Sukarno: my life is in danger
Twentsch Dagblad Tubantia (3 Nov 1965): Sukarno tells cabinet his life is in danger; 100,000 demonstrate at the Chinese consulate in Medan demanding Subandrio's dismissal; army purge in Central Java hampered by unreliable troops; Gerwani expelled from the women's congress Kowani, chaired by Mrs Subandrio; soldiers kill five communist demonstrators at Kroya.
Twentsch Dagblad Tubantia (3 Nov 1965): Sukarno memberi tahu kabinet nyawanya terancam; 100.000 orang berdemonstrasi di konsulat Tiongkok di Medan menuntut Subandrio mundur; pembersihan militer di Jawa Tengah terhambat prajurit tak setia; Gerwani dikeluarkan dari Kowani yang diketuai Ny. Subandrio; tentara menembak mati lima demonstran komunis di Kroya.
“p.1: 'The women's organisation of the Indonesian communist party (Gerwani) has been expelled from the Indonesian women's congress (Kowani). Chairwoman ... is Mrs Soebandrio.'”
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 3 November 1965: reports a 100,000-strong demonstration at the Chinese consulate in Medan demanding Subandrio's resignation, and, per Antara, that the PKI's women's organisation Gerwani has been expelled from the Indonesian women's congress (Kowani), chaired by Mrs Hurustiati Subandrio, the
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Trouw (3 Nov 1965), wire report: Sukarno tells ministers his life is in danger; demonstrations in Medan demand Subandrio's removal; a Muslim leader urges dissolving the PKI. Reports that Gerwani was expelled from the women's congress Kowani, chaired by Mrs Subandrio. Early evidence of Gerwani's isolation weeks after 30
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
UK Foreign Office file FO 371/180322 (28 Oct-5 Nov 1965): Djakarta telegrams quoting Antara on the post-coup purge, Sukarno versus the generals, Medan and Central Java. Gerwani items: tel. 2418 (2 Nov, p. 52) reports a Kowani/women's congress move to expel Gerwani members; tel. 2421 (p. 57) quotes Suharto naming 'Pemud
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Algemeen Handelsblad column (1965-11-18) on post-coup Indonesia: Suharto slaps Omar Dhani, rumours of poisoning, false communist accusations, and an RPKAD anecdote. Reports that Mrs. Subandrio, chair of Kowani, announced Gerwani had been expelled from the federation; Berita Yudha mocked her, and Mrs. Nasution reportedl
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Neue Berner Zeitung, 3 Nov 1965 (UPI/AFP): anti-communist demonstration in Sumatra; Sukarno tells ministers to act 'bravely'; 100,000 demonstrators at the Chinese embassy in Medan; gold and silver mines nationalised; 57 PKI parliamentarians removed. Key for Gerwani research: the Indonesian women's congress (Kowani, OCR
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Straits Times, 3 Nov 1965 (lead only). The Indonesian Women's Congress (Kowani), headed by Foreign Minister Subandrio's wife Hurustiati Subandrio, expelled the PKI women's auxiliary (Gerwani), per Antara; a consultative board statement addressed to President Sukarno. Shows Gerwani's isolation after the coup.
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Tempo essay (2 Oct 2021) by I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratih on why Gerwani did not criticise Sukarno's polygamy. It recounts Kowani expelling Gerwani on 29 Oct 1965 and removing Hurustiati Subandrio in 1966, the erasure of Gerwani from women's movement history, Perwari rivalry, Gerwani members' reverence for Sukarno, and anti-
shared: Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, Subandrio, Hurustiati Subandrio
Op-ed by Ita Fatia Nadia in Tempo (2 Oct 2021) tracing the army-controlled press campaign from 7 Oct 1965 that cast Gerwani as sexually sadistic, contradicted by the military doctors' autopsy (Roebiono Kertapati). It links the slander to the mass killings, Kowani's expulsion of Gerwani (29 Oct 1965), Lubang Buaya volun
shared: Mass killings of 1965–66, Kowani expels Gerwani, Indonesian Women's Congress, women's movement unity