Speech by Suharti (Suwarto) at the PKI Seventh (Extraordinary) Congress, 1962, with a supplementary report on the woman question and party work among women: price rises, rice shortages, price-reduction actions and women's mobilisation.
January 1962 issue opening with a report on Gerwani's Fourth Congress (Dec 1961; 400 delegates), where Sukarno urged it to stay a revolutionary mass movement not a 'ladies movement'; WIDF foreign guests, Mudigdio, Sulami and Sudjinah appear.
Full page 2 of Sinar Harapan, 31 Oct 1962 (noisy OCR, many unrelated items). The Gerwani item reports Jakarta deputy governor Henk Ngantung addressing participants of Gerwani's national training-centre, held for a month in Jakarta with delegations from all Indonesia, urging women to play a positive role in neighbourhoo
January 1963 issue opening with a report on the DPP Gerwani plenum (Jakarta, 6–10 Jan 1963) where Umi Sardjono addressed the international situation and the plenum endorsed the coming WIDF World Congress.
Api Kartini (1963) report by Ratna on the Gerwani DPP Plenary held in Jakarta, 6-10 January 1963, a year after the 4th Congress. Umi Sardjono's general report praised the Irian Barat victory and the end of the state of emergency (1 May 1963), and the plenary resolved to strengthen the Nasakom-based national front, supp
Brochure of Umi Sardjono's report to the Third DPP Plenum (Bandung, early 1964). Reviews domestic and world politics, Gerwani's work on children's education, TK Melati, legal aid and cadres, and argues for 'total integration' with farm-labourer and poor peasant women; notes a break with the WIDF majority.
Umi Sardjono's General Report as DPP Gerwani chair to the 3rd DPP Plenary (Bandung, early 1964; transcribed by Nathanael Pribady). Reviews 1963: Irian Barat, 'Crush Malaysia' confrontation, the 26 May economic regulations, 1,378 TK Melati kindergartens, the WIDF Moscow Congress (Gerwani rejected the programme, attacked
Double issue (Nov–Dec 1964) centred on the DPP Gerwani National Seminar on Housewives, 4–6 Nov 1964 (20 of 23 provinces), classifying housewives by class and consciousness, with addresses by Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio and Rukiah Kertapati.
September 1964 issue built on Sukarno's 17 August 1964 TAVIP speech, Dwikora mobilisation, the 10th Kowani (KWI) congress, Sulami on peasant women and land reform, a West Irian travelogue and Kartinah on a Chinese people's commune.
Api Kartini (1964) publication of the conclusions of the Gerwani National Seminar on Housewives. Four commissions set out positions on solidarity (Vietnam, China's nuclear test), Dwikora and 'crushing Malaysia', landreform and the UUPA/UUPBH, rat-eradication campaign under Aidit and Asmu, anti-corruption demands, a dem
Report (1964) on the opening of the 10th Indonesian Women's Congress (Kowani) at Istora, Jakarta, with extracts of Hurustiati Subandrio's speech and Sukarno's address. Sukarno calls for 'Manipolist' women, a cooperative body uniting women's organisations, and warns against admitting persons linked to subversion or bann
Sinar Harapan, 22 Jan 1964, p. 2. Reports Deputy PM Dr Leimena's written message to the 18-20 January plenary of Gerwani's national leadership (DPP) in Bandung: housewives face food and clothing shortages first-hand, and Gerwani, aware of the causes, should help government programmes. The rest of the page is unrelated
Ministry of Information pamphlet of Sukarno's speech at Gerwani's 15th anniversary rally, Istora Bung Karno, 8 June 1965 (25,000 copies). He appears 'together with Gerwani', endorses Subandrio on Gerwani's leadership of women, and stresses an anti-imperialist Second Afro-Asian Conference.
Berita Yudha, 11 Mei 1966: 'Kongres Wanita Indonesia' (Barindi). Opinion article on the reorganisation of KOWANI after Subandrio's arrest: removal of coordinator Hurustiati Subandrio and the secretary, with a congress planned; accuses Hurustiati of dictating.
Berita Yudha, 11 Juni 1966. Front page: Lt-Gen. Suharto at Perwari's 10th congress, where he is honoured 'Penyelamat Revolusi' and claims 40% of Central Java army units had been infiltrated; Gerwani mentioned.
Muhadjir Darwin's survey (March 2004) of Indonesian women's movements from precolonial heroines through the 1928 Women's Congress, Fujinkai, Kowani and the Sukarno-era polygamy campaign against Hartini, to the New Order. Short historical overview.
Akhiriyati Sundari's second 2016 Jurnal Perempuan essay placing Gerwani in a typology of feminist theory as the most progressive socialist-feminist movement, strongest between its first and second congresses; marks 1965 and the IPT. Interpretive essay.
Undergraduate article (2017) on the twelfth Kowani congress, Jakarta, 6-9 Feb 1961, arguing it tied the women's movement to government policy under Guided Democracy and sidelined polygamy and literacy issues; notes a Perwari-Gerwani split. Mostly general survey.
Historia article (2017) tracing the Indonesian women's federation from the 1928 congress to its capture by the New Order in 1966, framed by Ruth Indiah Rahayu's view that the movement 'died' and was confined to Dharma Wanita and PKK. Popular history.
Ruth Indiah Rahayu's 21 Dec 2017 essay periodising the Indonesian women's movement in six phases from Ethical Policy schooling through nationalism to 'koncowingking' New Order destruction and later revival. Synthetic overview.
Historia article (2018) on the 1953 women's campaign against Government Regulation 19/1952 giving civil-service pensions to all widows of polygynous officials, including the 17 Dec 1953 mass meeting at Deca Park attended by Gerwani and others. Context on the anti-polygamy movement.
2019 history thesis (UNY) by Dimas Dwi Kurnia on Gerwani's role in the West Irian campaign 1950-63: 1951 and 1957 congress resolutions, the 1957 charter with the army-youth body BKSPM, 1960 statement for 710,000 members and the 1962 volunteer call. Key source on Gerwani and West Irian.
Journal article (2019) by Kurnia and Miftahuddin on Gerwani in Trikora 1961-63: Gerwani joined the Front Nasional on 17 Jan 1962 for 1.125 million members, and a delegation led by Sulami offered volunteers. Dated chronicle of Gerwani's West Irian mobilisation.
Historia report (22 Dec 2020) on an online dialogue with Ita Fatia Nadia and Tunggal Pawestri sketching milestones of the Indonesian women's movement from Kartini and early organisations through the 1928 congress. Short popular summary.
Tempo.co explainer (29 Sept 2021) on organisations 'considered affiliated' with the PKI: Gerwani, Lekra, SOBSI, Pemuda Rakjat. It states, citing Wieringa, that Gerwis became Gerwani at its 1954 second congress, electing PKI member Umi Sardjono as chair. Short, background-level.
Tempo feature (2 Oct 2021) on how Umi Sardjono led Gerwani: Marx House courses, the 1945 Barisan Buruh Wanita with S.K. Trimurti, Gerwis founded at Semarang (3-6 June 1950, Tris Metty chair), Umi chair from 1954 when it became Gerwani. Cites 650,000 members and 179 kindergartens at the 1957 Solo congress, WIDF links, s