FBIS summary of Manado radio (3 Nov 1965): the North Sulawesi Regional Council pledged to implement Sukarno's 21 October commands and asked him to dissolve the PKI and affiliates including Pemuda Rakjat, Gerwani, SOBSI, BTI, fishermen's front, HSI, Lekra, CGMI, IPPI, Perhimi and Baperki; it urged purges, and trial of d
FBIS summary of Sukarno's 17 Dec 1965 speech at the Perwari anniversary rally. He praised West Irian volunteer Herlina, discussed ideas and 'progressive' versus 'retrogressive' revolutionaries, and defended Nasakom. He ordered a tribunal for those directly involved in Gestok and said those responsible for killing innoc
Page 5 of the East Berlin Berliner Zeitung, 24 Feb 1966, with a short article 'Anklage unhaltbar' and an ADN item on the Jakarta military trial of PKI Politburo member Njono, sentenced to death on 21 Feb. It says he pleaded not guilty and sought clemency from Sukarno, and that his defence counsel, Frau Sunito (Trees Su
Page 5 of the East Berlin Berliner Zeitung, 24 Feb 1966, with a short article 'Anklage unhaltbar' and an ADN item on the Jakarta military trial of PKI Politburo member Njono, sentenced to death on 21 Feb. It says he pleaded not guilty and sought clemency from Sukarno, and that his defence counsel, Frau Sunito (Trees Su
Page 7 of the SED daily Neues Deutschland, 24 Feb 1966, with a commentary and an ADN dispatch on the death sentence passed on PKI Politburo member Njono on 21 Feb. The dispatch says his defence counsel, Frau Sunito (Trees Sunito), also showed the accusations to be groundless. The commentary condemns the killings of Com
Page 7 of the SED daily Neues Deutschland, 24 Feb 1966, with a commentary and an ADN dispatch on the death sentence passed on PKI Politburo member Njono on 21 Feb. The dispatch says his defence counsel, Frau Sunito (Trees Sunito), also showed the accusations to be groundless. The commentary condemns the killings of Com
The Scotsman, 29 Oct 1966, 'Not the old Subandrio': profile of Sukarno's former foreign minister, condemned to death by a military tribunal for treason and bearing 'heavy responsibility for the rise of the PKI'. It traces his career and notes he is a scapegoat the Suharto regime can blame while Sukarno is retained for
Two-page FBIS extract (18 Nov 1966) from HathiTrust. The Gerwani-relevant item says PKI Central Committee member Suwarti, called a Gerwani leader, will be tried by the South Sumatra Mahmilub, the first woman Gestapu-PKI leader to be tried. Other items cover Indonesian students in Bulgaria and a radio commentary on rumo
Brief FBIS item (Jakarta radio, 18 Nov 1966): Suwarti, a former PKI Central Committee member described as a Gerwani leader, will soon be tried by the South Sumatra Mahmilub, the first woman leader of the Gestapu-PKI so tried. The regional commander alleged she tried to build an underground PKI chapter there in June.
UK Foreign Office file FCO 15/155 (Feb 1967 to June 1968) of Jakarta embassy letters, press cables and an air attache's report on the Mahmilub trials of Supardjo and Omar Dani, plus a June 1968 note on a Soviet protest over PKI prisoners. Gerwani appears only in the Omar Dani report, as female youth trained at Lubang B
Washington Post (6 January 1968, p. A9), an AP report headed 'Red Defenders Held in Djakarta'. Per the sweep log, it says woman lawyer Trees Sunito, who defended Njono, has been arrested and is described as a former leader of the women's section of the Communist Party. Only the page header is in the text; the article b
Eastern Sun (Singapore), 7 Jan 1971 (lead snippet only). Reports that an Indonesian Communist leader, Sukatno, former chairman of an organisation (cut off), said at his trial that it is wrong to accuse the PKI of masterminding the 1965 coup. No woman or Gerwani member is named; the catalogue's 'Sri Sukatno' hit is unve
British Foreign and Commonwealth Office file FCO 15/1941 (1974-75), 'Political detainees in Indonesia': ministerial letters on the National Peace Council and TAPOL campaigns, Research Department notes on Carmel Budiardjo, UN human-rights briefing, ICRC/Buru material and TAPOL Bulletin extracts. Gerwani features in the
FBIS item (Jakarta radio, 29 Jan 1975): military tribunals in Padang and Pekanbaru began trying six Gestapu-PKI and subversion defendants, all former junior officers or soldiers. Names, units and judges are listed. Gerwani and women are not mentioned; the people tag Umi Sardjono appears unrelated to the text.
Short FBIS item (Jakarta radio, 3 Feb 1975): four leaders of the PKI-affiliated Gerwani, Mrs Sri Ambar, Sujinah, Sulami and Suharti, went on trial in the Central Jakarta district court on subversion, conspiracy and rebellion charges linked to Gestapu-PKI. The report calls them the first PKI woman leaders to be tried.
South China Morning Post, 4 Feb 1975, p.22 (AFP, Jakarta, 3 Feb): four leading women of the outlawed PKI went on trial in Jakarta District Court charged with conspiracy to topple the Government. Miss Sulami was secretary general and the other three were board members of the 'defunct communist women's movement' (Gerwani
Daily World (New York), 26 July 1975, p. 9: Foreign Department report that a Jakarta court on 16 June 1975 sentenced four women after a five-month trial: Sulami (general secretary of the Indonesian Women's Movement, 20 years), Sudjinah (magazine editor, 18), Sri Ambar (SOBSI women's section, 15) and Suharti Alimarkaban
FBIS item (Jakarta radio, 14 Jul 1976): the Banten court martial sentenced former air force sergeant Marsudi to death for complicity in the 1965 Gestapu-PKI affair. The tribunal held him and Maun of Cakrabirawa responsible for the generals' deaths at Lubang Buaya, together with the Sukwan, described as a women voluntee
East German daily Berliner Zeitung, 20 October 1976, p. 7, a news-in-brief item headed 'Verurteilt' reporting that an Indonesian military court sentenced Mrs Siti Sundari Abdul Rahman, arrested in October 1965, an active PKI leader and former MP, to life imprisonment. The rest of the page is unrelated. Gerwani is not m
East German daily Berliner Zeitung, 20 October 1976, p. 7, a news-in-brief item headed 'Verurteilt' reporting that an Indonesian military court sentenced Mrs Siti Sundari Abdul Rahman, arrested in October 1965, an active PKI leader and former MP, to life imprisonment. The rest of the page is unrelated. Gerwani is not m
Foreign-news page of the SED daily Neues Deutschland. A brief ('Kommunistin verurteilt') reports that an Indonesian military court sentenced Siti Sundari Abdul Rahman, a Communist Party leader and former member of parliament, to life imprisonment. The sweep names her as Sundari Abdulrachman; her Gerwani link is not sta
Foreign-news page of the SED daily Neues Deutschland. A brief ('Kommunistin verurteilt') reports that an Indonesian military court sentenced Siti Sundari Abdul Rahman, a Communist Party leader and former member of parliament, to life imprisonment. The sweep names her as Sundari Abdulrachman; her Gerwani link is not sta
The Times of India, 6 Sep 1977, p.11 (Reuter, London, 4 Sep): Amnesty International lists 62 imprisoned or missing parliamentarians in 17 countries; Indonesia tops the list with 23, most held without trial since 1965 for links with the PKI, SOBSI, BTI or the women's organisation Gerwani. Named are Subandrio, Oei Tjoe T
FBIS Daily Report item (8 Jul 1978) quoting Kuala Lumpur radio: Mrs Tanty (Sutanti) Aidit, a medical doctor and widow of PKI chairman D.N. Aidit, will soon be tried for complicity in the 1965 coup attempt, a Jakarta prosecution spokesman said. She has been in military detention since 1965. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Journal article by Coen Holtzappel (Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1979) analysing the Untung and Njono trial records to argue the 30 September Movement was steered by Air Force and Army intelligence, with Sjam's Pringgodani group deliberately compromising the PKI and Aidit. Gerwani is mentioned only once, in a footnote
The Observer, 12 Aug 1979, p.8, 'Prisoners of Conscience': Amnesty International notes up to 20,000 untried political prisoners remain in Indonesia and takes up four women active in Gerwani, arrested 1966 and tried nine years later: Sulami (20 years), Sudjinah (18), Sri Ambar Rukmiati and Suharti Harsono (15 each). It
British FCO file FCO 15/2701 (1980), 'Political detainees in Indonesia': Amnesty International's April 1980 letter and memorandum to the UK government before the IGGI meeting, on release of B-category prisoners, restrictions on ex-detainees, missing persons and unfair A-category trials, plus TAPOL Bulletin extracts (No
FBIS item (ANTARA, 23 Aug 1989): armed forces spokesman Brig. Gen. Nurhadi Purwosaputro said the release of Sundari Abdulrahman, 68, former chairwoman of Gerwani, followed completion of her term and presidential remission. She had been sentenced to life in 1976 in Tanjungkarang and held in Tangerang Women's Prison. He
Tempo, 2 Sep 1989. Reports the release from Tangerang women's prison on 17 August 1989 of Sundari Abdulrachman (68), former chair of Gerwani Pusat and PKI member of DPRGR, sentenced to life at Tanjungkarang on 16 Oct 1976 (commuted 1982) for organising Gerwani in Lampung. Officials deny that Inter-Parliamentary Union p
Yosef Djakababa's 2009 Wisconsin dissertation on how the New Order built the official Lubang Buaya narrative (PKI sole mastermind, spontaneous people's response) via army history, Mahmillub trials, the monument, Hari Kesaktian Pancasila and the film. Key study of official memory.