Protest at US support for Dutch seizure of West Irian; Gerwani letter to Robert Kennedy (Renmin Ribao, 17 February 1962)
Renmin Ribao, 17 Feb 1962, p. 3 (Xinhua, Jakarta): during US Attorney General Robert Kennedy's visit, Indonesian student bodies, trade unions and Gerwani protest US support for Dutch 'self-determination' on West Irian; Gerwani delivered a protest letter to the US embassy. Students shout 'Recover West Irian' at Gadjah M
Protest at US support for Dutch seizure of West Irian; Gerwani letter to Robert Kennedy (Renmin Ribao, 17 February 1962)
Renmin Ribao, 17 Feb 1962, p. 3 (Xinhua, Jakarta): during US Attorney General Robert Kennedy's visit, Indonesian student bodies, trade unions and Gerwani protest US support for Dutch 'self-determination' on West Irian; Gerwani delivered a protest letter to the US embassy. Students shout 'Recover West Irian' at Gadjah M
US Embassy Weekly Situation Telegrams, April 1962
Two US Embassy Djakarta weekly situation telegrams (JOINT WEEKA 14 and 15), 6 and 13 April 1962, on the West New Guinea dispute, PKI-Sukarno friction, Partindo, wage demands and military matters. Gerwani appears only once: it joined SOBSI and others in protesting the 'undemocratic' draft election bill providing for pop
After PKI protests: Sukarno withdraws election bills
De Waarheid, 8 May 1962, p. 2: report that Sukarno withdrew four bills on representative bodies (under which only one-third of the People's Congress, parliament and regional councils would be elected, the rest appointed) after protests first from the PKI, SOBSI, women's movement Gerwani and Pemuda Rakjat, later PNI and
Aidit's general report to the PKI Seventh Congress, part 2 (Renmin Ribao, 11 May 1962)
Renmin Ribao, 11 May 1962, pp. 4-5: Part 2 of D.N. Aidit's abridged general report to the PKI's Seventh Congress, covering finance for the eight-year plan, the international situation, PKI relations with the communist movement, and mass work. One paragraph says Gerwani, a 'revolutionary women's mass organisation', expa
Aidit's general report to the PKI Seventh Congress, part 2 (Renmin Ribao, 11 May 1962)
Renmin Ribao, 11 May 1962, pp. 4-5: Part 2 of D.N. Aidit's abridged general report to the PKI's Seventh Congress, covering finance for the eight-year plan, the international situation, PKI relations with the communist movement, and mass work. One paragraph says Gerwani, a 'revolutionary women's mass organisation', expa
Record of Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing's Reception of Hartini Sukarno, 29 Sep 1962
Chinese Foreign Ministry record (not reviewed by Mao) of Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing receiving Hartini Sukarno in Beijing, 29 Sept 1962, with Deng Yingchao, Wang Guangmei, Chen Yi and Ambassador Sukarni present (Wilson Center; trans. David Cowhig). Topics: assassination attempts on Sukarno, West Irian settlement, Nasakom
Sinar Harapan, 22 Oct 1962: Roeslan Abdulgani lectures at Gerwani training centre
OCR of Sinar Harapan, 22 Oct 1962, pages 1-4 (columns interleaved). Gerwani appears in one front-page Antara-style item: Roeslan Abdulgani, chair of the Manipol/USDEK indoctrination committee, lectured before a Gerwani training centre at the Prison Service Academy in Jakarta on 'revolution of rising expectations/explod
Api Kartini No. 5-6, Year 5, May-June 1963
Double issue (May–Jun 1963) on the return of West Irian and the 10 May 1963 anti-Chinese riots in West Java, with Sukarno speeches condemning racism and an editorial blaming an ex-Masjumi/PSI/Permesta network.
With Manipol Strengthen the United Women's Front (Gerwani DPP Plenary, January 1963)
Api Kartini (1963) report by Ratna on the Gerwani DPP Plenary held in Jakarta, 6-10 January 1963, a year after the 4th Congress. Umi Sardjono's general report praised the Irian Barat victory and the end of the state of emergency (1 May 1963), and the plenary resolved to strengthen the Nasakom-based national front, supp
World Congress of Women, Moscow, June 1963
WIDF publication on the World Congress of Women, Moscow, 24-29 June 1963 (1,543 women, 113 countries): reports, speeches, resolutions and the new WIDF council list. Gerwani is mentioned briefly: its roughly 1,000 day nurseries for working mothers are cited as a model; its role in the West Irian campaign is praised; and
RAND paper P-2690 by Guy J. Pauker (Jan 1963, for Asian Survey), 'Indonesia: Towards Development or Expansionism?'. Surveys the West New Guinea settlement, the lifting of the state of emergency, PKI strength (Aidit versus Lukman factions), inflation, Soviet arms debt and the Brunei revolt. Mentions Gerwani once, as a P
Sukarno presents gifts to Chairman Liu (Renmin Ribao, 21 April 1963)
Renmin Ribao, 21 Apr 1963, p. 2 (Xinhua, Jakarta): at the State Palace Sukarno presents gifts to Liu Shaoqi and Chen Yi before the farewell banquet; delegates of Indonesian organisations (Pemuda Rakjat, BTI, PKI, SOBSI, Baperki, Gerwani, Perwari and others) also present gifts, including a West Irian bird of paradise. G
Sukarno presents gifts to Chairman Liu (Renmin Ribao, 21 April 1963)
Renmin Ribao, 21 Apr 1963, p. 2 (Xinhua, Jakarta): at the State Palace Sukarno presents gifts to Liu Shaoqi and Chen Yi before the farewell banquet; delegates of Indonesian organisations (Pemuda Rakjat, BTI, PKI, SOBSI, Baperki, Gerwani, Perwari and others) also present gifts, including a West Irian bird of paradise. G
Women's emancipation cannot be separated from national independence: speech by Pardjani Pradono
Renmin Ribao, 15 Jul 1963, p. 2: full text of the speech by Mrs Pardjani Pradono, head of the Indonesian women's delegation, at the Beijing rally. She says women's emancipation and family happiness cannot be separated from national independence, endorses Sukarno's Political Manifesto, Nasakom and anti-Malaysia line, an
Women's emancipation cannot be separated from national independence: speech by Pardjani Pradono
Renmin Ribao, 15 Jul 1963, p. 2: full text of the speech by Mrs Pardjani Pradono, head of the Indonesian women's delegation, at the Beijing rally. She says women's emancipation and family happiness cannot be separated from national independence, endorses Sukarno's Political Manifesto, Nasakom and anti-Malaysia line, an
D.N. Aidit, 'Some problems of the Indonesian revolution and the PKI': Beijing report, 4 September 1963
Full Renmin Ribao text (5 Sept 1963, p. 3) of D.N. Aidit's 4 September Beijing rally report on the Indonesian revolution and PKI: semi-colonial, semi-feudal analysis, national united front, Nasakom, state power's 'two aspects', and party building. Gerwani appears only once, in a membership tally (1.5 million, alongside
D.N. Aidit, 'Indonesian-Korean friendship will last forever': Pyongyang speech, 11 September 1963
Full text (Renmin Ribao, 14 Sept 1963, p. 3, via Xinhua/KCNA) of D.N. Aidit's 11 September speech at a Pyongyang welcome rally: praise of North Korea, an outline of the Indonesian revolution, Nasakom, West Irian, the anti-US line and attacks on 'modern revisionism'. Gerwani appears once in the tally of PKI-aligned orga
Forward to Total Integration of Gerwani with Farm-Labourer and Poor Peasant Women (Umi Sardjono's General Report, 1964)
Umi Sardjono's General Report as DPP Gerwani chair to the 3rd DPP Plenary (Bandung, early 1964; transcribed by Nathanael Pribady). Reviews 1963: Irian Barat, 'Crush Malaysia' confrontation, the 26 May economic regulations, 1,378 TK Melati kindergartens, the WIDF Moscow Congress (Gerwani rejected the programme, attacked
Api Kartini No. 9, Year 6, September 1964
September 1964 issue built on Sukarno's 17 August 1964 TAVIP speech, Dwikora mobilisation, the 10th Kowani (KWI) congress, Sulami on peasant women and land reform, a West Irian travelogue and Kartinah on a Chinese people's commune.
Continuing integration of the women's movement with Indonesian peasant women: report of Gerwani's Third Plenum (Harian R
JPRS translation of Harian Rakjat, 23 Jan 1964, on the Third Plenary Session of Gerwani's Central Council (Bandung, 18-22 Jan 1964). Chair Umi Sardjono reports on crushing 'Malaysia', price rises, the Cabinet of Mutual Assistance and land reform; stresses integration with peasant women, cooperation with the BTI, West I
Moscow News, 25 Apr 1964: 'Remote but Near' on Indonesia; Moscow commemorates Kartini
Moscow News (English), 25 April 1964, pp. 13-16 section. Includes a travelogue by a Soviet cultural-delegation member on Indonesia (new Jakarta monuments, Soviet-built stadium, 100,000 students, Lekra in Bandung) and a short item on a Moscow meeting marking Kartini's birth, run by the USSR-Indonesia Society's Women's C
Aust. delegate sees Indonesia
Tribune (Sydney), 2 Sep 1964, p. 9: Enid Hampson reports on the 10th Congress of Indonesian women's organisations (WANITA, 40 organisations) in Jakarta, 24 July 1964, opened before 9,000 women; Mrs Subandrio gave the main report. Sukarno urged women to a bigger role, food and Malaysia were main themes; also land reform
Aust. delegate sees Indonesia
Tribune (Sydney), 2 Sep 1964, p. 9: Enid Hampson reports on the 10th Congress of Indonesian women's organisations (WANITA, 40 organisations) in Jakarta, 24 July 1964, opened before 9,000 women; Mrs Subandrio gave the main report. Sukarno urged women to a bigger role, food and Malaysia were main themes; also land reform
Nasakom for now without 'kom': communists frozen but not yet eliminated
Twentsch Dagblad Tubantia (21 Oct 1965), H.L. Leffelaar from Jakarta: the freezing of the PKI is an army victory over Sukarno; Nasakom 'without kom'. A poster targets Mrs Subandrio, head of the women's federation (Kowani), for not yet suspending Gerwani. Hatta criticises communist land seizures; a minister recounts Unt
Nasakom for now without 'kom'; Subandrio increasingly cornered
Twentsch Dagblad Tubantia (21 Oct 1965), H.L. Leffelaar from Jakarta: the freezing of the PKI is an army victory over Sukarno; Nasakom 'without kom'. A poster targets Mrs Subandrio, head of the women's federation (Kowani), for not yet suspending Gerwani. Hatta criticises communist land seizures; a minister recounts Unt
Speech to Women's Group: Sukarno at Perwari Anniversary (FBIS, 17 Dec 1965)
FBIS summary of Sukarno's 17 Dec 1965 speech at the Perwari anniversary rally. He praised West Irian volunteer Herlina, discussed ideas and 'progressive' versus 'retrogressive' revolutionaries, and defended Nasakom. He ordered a tribunal for those directly involved in Gestok and said those responsible for killing innoc
The Rise and Fall of the Djakarta-Peking Axis, 1949-1966 (Ju, 1967)
PhD dissertation (Mississippi State, 1967) by Woo Jung Ju on Sino-Indonesian relations, 1949-1966, from Bandung to the collapse of the Jakarta-Peking axis. It follows the PKI's resurgence under Aidit, Guided Democracy, the Malaysia Confrontation and the planned second Afro-Asian Conference, largely from Western press a
Nationalism and Confrontation in the Southeast Asian Islands: Sources of Indonesian Foreign Policy (Reinhardt, 1967)
PhD dissertation (Tulane, April 1967) by Jon McEwen Reinhardt in political science on the sources of Indonesian foreign policy under Guided Democracy: West Irian, Malaysia confrontation and the post-coup state. Gerwani appears only in a footnote (c. p. 95, n. 41), citing PKI claims that in October 1962 its four mass or
Sukarno Will Explain His Actions (Canberra Times, 6 January 1967)
Canberra Times, 6 Jan 1967, p. 1 (AAP): Sukarno promises a written account of his policies and role in the 1965 coup within a week; Cabinet Presidium plans debt-rescheduling teams; Indonesia to hold West Irian plebiscite in 1969. A brief item says Mrs Tanti Aidit, wife of the dead PKI chairman, captured last month, wil