Bali Post, 12 May 2000, p. 10 and 'Aspirasi': victim of the 27 July 1996 PDI attack says police forced her to strip because officers were convinced she was a 'former Gerwani'; Gerwani as an accusation against women.
Algemeen Dagblad (2000-05-27, Nina Eberlijn, Jakarta): Human Rights Minister Hasballah Saad discusses the near-impossibility of prosecuting Suharto-era abuses and a South African-style truth commission; Kontras cites ~16,000 missing. Sulami, jailed 20 years as a Gerwani activist, says reconciliation needs victims' test
Sulami's 33-page booklet (Cipta Lestari, March 2001) retelling Kartini's life as a socialist, anti-colonial genealogy for women, then tracing women's organisations and the 1965 destruction of Gerwani. A former Gerwani leader's historical-political reflection.
IISG portrait photograph of Sudjinah (no. 1 of 3, dated 2001, collection Ibu Sudjina): colour photograph of an elderly grey-haired woman seated at a table with a microphone, plants behind. Sudjinah is identified only by the file title; useful as visual documentation of a Gerwani leader later in life.
IISG portrait photograph of Sudjinah (no. 2 of 3, dated 2001, collection Ibu Sudjina): colour snapshot of an elderly woman in a brown blouse and white skirt on a garden path. Sudjinah is identified only by the file title; useful as visual documentation of a Gerwani leader later in life.
IISG portrait photograph of Sudjinah (no. 3 of 3, dated 2001, collection Ibu Sudjina): black-and-white head-and-shoulders portrait of an elderly woman with glasses in a white blouse. Sudjinah is identified only by the file title; useful as visual documentation of a Gerwani leader later in life.
Bali Post, 16 Feb 2001, p. 14: a radio caller opposes stamping sex workers by recalling that in the G30S period 'Gerwani women were stamped' though innocent.
Waspada (Medan), 2 June 2001, p. 4: essay on abuses on North Sumatran plantations, observing that after 1965 estate women were 'ceaselessly shadowed by the stigma of Gerwani'.
December 2002 LPKP-65 memorial booklet for Sulami (1926-2002), former Gerwani leader and YPKP 1965/66 chair, with her biography (arrested 1967, 20-year sentence, released 1984) and documents on exhumations, letters to Komnas HAM and forensic work.
2002 Seri Kartini booklet bundling W.F. Wertheim's review of Saskia Wieringa's Gerwani dissertation (Gerwani's puritan sexual politics, army fabrication of Lubang Buaya), a DPP Gerwani statement of 4 June 1962, Sulami's preface and poem, and a memoir of 1945. Survivors' reissue of key Gerwani texts.
Bali Post, 11 Aug 2002, p. 10: short story 'Ngaben' about a PKI activist's family fleeing the 1965–66 Bali killings; the father knew of the plans 'from the stories of the Gerwani women'.
Waspada, 7 Oct 2002, p. 11: feature on the 1 Oct 2002 commemoration at the Sudjono monument in Bandarbetsy, retelling the 1965 killing of Peltu Sudjono by BTI squatters joined by Pemuda Rakyat, Gerwani and Lekra who 'sang and danced'.
Analisa (Medan), 19 Aug 2003, p. 2: death-row shaman Ahmad Suradji says the place he showed where bodies were found is the 'place of slaughter of Gerwani'; an incidental, erased-history reference.
Annie Pohlman's 2004 article on what happened to Gerwani women and other tapol at arrest, trial, detention and release, using Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs and interviews; notes no woman arrested over Lubang Buaya was ever tried for it. Early study of women prisoners.
Komnas Perempuan's 2007 report on gender-based crimes against humanity in 1965: 122 testimonies, an account of Gerwani's history and the 1965 press campaign behind the Lubang Buaya slander, and catalogue of rape, sexual slavery, detention and Buru. Key official source on women's experience.
McGregor and Hearman (2007) read Gerwani leaders Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs as political rehabilitation: distancing from the PKI, rebutting the Lubang Buaya slander, socialist critique and claims to citizenship. Key scholarly analysis of survivor memoirs.
Agung Ayu Ratih's review (2007) of Elizabeth Martyn's book on the postcolonial women's movement, welcoming its recovery of 1950s activism as complementing Wieringa and confirming that Gerwani's destruction meant women's political retrenchment, with sharp critique of the core argument.
McGregor and Hearman's 2007 article reading Sulami's and Sudjinah's memoirs as political rehabilitation: both arrested 1967, tried 1975 for subversion; they distance Gerwani from the PKI and answer the sexual slander. Second copy of the paper (South East Asia Research).
TAPOL Bulletin no. 186 (April 2007). A feature (p. 19) notes Sulami's exhumation campaign and that Gerwani, before 1965 'the most active women's organisation', was banned and its members singled out. A review (pp. 21-24) of the book Kembang-kembang Genjer (foreword by Saskia Wieringa) summarises Sumilah, Tami (Njoto's
Anonymous 2009 hip-hop version (4:33, MP3) of 'Genjer-genjer', the Banyuwangi folk song by Muhammad Arief that became associated with the PKI/Gerwani milieu and was banned under the New Order. Shows the song's afterlife in contemporary youth culture. Description only; no lyrics transcribed.
Katharine McGregor's 2009 article on NU's support for the 1965-66 killings (e.g. its 5 Oct 1965 call to ban the PKI, Gerwani and others), their celebration under the New Order and Syarikat's post-1998 reconciliation work. Context on religious-organisation role.
Free-verse poem 'Aku Seorang Gerwani' by Omie Lubis (IndoPROGRESS, 5 May 2009): a Gerwani woman's monologue to her child born of rape, describing forced nakedness and forced 'painting of history', ending as a testament to truth and justice. Literary representation.
Okezone feature (1 Oct 2011) on Putmainah, then 83, former Gerwani chair for Blitar Regency and PKI legislator, covering her Islamic and leftist family background, Pesindo past, flight after the 1965 coup and later life. Biographical testimony of a regional Gerwani leader.
Lilik HS's IndoPROGRESS obituary of Umi Sardjono (born Suharti Sumodiwiryo, Gerwani chair 1954-65, d. 11 March 2011): her funeral at Matraman, a visit to the Waluya Sejati elderly home founded on Sulami's initiative, and former leaders' memories. Literary-journalistic portrait.
Tempo review (31 Jan 2011) of 'Tjap Merah', a dance piece by Yosep Prihantoro Sadsuitubun (grandson of K.S. Tubun) at GoetheHaus, Jakarta, closing the exhibition 'Indonesia and the World 1959-1966'. It stages the stigma on Gerwani women (Lubang Buaya dancing and castration myth, 'ET' label, Genjer-genjer); he says most
Anett Keller's 2012 reportage (südostasien, German) on Lestari, an 80-year-old Gerwani co-founder in a Jakarta house of ex-prisoners: Gerwani's literacy and kindergarten work, her husband a PKI East Java leader, flight, arrest in Malang, 1979 release and life as an 'ET' domestic worker. Life-history portrait.
PhD dissertation (University of Michigan, 2012) by Andrew Conroe: an ethnography of former political prisoners (eks-tapol) and their children and grandchildren in Yogyakarta, centred on the group Fopperham, on memory, silence and uncertain family histories. Gerwani appears through family accounts and events: Bu Marni,
Tempo piece (1 Oct 2012) on conditions of 1965 political prisoners in Jakarta: torture and tiny rations at Cipinang, Salemba, Kalong HQ and Bukit Duri, with testimony of Eko Wardoyo, Bedjo Untung, Jawito. Includes Gerwani member and journalist Sri Sukatno, jailed years at Bukit Duri, describing electric torture at 'Gan
Tempo report (1 Oct 2012) on the Plantungan camp (Kendal) for women Group B political prisoners, opened 1971 in a former leprosarium. Names Gerwani activists and others held there: Sumiyarsi Siwirini ('Lubang Buaya doctor'), Siti Suratih, Mia Bustam, Pujiati, C.H. Sumarmiyati, Mujiati. Covers conditions, 'santi aji' in
Tempo piece (1 Oct 2012) on how Joshua Oppenheimer met perpetrators, from Matapao plantation workers to Anwar Congo and the Pasukan Kodok / Pemuda Pancasila in Medan. It cites Amir Hasan's pamphlet 'Embun Berdarah' on Teluk Mengkudu, which lists 702 PKI-linked villagers by affiliation, including Gerwani, and records an