Neues Deutschland, 10 Jan 1985, p. 5: Two more states ratified convention against discrimination of women
Neues Deutschland, 10 January 1985, p. 5: ADN news item from New York reporting that Indonesia and Jamaica have ratified the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, bringing ratifications to 63, including all socialist states; the USA, Britain and West Germany had not joined. Brie
Neues Deutschland, 23 Jan 1985, p. 6: Convention against discrimination of women
Neues Deutschland, 23 January 1985, p. 6 (Außenpolitik): short commentary by Dietrich Sow[...] 'Konvention gegen Diskriminierung der Frauen'. After Indonesia and Jamaica joined, the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women has been ratified by 63 states. It credits the USSR with the
Neue Zeit, 24 Jul 1985, p. 6: In future there will be more women than men
Neue Zeit, 24 July 1985, p. 6. ADN report 'Künftig gibt es mehr Frauen als Männer' on the UN report on world population: women will outnumber men by 175 million by the end of the next century. Indonesia is a one-sentence example: according to the UN report, Indonesian women have a working day 20 percent longer than men
People's Daily World, 4 November 1986: Indonesia executes communists
People's Daily World, 4 Nov 1986, p. 7-A: short item on worldwide protests against the execution of nine Communist political prisoners in Indonesia under Suharto, several jailed for years; a PKI representative links the executions to the 45% rupiah devaluation. Readers urged to write to Suharto. Surrounded by Haiti and
Former Golkar Official Linked to PKI (FBIS, 22 Oct 1988)
FBIS item (AFP via Hong Kong, 22 Oct 1988): security forces accused Akhmad Syabrun Caropeboka, 56, former South Sumatra Golkar treasurer, of past links to the banned PKI, hiding past membership of a PKI-related organisation. Other Golkar officials were similarly accused that year. Gerwani is not named; the listed perso
Neues Deutschland, 21 Apr 1990, p. 11: Everyday life on the women's island
Neues Deutschland, 21/22 April 1990, p. 11 (Reportage): "Alltag auf der Fraueninsel" by Lothar Pilz on Bawean, a small Indonesian island nicknamed "Amazonica" because, with most men migrating to Java, Singapore and Malaysia for work, women outnumber men three or four to one and run daily life. It cites Indonesian journ
Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: Shurygin, 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' (full page)
Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: full page with V. Shurygin's (Pravda-TASS) article 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago', a Soviet correspondent's retrospective on the 1965 coup, Sukarno's choice at Halim, up to 500,000 communists killed, and slander-driven anti-communist propaganda. Gerwani appears once, listed
Destruction of the Indonesian Communist Party: East Java and Bali compared (Sudjatmiko, 1992)
Iwan Gardono Sudjatmiko's 1992 Harvard sociology PhD thesis compares East Java and Bali to explain the PKI's destruction after 1965, arguing that it followed from the party's 1963 revolutionary strategy and that violence depended on public figures, army units and PKI size. It covers mobilisation, land reform and local
Neue Zeit, 13 Aug 1993, p. 5: Admission of war guilt
Neue Zeit, 13 August 1993, p. 5: report 'Bekenntnis zur Kriegsschuld' on Japan's new coalition seeking to apologise to neighbouring states. It recalls that up to 200,000 women from Korea, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines were forced into army brothels (so-called 'comfort women') between 1930 and 1
New Party Vows to 'Reform' Political System (FBIS, 30 May 1996)
FBIS item (Jakarta Post, 30 May 1996): Sri Bintang Pamungkas announced the new Indonesian Democratic Union Party (PUDI) in defiance of the 1985 law, which recognises only three parties. S.K. Trimurti and Adnan Buyung Nasution attended but were not in the leadership line-up. Gerwani is not named.
Chaos at Crocodile Hole (The Guardian, 23 May 1998)
The Guardian, 23 May 1998, p.24, Martin Woollacott, 'Chaos at Crocodile Hole': comment on Suharto's fall, arguing it is no triumph and that his legacy of division (military vs Islamists, rich vs poor, ethnic and religious tensions) leaves the country fragile. It opens with the Crocodile Hole (Lubang Buaya) shrine, whos
Tempo, 1 October 2007: Aidit's face on celluloid
Tempo feature (1 Oct 2007) on how D.N. Aidit was portrayed in the New Order film Pengkhianatan G-30-S/PKI, via interviews with Syu'bah Asa, Danarto, Amarzan Ismail Hamid and Jajang C. Noer. Notes thin research and an invented chain-smoking Aidit; context for film propaganda.
The last night: after the headlights went out (Aidit's last night at home, Tempo, 2007)
Tempo piece (1 October 2007) reconstructing D.N. Aidit's last night at home, 30 September 1965, from his son Ilham and brother Murad. His wife Dr Soetanti Aidit angrily quarrels with him and urges him not to leave; he goes anyway. The article sets out the contested versions of where he went that night. Soetanti appears
Tempo, 29 August 2011: 'I am proud to be an executioner' (Aceh caning)
Tempo first-person piece (29 Aug 2011) by an anonymous 38-year-old caning executioner in Aceh Tamiang describing his role under sharia qanun. It is unrelated to 1965 or Gerwani; apparently scraped with the 'algojo' series.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: AM - 'We never buried them...' (Ansor member's testimony)
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of 'AM', 70, a former Ansor/Banser member who took part in night-time 'drop-dropan' killings of village-level PKI leaders in Badas and Pare (Jombang-Kediri), Oct-Nov 1965. He says he felt no pity and left bodies unburied, justifying his hatred by PKI land reform actions. Gerwani is not ment
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Bangsawan Karaeng Lira - 'Crushing one's own family'
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of Bangsawan Karaeng Lira, 72, who led the mob that destroyed the BTI leader's house in Bontolanrang, Takalar (South Sulawesi), in late 1965. Describes forced labour (irrigation, roads) by detained PKI/BTI members, with a BTI survivor, Kamaruddin Bella, who lost relatives. Gerwani not menti
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Bapa Tengkorak - 'Even family had to be killed'
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of 'Bapa Tengkorak', a Maumere prisoner recruited by Kodim 1603 as executioner and sent to behead suspected PKI at Wairita and other Sikka villages, Feb-May 1966; victims included his relatives, and the commander recorded the numbers. Paid Rp 150,000 and rice, then freed. Gerwani not mentio
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Burhan Zainuddin Rusjiman - 'I had a licence to kill'
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of Burhan Zainuddin Rusjiman, 72, 'Burhan Kampak', a former HMI/KAMI/Laskar Ampera member in Yogyakarta given a pistol and 'license to kill' from Nov 1965, who hunted PKI with Kostrad/RPKAD in Yogyakarta, Gunungkidul and Klaten. Motivated by anti-communism and CGMI conflict; Gerwani not men
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Chambali - 'He recited the creed fluently...'
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of Chambali, 70, former Banser chief of Rengel, Tuban, who describes beheading PKI members at Jurang Watu Rongko in 1965-66 on lists from the district office and military, encouraged by NU leader Kiai Murtadji. Recalls sparing one man who recited the creed. Tempo adds a note on the ravine's
Tempo, 1 October 2012: From the rice warehouse to the banana grove (Grobogan massacre)
Tempo reconstruction (1 Oct 2012) of army-directed killings of PKI members in Grobogan/Purwodadi, 1967-68 (Operasi Kikis), centred on a rice-warehouse detention camp at Kuwu. Draws on Poncke Princen's 1969 exposure, Henk Kolb's list of mass graves, Hanra Inti militia and Kodam Diponegoro intelligence figures. Gerwani i
Tempo, 1 October 2012: From the confessions of 1965 executioners
Tempo column (1 Oct 2012) arguing that reconciliation must start from perpetrators' confession. Discusses victim-count disputes (78,000 to 3 million), The Act of Killing and Anwar Congo, Gus Dur's apology versus NU refusals, the Palu mayor's apology, and calls for lifting the ban on Marxism. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: I Ketut Mantram - 'There was a list from the Kodim'
Tempo testimony (1 Oct 2012) of I Ketut Mantram, 72, PNI village secretary in Jembrana, Bali, who joined the 37-man 'Tameng/Rantai' squad that executed PKI members on Kodim lists for about three months, burying bodies in coastal pits. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: The irony of Gandhi Street in Medan (detention house)
Tempo report (1 Oct 2012) on the Jalan Gandhi detention house in Medan, a former Baperki school used by Kopkamtib for over a decade; Komnas HAM names it a torture site (beatings, confinement in toilets with faeces). Testimony from Astaman Hasibuan (Lekra) and soldier Eddy Sartimin. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Butchers in the killing fields (Kediri and Probolinggo)
Long Tempo feature (1 Oct 2012) on Kediri and Probolinggo killings: Ansor/Banser, Lirboyo santri led by Gus Maksum and army units, from the 13 Oct 1965 rally and the burning of the PKI office, using 'drop' trucks from Koramil, with the Kanigoro (Jan 1965) background. Testimony of Abdul Malik and Haji SY. Gerwani is not
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Another way to settle the 1965 tragedy (M. Imam Aziz)
Opinion piece by M. Imam Aziz in Tempo (1 Oct 2012) summarising Komnas HAM's findings of nine crimes against humanity in 1965 (500,000 to 3 million killed, 1.8 million detained, Plantungan named for women) and proposing a non-judicial path: presidential apology, victim recovery, comparing ICC, South African and Austral
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Bodies floating far away (Bacem bridge, Bengawan Solo)
Tempo report (1 Oct 2012) on the Bacem bridge over Bengawan Solo (Sukoharjo), an execution site where bodies were thrown into the river in Oct 1965 and for months after. Local witnesses (Mbah Wiryo, Bibit, Supeno) and historian Sudharmono; dispute over whether Banser NU took part. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Because of the general's authority (why West Java escaped the killings)
Tempo piece (1 Oct 2012) explaining why West Java saw no mass killings: Siliwangi commander Ibrahim Adjie ordered detentions without violence (per Benedict Anderson via Umar Said), and RPKAD, whose arrival triggered killings elsewhere (Cribb, Anderson), did not enter. Notes Suharto's 2 Oct 1965 letter claiming to preve
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Forced labour at Moncongloe
Tempo report (1 Oct 2012) on the Moncongloe 'Instalasi Rehabilitasi' camp (Gowa, South Sulawesi), open 1969-79 with about 1,000 political prisoners doing unpaid forced labour (20 km road, army land); hepatitis, sexual harassment of women prisoners, a pregnant nurse expelled. Based on Taufik's thesis/book and testimony
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Testimonies from a republic of thugs (The Act of Killing)
Tempo package (1 Oct 2012) on The Act of Killing: Ariel Heryanto's review calling it the most important film on Indonesia, and a profile of Anwar Congo (Medan, Pemuda Pancasila) with his wife Salmah and Joshua Oppenheimer's comments. It stresses perpetrators' impunity and ties to officials. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Tempo, 1 October 2012: Doomsday born of grudges (Banyuwangi massacre)
Tempo report (1 Oct 2012) on Banyuwangi: the 'Gagak Hitam' force of NU/PNI members hunted communists after 62 Ansor were killed at Cemethuk (commemorated at the Pancasila Jaya monument, called Lubang Buaya Cemethuk). Testimony of Baidawi and ex-Lekra secretary Andang Chatif Yusuf; bodies thrown into Jurang Tangis. Gerw