RAND memorandum RM-5753-PR (Feb 1969), Guy J. Pauker, 'The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Indonesia'. Argues, from trial records, that Aidit planned the 30 September action against the generals and traces PKI strategy, the Chinese turn, the agrarian 'unilateral actions' and the killings (up to 300,000), and the 1968 South Blitar destruction. Gerwani appears only once, as a PKI front with 1.75 million members.
Memorandum RAND RM-5753-PR (Feb 1969), Guy J. Pauker, 'Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Partai Komunis Indonesia'. Berdasarkan catatan sidang, berpendapat Aidit merencanakan aksi 30 September terhadap para jenderal, serta menelusuri strategi PKI, pergeseran ke Tiongkok, 'aksi sepihak' agraria, pembunuhan (hingga 300.000), dan penghancuran Blitar Selatan 1968. Gerwani hanya muncul sekali sebagai front PKI beranggota 1,75 juta.
“'The Women's Front (GERWANI) one and three-quarter million members' among PKI fronts totalling some twenty million followers (p. 21).”
Tribune (Sydney), 29 Jun 1966, p. 5: editorial attacking Western press whitewashing of the Suharto regime plus a long reconstruction of 30 Sep-1 Oct 1965 taken from the British New Left Review, portraying the movement as junior officers' action. It mentions that Halim auxiliaries from Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani took par
shared: 30 September Movement, Mass killings of 1965–66, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution
Tribune (Sydney), 29 Jun 1966, p. 5: editorial attacking Western press whitewashing of the Suharto regime plus a long reconstruction of 30 Sep-1 Oct 1965 taken from the British New Left Review, portraying the movement as junior officers' action. It mentions that Halim auxiliaries from Pemuda Rakyat and Gerwani took par
shared: 30 September Movement, Mass killings of 1965–66, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution
UK Foreign Office file FO 371/180318 (Oct 1965): Djakarta embassy telegrams, minutes and copied US cables on the 30 September affair. Covers the anti-PKI demonstration and burning of PKI HQ, Sukarno's return, Suharto and Nasution, and Anglo-American debate on backing the generals. Only Gerwani-relevant item: the 10 Oct
shared: 30 September Movement, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution, Untung
US Embassy Djakarta airgram A-300 (22 Oct 1965, Edward Masters), a 46-page analysis of the 30 September Movement, the PKI, Sukarno, Air Force and army prospects. Gerwani appears only twice: as members of PKI paramilitary TIK units trained at Halim, and as PKI women said to have taunted and humiliated the generals at Lu
shared: 30 September Movement, Indonesian National Party, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution
Journal article by Coen Holtzappel (Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1979) analysing the Untung and Njono trial records to argue the 30 September Movement was steered by Air Force and Army intelligence, with Sjam's Pringgodani group deliberately compromising the PKI and Aidit. Gerwani is mentioned only once, in a footnote
shared: 30 September Movement, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution, Untung
Hermawan Sulistyo's 1997 Arizona State history PhD, 'The Forgotten Years', studies the 1965-66 killings in Jombang-Kediri, East Java, from interviews and documents, finding no single national pattern and stressing local conflict and military-backed operations. Gerwani appears in passing: its claimed 1.75 million member
shared: 30 September Movement, Mass killings of 1965–66, Indonesian Peasants' Front, Indonesian National Party
RAND paper P-2690 by Guy J. Pauker (Jan 1963, for Asian Survey), 'Indonesia: Towards Development or Expansionism?'. Surveys the West New Guinea settlement, the lifting of the state of emergency, PKI strength (Aidit versus Lukman factions), inflation, Soviet arms debt and the Brunei revolt. Mentions Gerwani once, as a P
shared: Indonesian Peasants' Front, Indonesian National Party, Nahdlatul Ulama, RAND Corporation
UK Foreign Office file FO 371/180320 (Oct-Nov 1965): Gilchrist's despatch no. 13 of 8 Oct 1965 on the coup and counter-coup, plus telegrams, NATO and Commonwealth reports and Chinese/Soviet/Hanoi reactions. The despatch lists GERWANI among 'chief suspects' (p. 11) and says members of PKI youth and women's groups took p
shared: 30 September Movement, D.N. Aidit, A.H. Nasution, Untung