One-line FBIS item (7 Oct 1954): for the fourth session of Parliament, the Justice and Security Committee elected a PNI member as chairman and H. Subhajat (Progressive faction) and Madame Mudigdio of the PKI as vice-chairmen. Documents Mudigdio's parliamentary position.
Tribune (Sydney), 13 Oct 1954, p. 11: letters page covering SEATO, Eisenhower, Pakistan, housing and criticisms of Tribune. One letter claims Indonesia, India, Ceylon and Burma's abstention from SEATO shows Asian peoples want peace and independence; another praises the Union of Australian Women journal 'Our Women'. No
Soviet Woman, 30 Nov 1954, p. 36: 'Our Guests' news column on foreign women's delegations to the USSR. Opens with the first Indonesian women's delegation, headed by Mrs Sastrohusodo Andreas, welcomed at Moscow airport; an article by Mrs Supardjo is promised. Other delegations from Britain, Romania, Albania and Israel.
Soviet Woman, 31 Dec 1954, p. 4: Supardjo, an Indonesian public figure of Taman Siswa, reflects on the first Indonesian women's delegation's three-week USSR tour (factories, collective farms, schools). Stresses peace, the Indonesian Peace Committee and anti-illiteracy work. Gerwis/Gerwani are not named, but it document
CIA study, May 1955, surveying PKI organisation and history before the 1955 elections, with a short section on Gerwani among eight front organisations (pp. 49-50) and PKI foreign channels. Earliest extended US assessment of Gerwani as a PKI front.
WIDF commemorative booklet (Berlin, 1955) for its tenth anniversary: history from the 1945 Paris founding congress, peace and anti-atom campaigns, the 1953 Copenhagen Congress, children's work, the 1955 Lausanne World Congress of Mothers. Page 28 states that in Indonesia 'the women's organization which had 6,000 member
Simone Bertrand, WIDF Assistant General Secretary, reports in 1955 on the Fifth WIDF Council meeting in Geneva (45 countries). She cites GERWANI as a remarkable example: mostly peasant and plantation women, membership up from 80,000 to 281,000 in a year, and with nine organisations it formed a committee opposing a US b
1955 article by Suharti (Suharti Suwarto), Vice-President of Gerwani, based on her speech at the WIDF Council in Geneva. Links the Bandung Conference to peace; says Gerwani had 281,000 members; calls for reunion of Western Irian; reports women's election preparations, winning the right to be polling officers, support f
Cover note of Women of the Whole World no. 89 (April 1955, 10th year), stamped by the Amsterdam Institute of Social History. The cover photo shows Balinese women, described as largely bound by feudal tradition yet joining the fight to strengthen the country's independence. No Gerwani mention.
1955 WIDF magazine feature 'For Friendship' with statements by Anusuya Gyanchand (India), Utami Suryadarma (Indonesia) and Che Zahara (Malaya) for the World Congress of Mothers. Suryadarma, a vice-president of the Preparatory Committee and of the Foundation for the Well-being of Indonesian Children, links Bandung to pe
WIDF magazine 1955 report on the Asian-African (Bandung) Conference, 18-24 April, listing participants and the ten principles of the communique, with supportive statements from women (Anusuya Gyanchand, Erika Wendland, Gusta Fucikova) for the World Congress of Mothers. Presents Bandung as boosting peace and disarmament
WIDF magazine 'Women Write to Us' (1955), country letters after the World Congress of Mothers (Lausanne): Bulgaria, Argentina, France, India floods, and Indonesia. The Indonesia item reports delegate Mme Suryadarma's warm airport welcome, press and radio coverage of her Congress speech, and the Indonesian Women's Movem
Harry J. Benda, The Crescent and the Rising Sun: Indonesian Islam under the Japanese Occupation of Java, 1942-45 (PhD thesis, Cornell, June 1955), on Japanese policy towards Islam, Masjumi and the mass organisations Putera and Hokokai. Gerwani is not mentioned (it was founded after the thesis's period). The only women'
The Observer, 16 Jan 1955, p.7, Rawle Knox, 'Djakarta Postpones the Evil Day': impressionistic report from Jakarta on a lively, disorderly capital, the Ali Sastroamidjojo government's dependence on Communist support, Sukarno's drift from impartiality, the delayed first election and anti-Dutch boycotts. A passing quote
Daily News (Perth), 9 Feb 1955, p. 18, 'Diane's Diary' women's column. The second item reports Mrs A. Dickie, a Presbyterian minister's wife, who was the Union of Australian Women's delegate to a conference in Djakarta 'conducted by the Indonesian Women's Movement' (about 500 women) in April 1954, then toured Java and
Daily News (Perth), 9 Feb 1955, p. 18, 'Diane's Diary' women's column. The second item reports Mrs A. Dickie, a Presbyterian minister's wife, who was the Union of Australian Women's delegate to a conference in Djakarta 'conducted by the Indonesian Women's Movement' (about 500 women) in April 1954, then toured Java and
FBIS item (19 Feb 1955): Gerwani issued a statement on 18 Feb welcoming the Indonesian Peace Committee's appeal against war and the use of atomic and hydrogen bombs, urging members and all women to sign and aid the committee, and to take part in implementing plans for the all-Indonesia congress suggested by Sukarno. Sh
Indian Daily Mail, 2 Mar 1955 (lead only). Announces the Third Indonesian Women's Congress (Kowani) in Palembang, 2-6 March, attended by 300 members of main committees of women's organisations nationwide; the congress preparatory chairman spoke at a press conference.
Indian Daily Mail (Singapore), 2 March 1955, p. 1: the third Indonesian Women's Congress is held in Palembang, 2-6 March, with 300 delegates of women's organisations. Preparatory committee chair is Mrs S.A. Hanafiah (Gerwani), secretary Mrs R. Mailan (Gerwani), treasurer Mrs Djauhari; Perwari, Gerwani, Wanita Demokrat
Page 2 of the Daily Worker (New York, 26 Apr 1955) with Ralph Parker's 'Bandung Notebook' on the Asian-African Conference: Indonesian hosts, students, land and independence hopes. A separate item reports 27 doctors' protest over Claudia Jones's imprisonment, citing a WIDF report. Indonesian women appear only in a fragm
Soviet Woman, 30 Apr 1955, p. 36 (fragment): 'Visit to Indonesia' by film-makers V. Mikosha and I. Sokolnikov, describing two months filming a documentary in Indonesia. Includes filming the welcome at Jakarta airfield for an Indonesian women's delegation returning from the USSR. Umi Sardjono, listed in metadata, does n
CIA intelligence survey of the PKI's history, structure and front organisations, May 1955, before the September 1955 elections. Section III.E (report pp. 49-50) profiles Gerwani: founded 1950 as Gerwis, renamed Gerwani at the March 1954 congress, 25,000+ members, S.K. Trimurti general chairman and Umi Sardjono chairman
Page 8 of the Daily Worker (New York, 13 May 1955). A short Djakarta dispatch (12 May) reports that the central committee of Perwari, described as Indonesia's largest women's organisation, joined Pakistani women in criticising Prime Minister Mohammed Ali's second marriage, and recalls Perwari's protest the previous yea
Chinese-language transcript (scan, noisy OCR; English translation read) of a conversation between Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao and Eugenie Cotton, WIDF president, 22/23 May 1955 (Wilson Center Digital Archive). They discuss women's role in peace, the planned World Mothers' Congress in Paris, Franco-German reconciliation a
Wilson Center Digital Archive catalogue page (text only, no transcript) for the 23 May 1955 conversation between Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao and WIDF president Eugenie Cotton, from Zhou Enlai Waijiao wenxuan (1990), pp. 140-148. The abstract notes Cotton's pleasure with her China visit, her call to unite women's federati
Sunday Worker, 31 July 1955, p. 11: Federated Press report on the first World Congress of Mothers at Lausanne (7-10 July 1955), more than 1,000 women from 68 countries, which issued a manifesto calling for the defence of children against war and for banning atomic weapons. The OCR is partly garbled and shares the page
Straits Times, 8 Aug 1955, by P. A. van der Poel (lead only). Describes how the Communist organisation is preparing for the 1955 Indonesian elections, winning support through sport, religion and an appeal to 'non-party' people. Matched on Umi Sardjono; lead does not name her.
US State Department Monthly Indonesian Press Survey (HathiTrust, vol. no. 11-21), p. 40, translating Harian Rakjat's 8 Sep 1955 biographies of PKI parliamentary candidates. Mrs Mudigdio (Siti Aminah Nahsjam Marah Umar), born Medan 1904, active in women's organisations from age 14, in Pertindo 1931-34, MP since 1945, an
Umi Sardjono's general report for the Gerwani DPP Executive to the 3rd DPP Plenary (16-19 June 1956), published by DPP Gerwani. Reviews the 1955 election campaign (23,480 new Gerwani workers; five Gerwani members elected, including Umi Sardjono and Salawati), marriage-law and anti-polygamy casework (86 of 115 cases res
US Monthly Indonesian Press Survey (1956) extracts. A list of PKI's 39 parliamentary seats includes Gerwani leaders (Umi Sardjono, Suharti Suwarto, Mudigdio, Sundari Abdurachman, Charlotte Salawati); notes the Central Sumatra Gerwani conference (Bukittinggi, Feb 1956; 14,000 members, 216 sections) and new branches in J