De Waarheid, 17 Aug 1955, p. 1: newspaper house advertisement for the day's issue marking ten years of the Indonesian Republic, pointing readers to the poem 'Vrijheid' by Sugiarti Siswadi on p. 1 and an article by Cor Geugjes on p. 3. The item contains no text on Gerwani itself.
Api Kartini (1959) editorial column 'Celebrating National Day': after Indonesia's 17 August, urges readers to welcome the national days of friendly states upholding the Bandung principles. Features the Democratic Republic of Vietnam's 2 September National Day with a poem by Ho Chi Minh. Solidarity propaganda with Asian
US Monthly Indonesian Press Survey (1959-60) extracts. A review of the new monthly Api Kartini, published by Yayasan Melati and headed by Maasje Siwi, lists its editors (S. Asijah, Darmini, Parjani Pradono, S.K. Trimurti, Rukiah Kertapati and others). Parliamentary notes list Umi Sardjono (functional group for women) a
1961 short story 'The dawn is breaking' by Sulami, 'our Indonesian correspondent', in Women of the Whole World. Peasant woman Sarinah, active in the peasant organisation, explains the new Agrarian Act and land reform to village women, including women's right to own land and head households; landlords pay the government
WIDF magazine 1961 stamp feature 'In National Colours' on postage stamps of newly independent Asian and African states, commemorating liberation, public works, agrarian reform, education and women (Mongolia, Korea, Ceylon, UAR, Vietnam, China). An Indonesian stamp is listed among liberation-themed issues. Gerwani is no
Neues Deutschland p. 5 (28 May 1961), report on the Fifth German Writers' Congress in East Berlin. Among foreign guests' greetings, 'Frau Rukiah Kertapati' opened the third congress day by bringing greetings from Indonesian writers. The rest of the page is speeches by East German writers; the identification with the Le
Neues Deutschland p. 5 (28 May 1961), report on the Fifth German Writers' Congress in East Berlin. Among foreign guests' greetings, 'Frau Rukiah Kertapati' opened the third congress day by bringing greetings from Indonesian writers. The rest of the page is speeches by East German writers; the identification with the Le
Het Rotterdamsch Parool report (27 Jun 1961, p.4) from the Berlinale: a gossip piece on an actress's torn dress, then mocking review of an Indonesian film 'Dappere vrouwen' (about Indonesian women's patriotism in the struggle for freedom), screened outside the festival, in which Dutch colonists are played by Indonesian
Article by Utami Suryadarma, chair of the Film Censorship Committee, reprinted in Varia (17 Jan 1962), explaining the committee's new approach to Western, socialist and Afro-Asian film imports under free-and-active foreign policy.
Travel essay by M. L. Huber in Women of the Whole World, 1963, on a car journey from Jakarta toward East Java and Bandung, with a sweeping history of Indonesian civilisation, colonialism, the Round Table agreement and 1957 nationalisations, in a pro-Sukarno-era socialist-bloc framing. Gerwani is not mentioned.
Berita Harian (Singapore/Malaya), 24 May 1963: Kuala Lumpur report that the Federation government has banned 'Puisi Progresif Indonesia', a book written and translated by a PKI member, 'Bintang S...' (snippet cut off). The sweep guesses the author is Bintang Suradi, possibly the husband of Gerwani member Suwarti Bintan
Snippet-only Renmin Ribao item (30 Sept 1963, p. 4): a Chinese Fujian puppet troupe arrives in Indonesia at Gerwani's invitation and is welcomed at the airport by Gerwani leaders, including Mrs Suwati (vice-chair), Mrs Mudigdio and the general secretary. Evidence of Gerwani-China cultural exchange. Full text is GA-0190
Xinhua dispatch in Renmin Ribao (30 Sept 1963, p. 4): the Chinese Fujian puppet troupe led by Zhang Fang arrived in Jakarta on 29 September to perform at Gerwani's invitation. Gerwani vice-chair Suwati, Mudigdio and the general secretary (name garbled in translation) welcomed it, with a Chinese Embassy counsellor. Show
Berita Yudha, 30 Januari 1966 (edisi Minggu). Wayang-based moral column 'Tepa-Palupi (60): Bhatari Durga' retells the cursing of Uma into the demon Durga; Gerwani is invoked implicitly through the female-demon figure.
Fragment of a De Volkskrant piece (2 Apr 1973) on press freedom in Suharto's Indonesia, listing imprisoned writers and journalists (Bandaharo Harahap, Oei Hay Djun, Mrs. Sugiarti Siswadi, Mrs. Rusijati, Mrs. Lies Sukatno and others) and rebutting H.B. Jassin's claim of press freedom. Gerwani is not named.
De Waarheid, 20 Sep 1975, p. 3: fragment of an article on a visiting Indonesian parliamentary 'delegation' asking whether they discussed Indonesian literature; it lists imprisoned writers (Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Bujung Saleh, Sitor Situmorang, Rivai Apin, Hadi Soesastro, Benny Tjung, Mrs. Sugiarti Siswadi, Samandjaja,
De Waarheid, 6 Nov 1976, p. 2: fragment on Suharto's destruction of the Lekra cultural movement in 1965 (book burnings, banned art), with a long list of murdered or imprisoned artists, including Pramoedya, Henk Ngantung, Bujung Saleh and writer Sugiarti Siswadi, noted as sentenced to 12 years (OCR garbled). Also an unr
Declassified Jakarta cable (Jakarta 0836, 19 Jan 1978, signed Masters) on P.E.N.'s list of 40 imprisoned Indonesian writers; the embassy has records on nine. Entry 30 reads 'Mrs. Sugiarti Siswadi - reportedly arrested in 1966'. It also notes Pramoedya on Buru, and says those listed were apparently held for suspected in
Declassified Jakarta cable (Jakarta 0836, 19 Jan 1978, signed Masters) on P.E.N.'s list of 40 imprisoned Indonesian writers; the embassy has records on nine. Entry 30 reads 'Mrs. Sugiarti Siswadi - reportedly arrested in 1966'. It also notes Pramoedya on Buru, and says those listed were apparently held for suspected in
De Waarheid, 24 Apr 1979, p. 4: review of the BZZLLETIN issue on 'books under restraint', arguing that Indonesian literature is little translated while many writers are jailed under Suharto: Pramoedya on Buru, Bandar Harahap, Buyung Saleh and writer Sudjinah, held since 1966 in Bukit Duri women's prison. Covers Rendra
TAPOL Bulletin No. 46 (July 1981). A note, 'A Hundred Minus Six', reports that a four-volume Indonesian short-story anthology had to drop six writers deemed involved in G30S/PKI, among them S. Rukiah (Rukiah Kertapati), alongside Pramoedya. The same issue covers the banning of Pramoedya's Buru novels. Gerwani is not me
Kerry Groves's ANU MA thesis (1983) on Harian Rakjat, the PKI daily: its stance on press freedom, administration, polemics (e.g. with Merdeka, 1964), content and treatment of leaders, drawing on Indonesian sources and interviews with ex-prisoners. Gerwani appears in Chapter VI (pp.142-149) on the paper's women's column
De Waarheid report (30 Nov 1987, p.4) on the launch of the Wertheim Foundation, where W.F. Wertheim praised a Hendra painting of a male and female guerrilla. He argued that the Suharto regime rests on mass murder and falsified history, and that one task is to write the real history of Gerwani, Lekra, SOBSI and the PKI.
Media Indonesia, 18 Aug 1991, p. 15: review of Y.B. Mangunwijaya's Durga Umayi summarising the heroine's path from Sukarno's household servant to rape, prostitution and becoming 'an important figure in Gerwani', a political fugitive.
Tempo feature (1 Oct 2007) on how D.N. Aidit was portrayed in the New Order film Pengkhianatan G-30-S/PKI, via interviews with Syu'bah Asa, Danarto, Amarzan Ismail Hamid and Jajang C. Noer. Notes thin research and an invented chain-smoking Aidit; context for film propaganda.
Free-verse poem 'Aku Seorang Gerwani' by Omie Lubis (IndoPROGRESS, 5 May 2009): a Gerwani woman's monologue to her child born of rape, describing forced nakedness and forced 'painting of history', ending as a testament to truth and justice. Literary representation.
Ariel Heryanto essay in Tempo (1 Oct 2012) on state terror, propaganda film and the 1965 wound, from Supersemar and the Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI film to post-1998 indie documentaries and The Act of Killing. One passage states Gerwani leaders were detained, raped, tortured and portrayed as immoral mutilators in army press
Rachmi Larasati's 2013 introduction and chapter on how the New Order erased the dancing bodies of women labelled 'Gerwani' after 1965 and replaced them with state-trained 'clean' dancers performing the same traditions as national heritage. Autoethnographic study of dance and genocide.
Vannessa Hearman's 2014 reflection on the absence of victims in The Act of Killing, concluding that this dominance of perpetrators vividly shows impunity and its continued narrative. Context on film and advocacy.
Bhinneka, October 2015 (Surabaya; ed. Soe Tjen Marching), a 1965 anniversary issue. Women ex-prisoners testify: Hartiti, a Gerwani member, was asked whether she joined the 'naked dance' and castrated the generals; Maria Goretti Sumilah was beaten and burned to confess she was Gerwani; Theresia Kadmiyanti ran a TK Melat