), Central Java; the communique does not state numbers. Also Pravda's Jakarta report on the banning o
Hungarian provincial daily Szolnok Megyei Néplap, 7 Nov 1965, world-politics page. Its Indonesia item reports an official army communiqué claiming that in Solo (Central Java) paratroopers 'were forced to take the lives' of Gerwani women who blocked the road before an armoured column; it does not say how they were kille
Berita Minggu/Berita Harian, 7 November 1965, p. 10, UPI: the 'confession' of Jamilah, 15 and pregnant, a Pemuda Rakyat member, reported from Angkatan Bersenjata. She says about 100 Gerwani women among 500 at Halim were given knives, struck first, and hacked a blindfolded general's genitals. A core Lubang Buaya slander
Berita Harian, 15 November 1965, p. 3 (clipping lacks its headline), Antara via Medan: a Gerwani member is detained near an Islamic scholar's house; police say a 'secret mark' was found on her thigh and she confessed she was assigned to kill the cleric. A typical 1965 propaganda item on Gerwani as assassins and 'marked
The Straits Times, 8 December 1965, p. 12, analysis by Dennis Bloodworth on why the PKI failed. In passing it repeats the Lubang Buaya slander as fact: 'six leading generals were done to death, horribly mutilated by doe-eye girls of the PKI's Gerwani women's movement'. It then covers Sukarno's weakness, Nasution's esca
JPRS translation of Kompas, 12 Jan 1971: Emi Marijam, 24, described as a Jakarta Gerwani activist, testifies as witness in the subversion trial of Pemuda Rakjat secretary-general Sukatno. She says she and three women were assigned to torture the generals at Lubang Buaja, gouging eyes for one million rupiah, after train
Harian Neraca, 13 Mar 1989, p. 10: instalment 60 on the 1 October abductions; says about 100 Gerwani members of AURI-trained 'Sukarelawan Kita' were at Lubang Buaya, citing the 'confession' of Nyonya Djamilah.
Harian Neraca, 14 Mar 1989, p. 10: instalment 61, the serial's most important Gerwani item, reprinting the army's 1965 slander: PR and Gerwani dancing naked in a 'flower-scent party', sex permitted, stimulant injections, per 17-year-old Djamilah.
Harian Neraca, 18 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 90 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. July 1968 captures in South Blitar; sub-chapter 'Gerwani leaders try to flee' on hunting Gerwani women Ny. Lies Soekatno (alias Djemirah), Bu Djoyo, Ny. Moedji and others.
Bali Post, 30 Sept 1992, p. 6: G30S-anniversary opinion page; a feature lists Gerwani among communist masses backing Madiun 1948 and retells the Cemetuk clash of 18 Oct 1965 as PKI poisoning.
Berita Yudha, 5 Nov 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment describing G30S task forces and about 2,000 Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani members 'trained at Lubang Buaya' whose task included 'killing and burial' of the generals.
Berita Yudha, 28 Sept 1997, p. 12: tourism feature on the Lubang Buaya monument stating that in the 'torture house' four officers 'were cruelly tortured by Gerwani until they breathed their last'.
Bali Post, 13 Mar 2000, p. 11: Wimar Witoelar interview with ex-CGMI leader Hardoyo, stating that the autopsy showed Gerwani did not mutilate the generals, a story that had inflamed mass killings.
2009 Sanata Dharma history thesis by Elisabeth Retnoningrum on Gerwani's orientation, the New Order's spreading of a bad image of Gerwani, and later women's movement development; concludes the sexual mutilation story was untrue and legitimised the regime.
Wieringa's 2011 article condensing her research: the army's sexual slander of Gerwani was the spark without which the genocide would not have happened; reconstructs the Lubang Buaya night (about 70 women and girls, mostly Pemuda Rakyat volunteers) and reads the monument mural. Programmatic synthesis.