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GA-02567 1965 rel B licensed

Indonesia, Internal political situation: Attempted coup against Sukarno [14] (FO 371/180323, November 1965)

FO 371/180323: Attempted Coup against Sukarno [14] (Nov 1965)

UK Foreign Office file FO 371/180323 (c. 4-16 Nov 1965): Djakarta telegrams, Antara extracts and Foreign Office correspondence on the PKI's destruction, Subandrio, Nasution and Sukarno. Gerwani items: tel. 2480 (p. 39) reports a 8 Nov Jakarta rally of women's organisations demanding dissolution of the PKI and Gerwani;

GA-03344 1965-11-03 The Straits Budget rel B

Indonesian Army says wholesale slaughter of civilians in east Java

Indonesian Army says wholesale slaughter of civilians in east Java (Straits Budget, 1965)

The Straits Budget (Singapore), 3 November 1965, p. 15, UPI/Antara: the army declares a state of war in Central Java and gives figures for civilians it says communists massacred (e.g. 62 bodies in three mass graves at Banyuwangi, 104 killed), while observers note the incidents all occurred after the coup. Nothing on Ge

GA-01692 1965-11-27 Pusat Pemberitaan Angkatan Bersendjata rel A

Pusat Pemberitaan Angkatan Bersendjata, Intisari Berita, 27 November 1965

Armed Forces Information Centre, Intisari Berita, 27 November 1965: Klaten training claims and 'razored Heroes' allusion

Armed Forces Information Centre bulletin, 27 November 1965. Serial 'Mengikuti Operasi RPKAD' says the PKI in Klaten held training for Gerwani, PR and BTI, and insists its claims are as true as 'the Gerwani who razored our Heroes of the Revolution'.

GA-02060 1965-12-07 Heves Megyei Nepujsag rel B

Heves Megyei Népújság, 1965. december 7.: Dzsakarta (letartóztatások, Gerwani)

Heves Megyei Népújság, 7 Dec 1965: Jakarta (arrests, Gerwani)

Heves Megyei Népújság, 7 Dec 1965, brief Jakarta item: 10,500 people, mostly plantation workers, held in North Sumatra (Brig. Gen. Sobiran), and 10,333 arrested around Pati in Central Java, all members of BTI, Pemuda Rakyat, Gerwani or other left organisations.

GA-01992 1966-04-19 Renmin Ribao rel B licensed

Renmin Ribao, 19 April 1966: Komite Solidaritas Asia-Afrika Thailand memprotes penindasan di Indonesia (泰国亚非人民团结委员会发表新闻公报)

Thai Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee communique condemns Indonesian military killings and arrests

Xinhua report in Renmin Ribao (19 Apr 1966, p. 4) of a 13 April communiqué by the Thai Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Committee condemning Indonesia's military and 'reactionaries': 78,500 killed and 106,000 arrested per the Fact-Finding Commission in Bali, Java and North Sumatra; bans on Pemuda Rakyat, CGMI, Gerwani, B

GA-03036 1968 rel B licensed

The Politico-Military Role of the Indonesian Armed Forces, October 1965–1968 (MA dissertation, University of Chicago)

The Politico-Military Role of the Indonesian Armed Forces, October 1965-1968 (Fox, 1968)

Edward J. Fox, University of Chicago MA dissertation (1968; the catalogue title says PhD) on the Indonesian armed forces' control programme and the pattern of violence from October 1965 to early 1968. Gerwani appears only in passing: a footnote cites 1.75 million members and notes its self-dissolution (p.32), and one u

GA-02901 1974 rel C licensed

Social Conditions Leading to Military Dominance: The Case of Indonesia

Social Conditions Leading to Military Dominance: the case of Indonesia (Kahane, 1974)

Journal article by Reuven Kahane (Contributions to Asian Studies, vol. 5, 1974) giving a structural-sociological explanation of the 1965 coup and army dominance in Indonesia: religious-class polarisation, failing Sukarno-era control mechanisms, and the army's rise. Gerwani appears only in a footnote listing PKI-affilia

GA-02126 1990 Pravda rel B

Pravda, 30 October 1990, No. 303: Indonesia: Strokes to a Tragedy of 35 Years Ago

Pravda, 30 Oct 1990: 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' (V. Shurygin)

Pravda, 30 October 1990 (No. 303), p. 5: V. Shurygin's retrospective 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' on the 1965 coup, Suharto's rise and the destruction of the PKI by a Pravda correspondent who was in Indonesia. Gerwani appears once, listed as the PKI's women's organisation alongside SOBSI, BTI, Pemu

GA-02127 1990 Pravda rel B

Pravda, 1990, No. 303: V. Shurygin, 'Indonesia: goresan tragedi 35 tahun lalu'

Pravda, 1990: Shurygin, 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' (excerpt)

Pravda (Nov/Dec 1990, No. 303) archive.org OCR excerpt of V. Shurygin's retrospective 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago'. Lists Gerwani among PKI-affiliated mass organisations, cites up to 500,000 killed, notes slander turned opinion against communists, and says ~50,000 of 1.4 million ex-prisoners may vo

GA-02128 1990-10-30 Pravda rel C licensed

Pravda, 30 Oktober 1990, hlm. 5: 'Indonesia: goresan tragedi 35 tahun lalu'

Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: Shurygin, 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' (full page)

Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: full page with V. Shurygin's (Pravda-TASS) article 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago', a Soviet correspondent's retrospective on the 1965 coup, Sukarno's choice at Halim, up to 500,000 communists killed, and slander-driven anti-communist propaganda. Gerwani appears once, listed

GA-03054 2014 rel C licensed

The Cold War in the City of Heroes: U.S.-Indonesian Relations and Anti-Communist Operations in Surabaya, 1963-1965

The Cold War in the City of Heroes: US-Indonesian Relations and Anti-Communist Operations in Surabaya (Setiyawan, 2014)

PhD dissertation in History (UCLA, 2014) by Dahlia Gratia Setiyawan on U.S. anti-communist operations and the 1965-66 purge in Surabaya. Gerwani appears in context: as the PKI's women's affiliate (ch. 1), through the Surabaya women's coalition GOWS in the 27 September 1965 Grahadi demonstration (ch. 4), and in the Army