People's Representation accepts draft constitution of unitary state
Nieuwe Courant, 15 August 1950: the RIS people's representation adopts the draft provisional constitution of the unitary state by 90 to 18. Opponents include PKI members and leftists, among them Mrs Mudigdo (Partai Sosialis) and Miss Suwarti (SOBSI). Ngadiman Hardjosubroto sets out the PKI's five-point rejection. No Ge
CIA-held copy of the joint SOBSI publication, 17 August 1950 (Bangun, Tenaga, Pekerja, Buruh)
CIA-held copy of a joint SOBSI publication of 17 August 1950 (Independence Day issue of the labour magazines Bangun, Tenaga, Pekerja and Buruh), in Indonesian, issued by the SOBSI Information Bureau. It contains union and anti-imperialist articles, an item on prostitution in Tanjung Priok, appeals for WFTU unity and re
Day of mourning?
Short item, Indische Courant voor Nederland, 19 Aug 1950: Sobsi, Rukun Tani Indonesia, youth bodies and the women's organisation Gerwis form a 'People's Committee for the Commemoration of the Proclamation 1945' protesting their exclusion from the official committee, and call 17 Aug 1950 a day of mourning for a unitary
Guerrillas want to form brigade
Algemeen Indisch Dagblad (1950-08-24, p. 1): MP Andi Lolo says the guerrilla question cannot be solved in Makassar; guerrilla leaders propose a separate APRIS 'Brigade Hasanudin'. Mrs. Salawati Daud, delegate of the South Celebes Council, has come from Makassar to Jakarta to talk with the President and Defence Minister
Guerrilla question in Celebes demands quick solution
Aneta report in De Vrije Pers (24 Aug 1950) on the unresolved guerrilla question in Sulawesi: the guerrilla leadership proposed a "Hasanuddin Brigade" within APRIS. Mrs. Salawati Daud arrived in Jakarta as delegate of the South Sulawesi Council to present a motion to Sukarno and the defence minister urging a commission
Salawati Daud arrives in Jakarta on the guerrilla question
Short item, Java-Bode, 24 Aug 1950, p. 1: Salawati Daud arrives in Jakarta as delegate of the South Sulawesi council to ask Sukarno and the defence minister to incorporate the guerrillas into APRIS and to set up a commission to study their proposals.
Talks (Salawati Daud in Jakarta on the guerrilla problem)
Het Nieuwsblad voor Sumatra (28 Aug 1950, p.2): Mrs Salawati Daud, delegate of the South Sulawesi council, arrives in Jakarta to meet Sukarno and the defence minister over the guerrilla problem, presenting a motion of the Dewan Pemerintah Sulawesi Selatan. The motion argues guerrillas and APRI share ideals and asks for
President Sukarno asked to decide
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 30 Aug 1950, p. 3: South Sulawesi guerrilla question. MP Andi Lolo says no local solution remains; Salawati Daud arrives in Jakarta as delegate of the South Sulawesi council to ask Sukarno and the defence minister to incorporate the guerrillas into the APRI as 'Brigade Hasanuddin'.
FBIS, 31 August 1950: South Celebes
One-line FBIS item (31 Aug 1950): Mrs Salawati Daud, sent to Jakarta by the Good Services Committee to resolve the guerrilla-army controversy in South Celebes, left for Makassar on 31 August. Shows her mediation role in 1950.
FBIS, 7 September 1950: Committee returns from Jakarta mission
FBIS-monitored Makassar report (7 Sep 1950): the Good Offices Committee delegation, chaired by Mrs Salawati Daud, returned from Jakarta, having met Sukarno, defence officials and the parliamentary chair on the guerrilla-army issue. She expressed confidence in a settlement; parliamentary observers were promised for Sout
Explanation requested: death sentences in the Madiun affair
Nieuwe Courant, 26 September 1950: correspondent's report that the Madiun rebel leaders (Amir Sjarifuddin, Suripno and others) were shot on 20 December 1948 and buried in a mass grave near Solo, with no official detail given. MP Mrs Mudigdo champions the relatives, with Mrs Mangku and Mrs Oei Gee Hwat, to demand from p
Nieuwe Courant, 26 September 1950 (page): Madiun death sentences
Whole-page OCR of Nieuwe Courant, 26 September 1950. Relevant item: the report that MP Mrs Mudigdo, with Mrs Mangku and Mrs Oei Gee Hwat, seeks an official account of the 1948 executions of the Madiun rebel leaders. The rest covers an editorial against liquidating foreign capital, the Sarbupri minimum-wage motion, a co
'We do not pay the bill'
De Locomotief, 6 Oct 1950: Semarang forms an action committee against the Aniem electricity tariff rise, representing 38 organisations, chaired by Dr Rustamadji of the Partai Rakjat. Gerwis sits on the committee alongside Partai Rakjat and the youth front; it was decided to send two delegates to Jakarta and not to pay
Delegates to World Peace Congress
Nieuwe Courant, 3 November 1950: conference of the Committee for World Peace in Yogyakarta, attended by branches and representatives of Kowani, Gerwis, Front Pemuda Indonesia, BTI, Sobsi, Pesindo and others. It endorsed the Prague appeal, proposals for the London congress (five-power peace, Dutch army withdrawal, no fo
'World Peace' (peace conference in Yogyakarta)
Het Nieuwsblad voor Sumatra (4 Nov 1950, p.2): a World Peace Committee conference in Yogyakarta approved the Prague appeal, proposed demands for the Nederlandse army's withdrawal from Indonesia and an end to foreign interference (Irian, Moluccas) for a London congress, and reported 180,000 signatures. Delegates include
FBIS, 13 November 1950: Women's federation (Kowani and WIDF delegates)
FBIS note (13 Nov 1950): the Kowani executive reports that three WIDF delegates (Shen Chi-shu, Chen Ke, Chi Yun) would leave Peking on 16 Nov to attend the Kowani Congress, 24-26 Nov; Kowani is described as a WIDF member. Shows WIDF links with Indonesia's women's federation shortly after the Sept 1950 founding of Gerwi
Shen Zijiu and others to represent WIDF at Indonesian women's congress (Renmin Ribao, 20 November 1950)
Short Xinhua item in Renmin Ribao, 20 Nov 1950 (p. 4): Shen Zijiu, Zeng Ke and Qi Yun of the All-China Democratic Women's Federation, with secretary Zhou Shumin, leave Beijing on 17 Nov as WIDF representatives to attend the All-Indonesian Women's Congress to open in Jakarta on 24 Nov. Early evidence of WIDF links to In
Shen Zijiu and others to represent WIDF at Indonesian women's congress (Renmin Ribao, 20 November 1950)
Short Xinhua item in Renmin Ribao, 20 Nov 1950 (p. 4): Shen Zijiu, Zeng Ke and Qi Yun of the All-China Democratic Women's Federation, with secretary Zhou Shumin, leave Beijing on 17 Nov as WIDF representatives to attend the All-Indonesian Women's Congress to open in Jakarta on 24 Nov. Early evidence of WIDF links to In
Fifth Women's Congress opened in Jakarta (KOWANI)
Het Nieuwsblad voor Sumatra (28 Nov 1950, p.2): the KOWANI 5th women's congress opens in Jakarta with about 200 delegates; Mrs Pudjobuntoro says the struggle continues until Irian returns. Preliminary papers: Miss Soesilowati on elections and women in parliament, Mr Nani Suwondo on marriage, Miss Suwarti on labour and
FBIS, 29 November 1950: Women's Congress (Kowani)
FBIS item (29 Nov 1950): the Kowani congress ended on 28 Nov and set up an all-Indonesia federation of women's organisations called the Indonesian Women's Congress. Secretariat headed by Dr Maria Ulfah Santoso (OCR: Marta Ulfan). Programme: Pancasila basis, full independence, equal rights for women, peace, and pressure
Merdeka, 18 December 1950: Irian Action Unity Committee formed
Merdeka, 18 Dec 1950, p. 2: report on the 15 Dec 1950 formation of the Komite Kesatuan Aksi Irian by the Badan Perjuangan Irian and 15 parties and workers', youth and women's organisations including Gerwis, alongside Bung Tomo's boycott of Dutch goods.
Law No. 1 of 1951 Extending the 1948 Labour Law to All Indonesia
Text of Law No. 1 of 1951, signed by Sukarno on 6 January 1951, extending the 1948 Labour Law (No. 12) to all of Indonesia. It limits children's and youths' work and bars women from night work, mines and hazardous jobs. It grants women paid rest on the first two days of menstruation, 1.5 months before and after childbi
CIA report, 30 April 1951: Women communists in Indonesia
CIA report, 30 April 1951, on 'Women Communists in Indonesia': Chinese and Indonesian women's links, the Stockholm peace appeal, and Gerwis chair 'Sri Mangunsarkoro' protesting France's ban on the WIDF. Early foreign surveillance of Gerwis's WIDF ties.
CIA report, 26 February 1951: Estimate of the current economic situation in Indonesia
CIA report, 26 February 1951, on alleged communist-directed strike sabotage in Indonesia via SOBSI and WFTU. Gerwani-relevant only for naming a batik workers' union organised by Mrs Trimurti.
Indonesia refuses visas, Chinese women's delegation returns to Beijing (Renmin Ribao, 6 January 1951)
Renmin Ribao, 6 Jan 1951 (p. 4): the Chinese women's delegation (Shen Zijiu, Zeng Ke, Qi Yun) sent for the WIDF to the All-Indonesian Women's Congress could not attend because the Indonesian government refused entry visas despite repeated negotiations with the Indonesian consul in Hong Kong. They reported to WIDF and r
Indonesia refuses visas, Chinese women's delegation returns to Beijing (Renmin Ribao, 6 January 1951)
Renmin Ribao, 6 Jan 1951 (p. 4): the Chinese women's delegation (Shen Zijiu, Zeng Ke, Qi Yun) sent for the WIDF to the All-Indonesian Women's Congress could not attend because the Indonesian government refused entry visas despite repeated negotiations with the Indonesian consul in Hong Kong. They reported to WIDF and r
Merdeka, 8 January 1951: Lapangan Banteng rally demands annulment of the KMB
Merdeka, 8 Jan 1951, p. 1: mass rally at Lapangan Banteng demanding annulment of the KMB agreements, where the Gerwis speaker argued for annulment through its effects on women, citing mass dismissals.
FBIS, 25 January 1951: Indonesia backs Peace Congress ideals (Warsaw)
FBIS-monitored Moscow Radio text (25 Jan 1951) of a speech by an Indonesian member of the World Peace Council (name garbled), chairing the Indonesian delegation to the Warsaw Peace Congress. Describes the Indonesian Peace Committee (Yogyakarta, June 1950), the Stockholm Appeal signatures, and urges non-democratic Indon
Merdeka, 10 March 1951: 'Gelanggang Wanita' women's column
Merdeka, 10 Mar 1951, p. 3: women's column reporting that Jakarta's International Women's Day on 8 March 1951 was not commemorated by Indonesian groups for lack of Kowani consensus, while 1,500 Chinese women met with Ny. Aidit of Gerwis present.
Merdeka, 6 April 1951: Batik Workers' Union conference
Merdeka, 6 Apr 1951, p. 2: Serikat Buruh Batik conference on fusion with the textile union; Gerwis listed among the guests and those who gave greetings, with SOBSI and MPs Werdojo and Pardede.