UK Foreign Office file FO 371/181556 (Joint Malaysia-Indonesia Department, 1965): minutes, letters and telegrams on countering Indonesian propaganda during Konfrontasi (crashed-aircraft evidence, guidance telegram no. 36, Afro-Asian posts). It has nothing on Gerwani in the official papers. Filed within it is a printed
WIDF magazine 1965 'Our Road' news page (mid-1965), with reports on North and South Korean women, West German women against Emergency Laws, and Argentina/India/US actions. A 'GERWANI for Peasant Women' item says Gerwani's International Women's Day statement backed peasants' demands for the Basic Agrarian Law and Crop S
FBIS-monitored VNA text (11 Jan 1965) of a Nhan Dan review of world solidarity with the NFLSV on its fourth anniversary, with messages from Zhou Enlai, Kim Il Sung, Sihanouk and PKI chair Aidit, and events by WIDF, WFTU, WPC and others. Indonesia appears only briefly: many Indonesian mass organisations held meetings an
Snippet-only Renmin Ribao extract (13 Jan 1965, p. 2): the All-China Women's Federation telegraphs five Indonesian women's organisations, including Gerwani and Kowani, to support Sukarno's decision to withdraw from the UN; truncated. Full text is GA-01956.
Xinhua dispatches in Renmin Ribao (13 Jan 1965, p. 2): five Chinese bodies cable Indonesian counterparts backing Sukarno's UN withdrawal. The All-China Women's Federation's telegram to Kowani, Gerwani, Marhaenist women, Muslimat NU and another group calls the UN a 'paper tiger' and pledges unity with '104 million' Indo
People's Daily page 3, 13 January 1965 (search excerpt only): Indonesian organisations back Sukarno's decision to leave the United Nations. The excerpt says the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani) cabled the President that the UN should be reorganised because imperialism controls it. Shows Gerwani's role
People's Daily page 3, 13 January 1965 (search excerpt only): Indonesian organisations back Sukarno's decision to leave the United Nations. The excerpt says the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani) cabled the President that the UN should be reorganised because imperialism controls it. Shows Gerwani's role
People's Daily p. 4 (21 Jan 1965), Xinhua from Jakarta: First Deputy PM Subandrio, in a written address to the fourth plenary session of the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani), says Indonesia cannot coexist peacefully with imperialism, citing Sukarno's withdrawal from the UN. The headline adds that Harti
People's Daily p. 4 (21 Jan 1965), Xinhua from Jakarta: First Deputy PM Subandrio, in a written address to the fourth plenary session of the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani), says Indonesia cannot coexist peacefully with imperialism, citing Sukarno's withdrawal from the UN. The headline adds that Harti
Neues Deutschland, 4 February 1965, p. 2: report on the Volkskammer session at which President Johannes Dieckmann reported on the delegation's 30 Nov–14 Dec 1964 trip to Indonesia. Quoting his report: on the penultimate day the delegation held talks 'with the leadership of Gerwani, the women's organisation of the Commu
Snippet-only Renmin Ribao extract (7 Feb 1965, p. 3) on Indonesian reactions to the Sino-Indonesian joint statement and Subandrio's China visit. Gerwani is said to have telegraphed Subandrio hailing the statement. Truncated; full text is GA-01958.
Xinhua dispatches in Renmin Ribao (7 Feb 1965, p. 3): Subandrio calls the Indonesia-China joint statement 'a big hammer striking imperialism', and National Front, youth, student groups and Gerwani acclaim it. Gerwani is mentioned only in the last sentence, as having telegraphed Subandrio. Illustrates Gerwani's place in
Xinhua dispatches in Renmin Ribao (8 Feb 1965, p. 4): Sukarno chairs KOTI, hears Subandrio's China report and news that the army killed Darul Islam leader Kahar Muzakkar; PNI, IPKI, SOBSI (3.5 million), youth groups and Gerwani acclaim the killing, with Bintang Timur and Harian Rakjat editorials on US/British threats.
Minutes of Zhou Enlai's discussion with Indonesian First Deputy Prime Minister Subandrio, Guangzhou, 28 May 1965 (Wilson Center Digital Archive; from CWIHP Working Paper 22). Zhou discusses the Vietnam War, US escalation and his four-point statement made at Bogor in April 1965 on Chinese readiness. Editorial notes sket
Snippet-only Renmin Ribao extract (8 Mar 1965, p. 4) on Indonesian protests against US bombing of North Vietnam. It quotes Suwati Trimo (name uncertain) and Sulami of the Gerwani volunteers' command pledging support in the name of three million Gerwani women volunteers; truncated. Full text is GA-01962.
Xinhua dispatches in Renmin Ribao (8 Mar 1965, p. 4): 75,000 youth in Semarang demand confiscation of US capital and expulsion of the Peace Corps; Buddhists protest at the US Embassy. Women volunteers' leaders, including Gerwani volunteer-command leaders Sulami and Suwati Trimo (uncertain) and adviser Mrs Arudji Kartaw
Snippet-only entry (Renmin Ribao, 9 Mar 1965, p. 4) with headline and citation only: Mrs Kartawinata says there can be no peaceful coexistence with imperialism and that Indonesia's six million women volunteers are ready to fight. Gerwani content is in the full text, GA-01964.
Xinhua feature in Renmin Ribao (9 Mar 1965, p. 4) for International Women's Day on Indonesia's 'six million' women volunteers, enrolled since Sukarno's March 1964 call: military training, takeovers of US Information Service offices and US plantations, street protests. Mrs Arudji Kartawinata and Kartini Radjasa are quot
Sovetskaia Kirgiziia, 16 Mar 1965, p. 3: page of TASS items on Vietnam war protests. Quotes a Gerwani statement, said to speak for over 2 million members, condemning US bombing of the DRV as 'a crime against humanity'. Also reports Indonesia withdrawing from the New York World's Fair over US support for Malaysia. Other
Soviet Woman, 31 Mar 1965, 'Our Mailbag' (pp. 11, 29): letters to the editor, including two from Indonesian readers: R. Santoso Ichsan praising Soviet aid and joint anti-imperialist struggle, and Rahadeng Hotoprojetno, a teacher-college history student writing a thesis on 'The Emancipation of Indonesian Women'. Other l
Renmin Ribao (People's Daily) page 4, 1 April 1965: a composite report on support for the South Vietnam National Liberation Front. The excerpt says the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani), in a telegram to South Vietnamese women's organisations, was ready to send women volunteers to support the struggle a
Renmin Ribao (People's Daily) page 4, 1 April 1965: a composite report on support for the South Vietnam National Liberation Front. The excerpt says the Indonesian Women's Movement Association (Gerwani), in a telegram to South Vietnamese women's organisations, was ready to send women volunteers to support the struggle a
FBIS-monitored VNA report (2 Apr 1965) on volunteers in socialist and other countries offering to fight in Vietnam, citing letters from the USSR, China, DPRK, Cuba and Hungary. The final sentence says workers', peasants' and women's organisations in Indonesia called on members to enrol as volunteers and the Indonesian
FBIS-monitored VNA Domestic Service text (6 Apr 1965) on tens of thousands of Korean, Indonesian, Venezuelan, Indian and Japanese volunteers for South Vietnam. Key Indonesian item: on 4 April about 100 women volunteers led by Mrs Umi Sardjono, president of the Indonesian Women's Movement (Gerwani), went to the DRV Emba
People's Daily, 6 April 1965, p. 4: Asian volunteering wave for Vietnam. The excerpt reports about a hundred women volunteers in green uniforms, led by Umi Sardjono, chair of the Indonesian Women's Movement (Gerwani), going to two (unnamed) places to declare their determination to serve as volunteers supporting Vietnam
People's Daily, 6 April 1965, p. 4: Asian volunteering wave for Vietnam. The excerpt reports about a hundred women volunteers in green uniforms, led by Umi Sardjono, chair of the Indonesian Women's Movement (Gerwani), going to two (unnamed) places to declare their determination to serve as volunteers supporting Vietnam
Kim Il Sung, Works vol. 19 (January-October 1965), Foreign Languages Publishing House, Pyongyang 1984. Collects speeches and interviews, including the 14 April 1965 lecture at the 'Ali Archam' Academy of Social Sciences in Jakarta on socialist construction in North Korea and the South Korean revolution (p. 236), and a
Chinese Foreign Ministry minutes of Zhou Enlai's conversation with Kim Il Sung in Jakarta, night of 16 April 1965, at Subandrio's residence (Wilson Center; trans. Caixia Lu). Kim reports on the Korea-Indonesia joint statement negotiated with Sukarno (Vietnam, Korea-Japan talks, Asian-African Conference), the push for a
Short Chinese Foreign Ministry minutes (Chinese original with English translation) of Zhou Enlai's 30-minute talk with Kim Il Sung at the Merdeka Palace, Jakarta, 19 April 1965 (Wilson Center; trans. Caixia Lu). Zhou says the UAR and Algeria opposed a pro-Vietnam document and Pham Van Dong dropped it to protect the sec
Snippet-only Renmin Ribao extract (17 Apr 1965, p. 5) on Indonesian preparations for the Bandung 10th anniversary. It quotes the Gerwani Central Council, in the name of its three million members, welcoming Zhou Enlai's visit; truncated. Full text is GA-01966.