De Maasbode, 7 Dec 1948: 'Latest news' column covering the Committee of Good Offices, Dr Beel in Madura, Hatta's stand on the army, and about 3,000 arrests after the Madiun revolt. A brief item reports seven Indonesian women drowned when a prau capsized near Teluknaga. Gerwani/Gerwis and Soetanti Aidit are not mentione
Emmer Courant 'Indonesië' news column (7 Nov 1949, p.3): Dutch troops to evacuate Solo and Madiun; standing law in Wonosobo; and the murder of Farokafabrieken inspector Th. Pluyter by a band in the Masamba area, 'seems to have been led by' Makassar councillor Salawati Daoed (Salawati Daud), who drove there in a municip
Nieuwsblad voor de Hoeksche Waard en IJselmonde, 7 November 1949, p. 2: news-column fragment including the murder of Th. Pluyter by a gang near Masamba 'apparently led by' Makassar council member Salawati Daud, with six arrests. Other items cover Marshall aid, English replacing Dutch in Indonesian schools and Anak Agun
Het Vrije Volk front-page column 'Van daar' (8 Nov 1949): opens with the claim that Salawati Daud, female member of Makassar's city council, proved to be leader of the band that kidnapped and murdered a Faroko factory representative in South Celebes; six members including 'the female band leader' are arrested. The rest
Het Vaderland miscellany column 'Indonesische tjampoeran' (30 Jun 1951, p.12) with many short items. Relevant: an emergency meeting of parliament's home affairs section chaired by Mrs Moedigdio (Mudigdio) resolves to ask the government about Mrs Waworoentoe, dismissed as mayor of Manado and placed under house arrest by
Het Vaderland miscellany column 'Indonesische tjampoeran' (4 Aug 1952, p.6) of short items on sugar workers' strike threats, Medan's mayor, harsh anti-Kahar Muzakar rules in Makassar and prison conditions of SOBSI detainees. One item says Mrs Salawati of Makassar received a moped from the provincial Keamanan staff as a
Izvestiia, 4 Nov 1965, p. 2, international commentary: Antara reports the Congress of Indonesian Women (Kowani) expelled the CPI's women's organisation Gerwani; also Supreme Court dismissals, 57 PKI deputies suspended (Lukman, Njoto), about 3,000 arrested near Yogyakarta, and books of 'implicated' authors removed from
Limburgsch Dagblad, 20 November 1965, p. 5: correspondent's column from Solo. Paratroopers daily parade 'enemies of the people', yesterday three Gerwani members, described as involved in the massacres 'in the most dissolute manner', forced to lie face down on hot asphalt before a passive crowd. It also describes ex-may
Tempo piece (25 Oct 1980) on the polemic between British activist Carmel Budiardjo, editor of the Tapol bulletin in London, and Far Eastern Economic Review editor Derek Davies, who criticised her past communist links and new sponsors. Concerns advocacy for ex-G30S prisoners; no Gerwani content.
McGregor and Hearman (2007) read Gerwani leaders Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs as political rehabilitation: distancing from the PKI, rebutting the Lubang Buaya slander, socialist critique and claims to citizenship. Key scholarly analysis of survivor memoirs.
McGregor and Hearman's 2007 article reading Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs as political rehabilitation: both arrested 1967, tried 1975 for subversion; they distance Gerwani from the PKI and answer the sexual slander. Second copy of the paper (South East Asia Research).
Tempo explainer (1 Oct 2012) on Kopkamtib, set up by Suharto on 2 Oct 1965 as the 'super organisation' that planned and drove the mass killings and detentions (Komnas HAM names it chief perpetrator). It notes army-controlled media showing Lubang Buaya photos with stories that Gerwani women tortured the generals, and ci
Opinion piece by M. Imam Aziz in Tempo (1 Oct 2012) summarising Komnas HAM's findings of nine crimes against humanity in 1965 (500,000 to 3 million killed, 1.8 million detained, Plantungan named for women) and proposing a non-judicial path: presidential apology, victim recovery, comparing ICC, South African and Austral
2023 UNY article on how three post-Reformasi novels by women authors (Ayu Utami's Manjali dan Cakrabirawa, Leila Chudori's Pulang, Laksmi Pamuntjak's Amba) re-interpret facts of G30S, including Buru detention and 'PKI descendant' stigma. Literary context.