Whole scrambled page of De Locomotief, 30 Nov 1955, with the fullest text of Gerwani's four-point marriage programme for the Constituante: no coercion, abolition of child, forced and purchase marriages and mistresses, polygamy forbidden in principle, divorce open to both sexes before a court and support for divorced wo
Short De Nieuwsgier item (30 Nov 1955): Gerwani, via board member Maria Ulfa Santoso, publicly condemned a planned "Bunga Indonesia" beauty contest by Gadjah Mada University students in Yogyakarta; student representatives were to travel to Jakarta to talk with the Gerwani board.
Short De Nieuwsgier list (24 Dec 1955) of Universitas Indonesia medical students who passed examinations; "Mrs. Soetanti Aidit" passed the doctor's exam A1 (first part). Soetanti was D.N. Aidit's wife; Gerwani is not mentioned.
Algemeen Indisch Dagblad (1955-12-27, p. 2): the communist parliamentary faction (Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs. Suwarti, Achmad Sumadi, Sujono, S. Utarjo) submits a written interpellation on foreign capital investment, arguing the RTC agreements restored monopoly capital, citing colonial-era profits, and asking eight detaile
De Locomotief, 27 Dec 1955: list of passes in Jakarta medical faculty examinations; 'Miss Soetanti Aidit' passed the first part of her exam. Gerwani is not mentioned and the item does not state she is D.N. Aidit's relative.
Java-Bode, 28 December 1955, p. 2: short item that PKI parliamentary members Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs Suwarti, Achmad Sumadi, Sudjono and S. Utarjo submitted a written interpellation request on foreign capital investment policy. Mrs Suwarti is the only female PKI member named; no Gerwani content.
De Nieuwsgier item (5 Jan 1956) on a Gerwani statement about Fatmawati Sukarno's divorce request: Gerwani calls it a private matter, defends free democratic marriage, regrets that certain parties exploited it to undermine national unity and the president's name, and uses it to demand a democratic marriage law.
Java-Bode, 5 January 1956, p. 2: Gerwani general chair Umi Sardjono tells the press Gerwani regrets that certain groups have systematically pressed Fatmawati Sukarno to seek divorce, serving colonial aims of splitting national unity and besmirching the president. She calls the divorce a private matter and says Gerwani
Whole-page OCR of Java-Bode, 5 January 1956, p. 2. Gerwani-relevant is Umi Sardjono's statement on Fatmawati's divorce request, urging a democratic marriage law, plus press reports on Fatmawati, Hartini and women leaders' reactions to a president with two wives. Other articles (Colonel Lubis on security, Ceramese ex-KN
One-sentence item, Indische Courant voor Nederland, 7 Jan 1956, p. 1: PKI faction MPs Sakirman, Tjugito, Mrs Suwarti, Achmad Sumadi, Sudjono and S. Utarjo file a written interpellation request on foreign capital investment policy. Mrs Suwarti's identity as a Gerwani member is not stated.
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 14 Jan 1956, p. 1: Gerwani chair Umi Sardjono tells the press that groups are pressing Fatmawati Sukarno to seek divorce for political ends, calls it a private matter, upholds marriage without compulsion and demands a democratic marriage law. Also repeats press reports on Fatmawati, Har
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 18 Feb 1956, p. 2: parliamentary debate on bills creating autonomous regions in Central Sumatra and on Emergency Law No. 7. Mrs Suwarti (PKI) argues the present parliament, no longer supported by the people, should be replaced before such a law is discussed. Her Gerwani affiliation is n
Algemeen Indisch Dagblad (1956-03-02, p. 2): list of PKI candidates by electoral district across East Java, Central Java, West Java, Greater Jakarta and Sumatra. It includes women: Umi Sardjono (Mrs. Sukisman), Suharti Suwarto (Solo), Mudigdio (Siti Aminah Mochsjam, Jakarta), Sundari Abdulrachman (Semarang), Salawati D
De Nieuwsgier item (7 Mar 1956): after Dutch parliamentary reports on making West Irian a Dutch territory, the West Irian Liberation Action Committee, in a letter signed by Mrs. Sudarman, Umi Sardjono and Mrs. Sutedjo, urged the Volkskongres to press for a provincial administration for West Irian and handed over Rp 1,3
Java-Bode, 12 March 1956, p. 1: report on US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles's arrival at Kemajoran airport, Jakarta. Demonstrators shouted 'Abolish SEATO' and a 25-year-old woman, Samsia, a member of Gerwani (called communist-minded), threw a red pamphlet into his car and was detained by police.
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 12 March 1956: short item on the Jakarta airport demonstration against Dulles, where about two dozen Indonesians shouted 'Abolish SEATO' and a young woman of the left-leaning Gerwani threw a paper at his car and was detained.
Algemeen Indisch Dagblad (1956-03-13, p. 1): US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles arrives in Jakarta; a score of demonstrators shout 'Hapuskan SEATO'. A 25-year-old woman, Samsia, a member of Gerwani ('a communist-minded women's organisation'), threw a red anti-SEATO pamphlet into his car and was arrested for quest
Short Algemeen Indisch Dagblad item (1956-03-13, p. 1): the Gerwani central board issues a statement objecting to John Foster Dulles's visit, his interference and his push for Indonesia to join SEATO, which it says contradicts the Bandung (Afro-Asian) Conference decisions on peace and friendship.
Arnhemsche Courant, 13 Mar 1956 (UP-Reuters): John Foster Dulles visits Sukarno in Jakarta and informally offers economic aid. A young woman of Gerwani among about two dozen protesters shouting 'Abolish SEATO' threw a piece of paper at his car and was detained for questioning.
Java-Bode, 13 March 1956, p. 1: before John Foster Dulles's Jakarta visit, the Gerwani central board issued a statement objecting to the visit, to his interference in Indonesia's internal affairs and to his pressure on Indonesia to join SEATO, after studying US interventionism in Latin America and Asia.
Nieuwe Tilburgsche Courant, 13 March 1956: report on US Secretary of State Dulles's visit to Jakarta, where about two dozen demonstrators shouted 'Abolish SEATO' and a young woman of the left-leaning Gerwani threw a paper at his car and was detained for questioning. Dulles also met Sukarno, discussed New Guinea and off
Nieuwsblad van het Zuiden, 13 March 1956: report on Dulles's arrival in Jakarta (no Dutch high commissioner present), his statement, and an airport incident in which a young Gerwani woman threw a paper at his car and was detained. Also Sukarno's accepted invitation to the US and discussion of New Guinea and economic ai
Nijmeegsch Dagblad (13 Mar 1956) on John Foster Dulles's brief Jakarta visit and offer of economic aid. A young woman belonging to Gerwani, among about two dozen demonstrators shouting 'Abolish SEATO', threw a piece of paper at his car and was detained for questioning.
Java-Bode, 15 March 1956, p. 2: installation of the new film censorship committee (chair Maria Ulfah Santoso) and film council at the education ministry. Among some thirty censorship members is Setiati Soerasto (Surasto), a figure from the 1953 Copenhagen delegation; the item gives no Gerwani affiliation or comment.
De Nieuwsgier report (19 Mar 1956) on Sukarno's return to Kemajoran airport, where PKI supporters, communist veterans and the "communist women's organisation Gerwani" demanded PKI inclusion in Ali Sastroamidjojo's cabinet. Sukarno urged calm; Gerwani appears only among the crowd with banners.
Indische Courant voor Nederland, 22 Mar 1956, p. 2: installation of the new Film Censorship Committee (chair Maria Ulfah Santoso) and Film Council; Setiati Surasto and S. Kartowijono are listed among the committee's members.
Java-Bode, 4 April 1956, p. 2: handover of parliament's chair to Mr Sartono. A letter announces the new 'Pembangunan' faction (chairs Suprapto and Abdulhajat; secretary Hartojo) whose members include Umi Sardjono; the paper notes it consists of persons nominated by the PKI in the general elections.
Java-Bode, 16 April 1956, p. 2: Masjumi's Dr Ali Akbar, in the cabinet debate, says PKI leader Lukman's call for Masjumi cooperation lost credibility after attacks by 'Mrs Salawati of the PKI faction'. He asks Sakirman about the true intent and proposes a council for moral protection in medicine.
Java-Bode, 16 April 1956, p. 2: parliamentary debate on the government programme and abolition of the RTC agreements, with Sakirman (PKI), Prawoto and others. Umi Sardjono of the Pembangunan faction spoke on the lot of Indonesian women, still unprotected by marriage legislation.
Short Algemeen Indisch Dagblad item (1956-04-17, p. 2): Umi Sardjono, MP of the Pembangun faction, speaks in parliament on the lot of Indonesian women, who lack marriage legislation protection, and appeals for national marriage legislation in the short term.