Harian Neraca, 25 Maret 1989, p. 10: instalment 70 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Surveys October–November 1965 violence and Suharto's 10 Nov 1965 'Seruan', with crowd attacks in Aceh and Sumatra on the PKI and Gerwani.
Harian Neraca, 8 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 82 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. October 1965: the PKI camp, explicitly including Gerwani, welcoming Sukarno's Bogor address; Presidium instruction of 20 Oct 1965 to freeze organisations and dismiss officials.
Harian Neraca, 14 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 87 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Army's view of the PKI remnant base in South Blitar (1967–68), the capture of Aidit's alleged adjutant Kusno and the formation of Trisula; Gerwani mentioned.
Harian Neraca, 18 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 90 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. July 1968 captures in South Blitar; sub-chapter 'Gerwani leaders try to flee' on hunting Gerwani women Ny. Lies Soekatno (alias Djemirah), Bu Djoyo, Ny. Moedji and others.
Harian Neraca, 22 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 94 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Argues communism manipulates religion, citing in Jatibarang a 'babu (Gerwani)' who spread lies between Muslims and Christians, and forged Qur'anic pamphlets.
Harian Neraca, 28 April 1989, p. 10: instalment 99 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Closes a passage on Buru and opens chapter 'Confessions in the Mahmilub' with the 1972 trial of Air Force Col. U. Sudiono; Gerwani mentioned.
Harian Neraca, 1 Mei 1989, p. 10: instalment 102 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Summarises Mahmilub testimony on planning of G30S (Biro Khusus, 'Yon Sukarelawan Dwikora', Pasopati, Bima Sakti) and Sjam's statement; Gerwani mentioned.
Harian Neraca, 2 Mei 1989, p. 10: instalment 103 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Mahmilub testimony incl. Serma Marsudi (1976) on training 3,000 volunteers from Lekra, PR, Gerwani, CGMI, BTI and others at Lubang Buaya.
Harian Neraca, 3 Mei 1989, p. 10: instalment 104 of Soegiarso Soerojo's serial. Author's commentary on the Biro Khusus, the Gilchrist document as forgery and PRC aid, with Mahmilub testimony; Gerwani mentioned.
Harian Neraca, 4 Oct 1989, p. 11: Antara retrospective on the founding of KAP-Gestapu on 4 Oct 1965 and the 8 Oct 1965 rally, after which youths burned PKI offices; Gerwani mentioned.
Pravda, 30 October 1990 (No. 303), p. 5: V. Shurygin's retrospective 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago' on the 1965 coup, Suharto's rise and the destruction of the PKI by a Pravda correspondent who was in Indonesia. Gerwani appears once, listed as the PKI's women's organisation alongside SOBSI, BTI, Pemu
Pravda (Nov/Dec 1990, No. 303) archive.org OCR excerpt of V. Shurygin's retrospective 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago'. Lists Gerwani among PKI-affiliated mass organisations, cites up to 500,000 killed, notes slander turned opinion against communists, and says ~50,000 of 1.4 million ex-prisoners may vo
Het Vrije Volk interview feature (9 Jul 1990, p.10) by Canis Zijlmans on anthropologist Saskia Wieringa's research on lesbian women in the Third World. One passage mentions her research in Indonesia on the 'three-million-member' communist women's organisation Gerwani, wiped out after Suharto's takeover, and lesbian lif
The Guardian (Weekend Guardian), 8 Sept 1990, p.A4, John Gittings, 'The black hole of Bali': long feature on the 1965 massacre (250,000 or more killed), how the killings were organised by the army under Suharto, the Aidit/PKI role, the US list of communists (Martens/Kadane) and US encouragement, survivors ('Tapols') an
Pravda, 30 Oct 1990, p. 5: full page with V. Shurygin's (Pravda-TASS) article 'Indonesia: strokes to a tragedy of 35 years ago', a Soviet correspondent's retrospective on the 1965 coup, Sukarno's choice at Halim, up to 500,000 communists killed, and slander-driven anti-communist propaganda. Gerwani appears once, listed
Bernas (Yogyakarta), 8 Jan 1992, p. 4: essay by a UGM student on Indonesian women's organisations 1945–65, noting sharp Guided Democracy conflict between Gerwani and Kowani culminating in 1965, and criticising later homogenisation.
Bali Post, 24 Dec 1993, p. 5: a serial instalment rejecting the claim that the 1926 Bedewang peasant revolt was a PKI product with its mass organisations including Gerwani.
Berita Yudha, 11 Oct 1994, p. 4: opens serialisation of the 1994 Setneg White Book; Chapter I states that Lubang Buaya trained 'Sukarelawan dan Sukarelawati' of Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani.
Berita Yudha, 24 Oct 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment on PKI infiltration of IPPI and PGRI and the 'Angkatan V', with volunteers from Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani.
Berita Yudha, 25 Oct 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment on BTI/PR 'mass actions' and the anti-American campaign; Gerwani named twice, including among a PR/CGMI/Gerwani crowd at the East Java governor's office.
Berita Yudha, 5 Nov 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment describing G30S task forces and about 2,000 Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani members 'trained at Lubang Buaya' whose task included 'killing and burial' of the generals.
Berita Yudha, 8 Nov 1994, p. 4: White Book section on Lubang Buaya where 'sukwan PKI, among them sukwati Gerwani' wait by the well and the captives are tortured to death; no sexual or dance motif included.
Berita Yudha, 9 Nov 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment on Central Java and Yogyakarta, naming Gerwani among PKI mass organisations issuing a support resolution in Wonogiri on 1 Oct 1965; editorial honours Fatmawati.
Berita Yudha, 14 Nov 1994, p. 4: White Book instalment on the discovery and exhumation of the generals at Lubang Buaya, naming PR and Gerwani 'sukwan-sukwati' as trained there.
Het Parool feature by John Jansen van Galen (6 May 1995) ahead of the 50th anniversary of Indonesian independence, on a Sunday gathering of four Indonesians and two Dutch scholars. The excerpt shows Francisca Fanggidaej recalling her childhood as 'equalised' with Europeans, estranged from her own culture and thinking i
Het Parool (6 May 1995) continuation of the feature on the Indonesian road to independence. Francisca Fanggidaej recalls first hearing the word 'Indonesia' from a cousin; historians Harry Poeze and Pieter Droogleever and veterans Gondo Pratomo and Aky Djoehana discuss early nationalism, Perhimpunan Indonesia, ethical p
Jan Blokker column in De Volkskrant (12 Aug 1995) reviewing Dutch books on the Indies and the colonial past. Mrs. S.K. Trimurti appears only as an interviewee quoted in H.C. Beynon's "Verboden voor honden en inlanders", on living with Inggit after Sukarno's 1933 arrest. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Trouw correction column (4 Oct 1995): a wrong phone number for the Cézanne exhibition, and a note that the 30 September article on the 1965 coup drew on Saskia Wieringa's research, due for her Amsterdam doctorate on 6 October, under-acknowledged. Gives her thesis title: The Politicization of Gender Relations in Indones
De Vrijdag (Het Parool, 6 Oct 1995) article by Hanneke de Wit on Saskia Wieringa's Amsterdam PhD on the Indonesian women's movement. It recounts the 1965 press claims that Gerwani girls castrated and blinded generals and danced naked, which Wieringa calls lies; autopsies showed the generals intact. It details forced 'c
The Guardian, 23 May 1998, p.24, Martin Woollacott, 'Chaos at Crocodile Hole': comment on Suharto's fall, arguing it is no triumph and that his legacy of division (military vs Islamists, rich vs poor, ethnic and religious tensions) leaves the country fragile. It opens with the Crocodile Hole (Lubang Buaya) shrine, whos