Article by Kukilowarsi (1959) for 17 August, recalling women's roles in the Indonesian revolution: 1926 rebels and Digul exiles, anti-Japanese resistance, women's guerrilla brigades, Red Cross and kitchens, and stories of Suparmi and a mother fighter. It cites the first women's congress of 1928, the 1955 vote, and dema
Api Kartini (Aug-Sept 1960) report on the 15th anniversary of the August Revolution: summarises Sukarno's 17 August address to the DPR-GR plenary and speech (Manipol-USDEK, unity of Nasakom groups, landreform, retooling, firm line on Irian Barat). Also prints editorial replies to readers in Lombok and Central Java. Con
Api Kartini (mid-1961) report on the exhibition at Gerwani's 10th anniversary (from 5 June 1961), with an interview of chair Umi Sardjono on Gerwani's history. Founded 4 June 1951 (first congress Surabaya, 17-22 Dec 1951), 185 branches, membership from 6,000 to 710,000, 326 kindergartens, 23,000 election workers; six m
Tempo.co profile (2 Oct 2015, by Bobby Chandra) of Putmainah, 77, former Gerwani chair and PKI faction member of the Blitar DPRD, now stroke-afflicted in Pakisrejo, Srengat. Her husband Subandi, Blitar Front Nasional and DPRD head, was killed after a PKI congress; she fled into the forest with seven children. Once a re
Tempo.co obituary (25 May 2016, Abdul Djalil Hakim) of Putmainah, 90, former Blitar Gerwani chair and DPRD-GR member for the PKI faction, called the last Gerwani branch head. It covers her family background (father a Red Sarekat Islam leader killed at Madiun 1948), ties to Sukarno's family, and mourners including a Ban
Tempo feature (2 Oct 2021, Hussein Abri and Stefanus Pramono) on Umi Sardjono's legislative career: Konstituante (1955) and DPR-GR (1959-65). She pushed immigration reform (no spousal permission), a marriage law banning polygamy with minimum age 21 (opposed by Aisyiyah, Muslimat NU), the 1960 agrarian law for women far