Journal article by Justus M. van der Kroef (American Catholic Sociological Review, June 1957) on women's status and marriage in Indonesia: adat versus Islamic law, polygamy, divorce rates, colonial and revolutionary change. Surveys women's organisations (Perwari, Kowani) and notes Kowani's early left turn and WIDF cont
Api Kartini (late 1964) history of the Indonesian women's movement for Youth Pledge Day, tracing Kartini, Isteri Sedar, Perwari, wartime Fujinkai and Gerwis's founding on 4 June 1950 from the Gerakan Wanita Sedar, its name change to Gerwani after merging with railway workers' wives and Perwin Menado, joining Kowani and
Soviet Woman, 30 Apr 1967, pp. 13-16: Kartini Day features by Mme Manai Sophiaan (ambassador's wife) and Soviet orientalist A. Belenky on Kartini as feminist, anti-colonial forerunner of the national movement, plus a book review on American women and a note on Soviet-Indonesian women's correspondence. Gerwani and 1965
CIA research study, December 1968 (released 2023), arguing the PKI planned the 30 September Movement in every detail, based largely on interrogations. Cold War security-apparatus counter-evidence relevant to how Gerwani was framed.
John H. Sullivan's 1969 American University PhD in international relations traces US-Indonesian relations c. 1963-68 and the emergence of the New Order, covering the anti-American period, the 30 September Movement and its aftermath, and regional, communist-bloc and economic relations. It is diplomatic and political his
Neues Deutschland, 1 February 1975, p. 15 (anniversary supplement for International Women's Year): retrospective 'Paris war das Reiseziel für Delegierte aus aller Welt' on the 1934 World Women's Congress against Fascism and War in Paris. Among the speakers, 'the delegate Siti' (surname not given) brought greetings from
Soviet Woman, 30 Nov 1979, pp. 35-38, 'Meetings, Contacts, Cooperation': Soviet youth on their lives, a Soviet-American youth seminar in Tallinn, Canadian children's theatre, a teacher in Ethiopia, and a Moscow gathering for Kartini's birth centenary. Speakers include A. Belenky, Ludmila Pakhomova and Mrs Panggabean of
Het Parool feature by Petra van Alten (30 Oct 1986) on the 40th anniversary of the Nederlandse Vrouwenbeweging (NVB): founding in 1946 from Algemene Vrouwenbonden and resistance women, its protests against Dutch Indonesia policy and troop sailings, Cold War isolation, affiliation to the Women's International Democratic
De Waarheid book review (30 Apr 1988, p.5) of a De Jong volume on Dutch troop shipments to Indonesia, arguing the 1946-47 deployments lacked a constitutional basis and that resistance (Amsterdam strike of Sept 1946, Indonesia refusers, Schoonhoven boys) was more significant than De Jong suggests. Lawyers Trees Sunito-H
Pravda (Nov/Dec 1990, No. 303) archive.org OCR excerpt of V. Shurygin's retrospective 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago'. Lists Gerwani among PKI-affiliated mass organisations, cites up to 500,000 killed, notes slander turned opinion against communists, and says ~50,000 of 1.4 million ex-prisoners may vo
Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: full page with V. Shurygin's (Pravda-TASS) article 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago', a Soviet correspondent's retrospective on the 1965 coup, Sukarno's choice at Halim, up to 500,000 communists killed, and slander-driven anti-communist propaganda. Gerwani appears once, listed
Jan Blokker column in De Volkskrant (12 Aug 1995) reviewing Dutch books on the Indies and the colonial past. Mrs. S.K. Trimurti appears only as an interviewee quoted in H.C. Beynon's "Verboden voor honden en inlanders", on living with Inggit after Sukarno's 1933 arrest. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Elizabeth Martyn's 2005 book (from her Monash PhD) on the 1950s Indonesian women's movement as a whole, covering organisations, socio-economic work, elections, the marriage-law campaign, international activism and the regions. Gerwani appears within a broader field.
Japanese review (Ajia Keizai, July 2006) by Hattori Mina of Blackburn's Women and the State in Modern Indonesia, with post-1998 context, chapter summaries and evaluation; Gerwani appears only in notes. Context rather than evidence. (In Japanese.)
Bradley Simpson's 2008 diplomatic history of US-Indonesia relations 1960-68, arguing a transnational coalition of Western governments and technocrats laid foundations for a military-led developmental regime and the Johnson administration willingly backed the army. Context; Gerwani not central.
PhD dissertation by Yohanes Sulaiman (Ohio State, 2008) on Indonesian foreign policy and the United States under Sukarno. Gerwani appears only in a footnote on the 1965 aftermath quoting John Hughes (1967, p. 150): Gerwani women in a village blocking Sarwo Edhie's column 'bared their posteriors' in insult and were shot
PhD dissertation by Yohanes Sulaiman (Ohio State, 2008) on Indonesian foreign policy and the United States under Sukarno. Gerwani appears only in a footnote on the 1965 aftermath quoting John Hughes (1967, p. 150): Gerwani women in a village blocking Sarwo Edhie's column 'bared their posteriors' in insult and were shot
Overview essay by Francisca de Haan (Women and Social Movements International database, c. 2012) on WIDF's origins, agenda, UN role and Cold War marginalisation, 1945-1991. Gerwani is listed once as a large, influential WIDF member organisation (with footnotes to Wieringa and to McGregor on Indonesian women and WIDF);
Katharine McGregor's Aug 2016 gateway essay to the Indonesia section of the Women and Social Movements in Modern Empires database: anti-imperial activism, Gerwani and the WIDF, source guide (Api Kartini, congress reports) and thematic analyses. Introduction for researchers.
McGregor and Hearman's 2017 chapter on AAPSO (founded Cairo 1957-58) as the main vehicle of the 'Bandung Spirit' among non-state activists 1955-65, taking up Sukarno's 'lifeline of imperialism' image. Context for Afro-Asian solidarity.
National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book no. 607 (17 Oct 2017) presenting 39 declassified US Embassy Jakarta documents (1964-68) showing detailed US knowledge of and support for the army's mass killing of PKI members. Finding aid for the telegram series in this corpus.
Geoffrey Robinson's 2018 synthesis of the 1965-66 violence (about 500,000 killed, a million detained), arguing the army provoked and organised it, the US and allies facilitated it, and colonial and Cold War history set the preconditions. Context; Gerwani in the propaganda chapters.
Francisca de Haan's 2018 chapter proposing a 'global left-feminist 1960s' led by the WIDF network, from the 1953 Copenhagen Congress (whose declaration reached Indonesia) to the 1963 Moscow congress. Frames WIDF transnationalism relevant to Gerwani.
Open-access edited volume (Oostindie et al., KITLV/NIMH/NIOD, Amsterdam University Press 2023) on local experiences of the Indonesian revolution 1945-49. In Galuh Ambar Sasi's chapter on Yogyakarta (pp. 65-66) Suripno and Francisca Fanggidaej, 'heads of Pesindo', tour Republican towns after visiting Europe and India, r
Open-access edited volume (Oostindie et al., KITLV/NIMH/NIOD, Amsterdam University Press 2023) on local experiences of the Indonesian revolution 1945-49. In Galuh Ambar Sasi's chapter on Yogyakarta (pp. 65-66) Suripno and Francisca Fanggidaej, 'heads of Pesindo', tour Republican towns after visiting Europe and India, r